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Articles 5011 - 5040 of 5650

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Comments On Estimating Population Rate Of Increase From Age Frequency Data, C. Renn Tumlison, V. Rick Mcdaniel Jan 1988

Comments On Estimating Population Rate Of Increase From Age Frequency Data, C. Renn Tumlison, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Although many papers have described assumptions and calculations of r from different kinds of data, none has compared estimates of r for the same real data set under different assumptions. We used the age distributions of gray foxes collected during six trapping seasons to estimate and compare r and lₓ series derived under different assumptions. Because trapped foxes are killed, they are believed by some to represent death history data. We found this treatment underestimates mortality so overestimates survivorship and leads to erroneous conclusions about the population. Use of a projection matrix allowed prediction of population size and thus allowed …

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Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer On Milling Quality Of Rice (Oryza Sativa), R. H. Dilday Jan 1988

Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilizer On Milling Quality Of Rice (Oryza Sativa), R. H. Dilday

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on milling quality or milling yield of rice (Oryza sativa) was tested for two cultivars, 'Lemont' and 'Newbonnet'. This was an increase in the percentage of broken kernels and a decrease in head rice yield when no nitrogen fertilizer was applied as compared to applying all of the nitrogen at preflood or in split applications. The greater affect was on Lemont, a cultivar that requires a high amount of nitrogen fertilizer for maximum grain yields. Data showed that the percentage of head rice can be reduced by as much as 7 to 22 percent in …

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Response Of Fish Communities To Habitat Alteration In A Small Ozark Stream, Danny J. Ebert, Stephen P. Filipek Jan 1988

Response Of Fish Communities To Habitat Alteration In A Small Ozark Stream, Danny J. Ebert, Stephen P. Filipek

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

From 1984 to 1986, the Arkansas Highway and Transportation Department reconstructed and upgraded a portion of St. Hwy. 123 west of St. Hwy.7 at Pelsor, Arkansas. As a result of the construction, portions of Haw Creek, Johnson County, Arkansas, a third order stream in the Boston Mountains Ecoregion, were straightened and channelized. In reconstructing specific stream reaches, stream banks were riprapped and vegetated, gabions constructed and positioned, stream substrates and pool-riffle ratios altered. Instream and riparian habitat and fish biomass and diversity in altered reaches were radically altered. Channelized reaches became wide and shallow, lacking overstory cover and pools. Substrate …

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Forestry On The Island Of Taiwan, Roc - The State Of The Art, James M. Guldin, Timothy T. Ku, R. Scott Beasley Jan 1988

Forestry On The Island Of Taiwan, Roc - The State Of The Art, James M. Guldin, Timothy T. Ku, R. Scott Beasley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The forests of Taiwan vary from lush subtropical vegetation to subalpine coniferous associations. Topography is exceedingly rugged, and stands border on the verge of silvicultural inoperability. In the 1950s and 1960s, the wood products industry in the Republic of China was of paramount importance; the production of high-quality sawtimber from old-growth cypress (Cupressaceae) stands provided the financial capital that built one of the most prosperous national economies in the modern world. In the 1980s, forestry in Taiwan is a curious blend of old methods and new technologies, as modern silvicultural practices are used to reforest cutover cypress stands, to harvest …

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Comparison Of Cyclic Nucloetide Phosphodiesterase In Physarum Favicomum, C. Kay Holtman, Tammy K. Ebsen, Judith A. Bean, J. Scott Bryles, Thomas J. Lynch Jan 1988

Comparison Of Cyclic Nucloetide Phosphodiesterase In Physarum Favicomum, C. Kay Holtman, Tammy K. Ebsen, Judith A. Bean, J. Scott Bryles, Thomas J. Lynch

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We have studied both cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase in the myxomycete Physarum flavicomum. The cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase preparations were isolated from both the diploid plasmodial stage of the lifecycle and the haploid myxamoebal stage. The plasmodial enzyme was prepared from spent medium (extracellular) and also from purified nuclei. The myxamoebal enzyme was prepared from purified nuclei. Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activity was studied in purified nuclei isolated from the plasmodium. One unusual feature of all the enzymes from the plasmodium is extreme heat stability; they remain catalytically active even after exposure to a boiling water bath for twenty …

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Analysis Of Wildfire Occurrence In Southeastern Arkansas, 1984-1987, Richard A. Kluender, Lynne C. Thompson, G. W. Callahan Jan 1988

Analysis Of Wildfire Occurrence In Southeastern Arkansas, 1984-1987, Richard A. Kluender, Lynne C. Thompson, G. W. Callahan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Wildfire statistics for Arkansas Forestry Commission District I in southeastern Arkansas were analyzed for the period 1 984 through 1987. A mean of 313 fires and 1103 hectares burned annually during the study period. Most (87%) of the land burned was forested. The greatest number (90%) of wildfires occurred when fire-danger was moderate to high. Most fires were started (90%) and detected (51%) by local residents. Arson was responsible for the majority of fires (68%) and hectares burned (65%). A disproportionately high number (43%) of the incendiary fires occurred in Ashley County. Mean fire size was smaller in this county. …

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Arkansas' Timber Resource: Yesterday, Today, And Tomorrow, Richard A. Kluender, R. L. Willett Jan 1988

Arkansas' Timber Resource: Yesterday, Today, And Tomorrow, Richard A. Kluender, R. L. Willett

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Demand for forest products continues to rise. Arkansas provides about 4% of the U.S. total forest production and about 12% of the south central region production. Questions exist about the ability of current forest resources to completely meet anticipated future demand. In 1985, the U.S. Forest Service and the Arkansas Timber Study Committee began to analyze the existing forest base to determine whether future demand could be met from the current forest, or if not, what management changes were needed to help meet future demand. In 1985, Arkansas forests covered approximately 48% of the total land area of the state. …

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Mandibular Dentition In Six Species Of Salamanders, Genus Plethodon (Caudata: Plethontidae), From Arkansas Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Richard A. Atwill, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 1988

Mandibular Dentition In Six Species Of Salamanders, Genus Plethodon (Caudata: Plethontidae), From Arkansas Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Richard A. Atwill, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The mandibular (dentary) dentition of six species of Plethodon (P. caddoensis, P. dorsalis, P. fourchensis, P. glutinosus, P. ouachitae, and P. serratus) from Arkansas was studied using scanning electron microscopy. In all species, the mandibular teeth were bicuspid, and each tooth possessed a prominent labial cusp and a well-developed, inward-curving lingual cusp. All species showed similar tooth crown features, except P. caddoensis which exhibited a reduced tooth height and a reduced lingual cusp (only slightly larger than the labial cusp). We compared our data with other studies on premaxillary, maxillary, and palatal teeth in Plethodon and found overall similarities in …

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Autumn Foods Of White-Tailed Deer In Arkansas, Thomas A. Nelson, Luke Eggering, Danny Adams Jan 1988

Autumn Foods Of White-Tailed Deer In Arkansas, Thomas A. Nelson, Luke Eggering, Danny Adams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Rumen contents from 65 hunter-harvested deer were collected and analyzed during 1985-86 to estimate the principal autumn foods consumed by white-tailed deer inhabiting the Ozark Mountains, Arkansas River Valley, and Gulf Coastal Plain regions of Arkansas. Deer in the Ozarks and Coastal Plain fed heavily on woody browse species, which comprised 99% of rumina identified from these 2 regions. Acorns were the primary food of deer in these heavily forested areas. Acorns and other woody browse were less important to deer inhabiting the Arkansas River Valley. In this region of interspersed agricultural fields and bottomland forests, soybeans and corn comprised …

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Distribution And Status Of The Brazilian Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala) In Arkansas, David A. Saugey, Gary A. Heidt, Darrell R. Heath, Tim W. Steward, Daniel R. England, V. Rick Mcdaniel Jan 1988

Distribution And Status Of The Brazilian Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala) In Arkansas, David A. Saugey, Gary A. Heidt, Darrell R. Heath, Tim W. Steward, Daniel R. England, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Investigations of building infestations, mist netting activities, and specimens submitted to the Arkansas Department of Health document the Brazilian free-tailed bat to be found in 14 Arkansas counties. Both overwintering and maternity colonies were examined. Numbers of individuals ranged from one to several thousand.

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Toe Tip Morphology In Six Species Of Salamanders, Genus Ambystoma (Caudata: Ambystomatidae) From Arkansas Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Stanley E. Trauth, J. D. Wilhide Jan 1988

Toe Tip Morphology In Six Species Of Salamanders, Genus Ambystoma (Caudata: Ambystomatidae) From Arkansas Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Stanley E. Trauth, J. D. Wilhide

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The toe tip friction surface in six species of Ambystoma (A. annulatum, A.maculatum, A.opacum, A. talpoideum, A. texanum, and A. tigrinum) from Arkansas was examined using scanning electron microscopy. We found no sexual dimorphism in cell surface ultrastructure. Variation within and between species was considerable. The most active burrower, A. tigrinum, possessed the most disorganized cell surface, whereas the least active burrowers (A.annulatum, A.maculatum, and A. opacum) had morphologically similar and relatively smooth toe tips. In A. talpoideum and A. texanum, cell surfaces exhibited microprojections. Only these two species possessed mucous pores in close proximity to the friction surface. The …

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Sex Ratios In Bobcat Populations, C. Renn Tumlison, V. Rick Mcdaniel Jan 1988

Sex Ratios In Bobcat Populations, C. Renn Tumlison, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Reported sex ratios in bobcat populations have suggested great variation ranging from strong male bias to strong female bias. Explanations offered for these observations have included factors of mobility, activity, behavior, inaccurate data collection, hunting pressure, and population density. Ratios are probably most representative during the winter, when females are no longer under constraints of parental care. Sex determination should be made by experienced observers and preferably through internal examination. The most productive direction for interpretation of validated ratios appears to be in terms of population density, hunting pressure, and the timing of harvest.

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Factors Affecting Annual Deer Harvest In Arkansas, Richard A. Kluender, T. Bentley Wigley Jr., Michael E. Cartwright Jan 1988

Factors Affecting Annual Deer Harvest In Arkansas, Richard A. Kluender, T. Bentley Wigley Jr., Michael E. Cartwright

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An understanding of general forces affecting annual harvest is essential to the management of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). A predictive model based on such factors would be valuable to managers. The relationship between 27 different variables and annual, legal deer harvest in Arkansas was evaluated for 1957-1986. Variables most affecting harvest were soybean acreage, hay acreage, number of days in the deer season, rain during the deer season, and total state timber production, total state pulpwood production, and deer harvest 2 years prior. Because significant autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity were present in the variables, log-linear, first differencing and non-linear quasi-Newton regression …

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Distribution, Abundance, Status, And Phytogeography Of Log Ferns (Dryopteris: Woodsiaceae) In Arkansas, James H. Peck, Carol J. Peck Jan 1988

Distribution, Abundance, Status, And Phytogeography Of Log Ferns (Dryopteris: Woodsiaceae) In Arkansas, James H. Peck, Carol J. Peck

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A study of the distribution, abundance, status, and phytogeography of the six taxa of Log Ferns {Dryopteris: Woodsiaceae) that are known to occur in Arkansas was conducted from 1981 -1986. Five of these ferns are generally quite rare in Arkansas. Except for D. marginalis, all exist in Arkansas as small, peripheral populations that are marginal, outlier populations to the west and south or west and north of their metropolis. Two sterile, triploid hybrid taxa (D. X australls and D. X leedsii each occur at only one locality, and there with but one of their parent taxa. The population of the …

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Bats Of Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, David A. Saugey, Dianne G. Saugey, Gary A. Heidt, Darrell R. Heath Jan 1988

Bats Of Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, David A. Saugey, Dianne G. Saugey, Gary A. Heidt, Darrell R. Heath

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A survey was conducted from June 1982 through January 1987 to determine the occurrence of bat species in Hot Springs National Park, Garland County, Arkansas; an area of approximately 2025 hectares. A total of 309 bats in the families Molossidae and Vespertilionidae were captured. Species represented included: Eptesicus fuscus, Lasiurus borealis, Lasiurus cinereus, Nycticeius humeralis, Pipistrellus subflavus, and Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala.

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Eggtooth Development And Morphology In The Six-Lined Racerunner Cnemidophorus Sexlineatus (Sauria: Teiidiae) Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 1988

Eggtooth Development And Morphology In The Six-Lined Racerunner Cnemidophorus Sexlineatus (Sauria: Teiidiae) Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Eggtooth development and morphology in the six-lined racerunner, Cnemidophorus sexlineatus, were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The anlage of the embryonic eggtooth emerges from the anterior surface of the palate relatively late during embryonic development. The eggtooth proper erupts through an epithelial sheath and grows anteriorly to project beyond the rostral scale. The mature eggtooth is hollow, has a wall made of enamel and dentine, possesses a sharply-curved body and has a flattened, pointed tip. The eggtooth is shed within several days after the young hatch.

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Survival And Growth Two Years After Control Of Herbaceous Competitors In Newly Planted Seedlings Of Loblolly Pine, Jimmie L. Yeiser, J. W. Boyd Jan 1988

Survival And Growth Two Years After Control Of Herbaceous Competitors In Newly Planted Seedlings Of Loblolly Pine, Jimmie L. Yeiser, J. W. Boyd

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Early or late over-the-top applications of herbicides were used to control herbaceous competition in machine planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings at two locations in a pasture near Alleene and hand planted seedlings on a bedded site near Fouke. Sites were selected for diverse competitors. None of the treatments controlled weeds for the entire growing season. Only glyphosate + sulfometuron methyl produced seedling survival and growth below the check plots. The best over-the-top treatments were sulfometuron methyl alone or sulfometuron methyl + hexazinone.

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Forest Habitat Use By White-Tailed Deer In The Arkansas Coastal Plain, T. B. Wigley Jr., M. E. Garner Jan 1988

Forest Habitat Use By White-Tailed Deer In The Arkansas Coastal Plain, T. B. Wigley Jr., M. E. Garner

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Forest habitat use by five radio-equipped white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was monitored in the Arkansas Coastal Plain during 1982-84. The deer were located 821 times. Use of forest types was compared to expected use as calculated from availability. The study area was also divided into 491 two-hectare cells for which timber characteristics and number of deer locations were determined. Pine sawtimber was the most heavily used forest type in all seasons and was used more often than expected during spring. Also used more than expected were brushy areas (clearcut but not site prepared) during spring, summer and fall and openings …

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Reproductive Characteristics Of South Florida Sternotherus Odoratus And Kinosternon Baurii (Testudines: Kinosternidae), Walter E. Meshaka Jr. Jan 1988

Reproductive Characteristics Of South Florida Sternotherus Odoratus And Kinosternon Baurii (Testudines: Kinosternidae), Walter E. Meshaka Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Notes On The Biology Of Thyanta Claceala (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) On Tephrosia Virginiana (Leguminosae), A New Host Plant, Phoebe A. Harp, Harvey E. Barton Jan 1988

Notes On The Biology Of Thyanta Claceala (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) On Tephrosia Virginiana (Leguminosae), A New Host Plant, Phoebe A. Harp, Harvey E. Barton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Mammalian Species Recovered From A Study Of Barn Owl, Tyto Alba, Pellets From Southwestern Arkansas, Tim W. Steward, J. D. Wilhide, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Daniel R. England Jan 1988

Mammalian Species Recovered From A Study Of Barn Owl, Tyto Alba, Pellets From Southwestern Arkansas, Tim W. Steward, J. D. Wilhide, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Daniel R. England

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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A Stereotaxic Atlas Of The Brain Of The Chick (Gallus Domesticus), Wayne J. Kuenzel, Manju Masson Jan 1988

A Stereotaxic Atlas Of The Brain Of The Chick (Gallus Domesticus), Wayne J. Kuenzel, Manju Masson

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Nine brains taken from chicks two weeks of age were used for the development of this atlas. Each chick was first anesthetized with an intravenous (IV) injection of Chloropent2 (1.8 ml/kg). Chicks were then perfused via the heart with 90 ml physiological saline followed by 90 ml Heidenhain's3 solution. Each head was then positioned in a stereotaxic instrument as described in the previous section and three stainless steel (SS) insect pins (#2) were implanted in each brain at known coordinates. In the case of the brains used to construct the cross- sectional atlas plates, two pins were implanted horizontal to …

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Residual Pesticides In Fishes From Lake Chicot, Arkansas, C. M. Cooper, S. S. Knight Jan 1987

Residual Pesticides In Fishes From Lake Chicot, Arkansas, C. M. Cooper, S. S. Knight

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Samples of fish from isolated and flow-through portions of Lake Chicot, Arkansas, were analyzed for residual pesticide concentrations from 1978 and 1981. Where appropriate ecologically, fish flesh, viscera and whole fish, were analyzed for the common organochlorine insecticides DDT [1,1 ,1-trichloro -2,2bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethane], DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethyene], DDD [1,1-dichloro -2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethane], toxaphene (chlorinated camphene), chlordane, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, and endrin. DDT, DDT metabolites, and heptachlor were significantly (a = 0.05) higher in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) and yellow bullhead catfish (Ictalurus natalis) than in other species examined. Pesticide concentrations did not exceed the acceptable levels established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency although …

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Photoreactivation Of Lethal Damage Induced In Hamster X Xenopus Hybrid Cells And Their Parentals By Uv Light, David Bohlender, Stuart Williams, Emir Cruz, H. Gaston Griggs Jan 1987

Photoreactivation Of Lethal Damage Induced In Hamster X Xenopus Hybrid Cells And Their Parentals By Uv Light, David Bohlender, Stuart Williams, Emir Cruz, H. Gaston Griggs

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A85 Xenopus cells that exhibited a high level of photoreactivation (PR) and V79B2 hamster cells that exhibited little PR were fused to produce the V79B2 x A85 cell line — a hybrid line which possessed a relatively stable karyotype, with most cells containing the entire V79B2 and A85 genomes. UV and UV plus PR fluence-survival relations were then determined and compared for the hybrid and parental lines in a first attempt to elucidate interactions of the parental PR mechanisms in the hybrid. It was anticipated that the A85 genome in the hybrid would produce PR enzyme in sufficient concentration and …

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Selected Families Of Trichoptera In Arkansas, Veryl V. Board Jan 1987

Selected Families Of Trichoptera In Arkansas, Veryl V. Board

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Influence Of Thresher Cylinder Speed And Grain Moisture At Harvest On Milling Yield Of Rice, R. H. Dilday Jan 1987

Influence Of Thresher Cylinder Speed And Grain Moisture At Harvest On Milling Yield Of Rice, R. H. Dilday

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The percentage of broken rice (Oryza sativa) kernels was determined after threshing the grain at varying cylinder speeds of the thresher and moisture contents of the grain at harvest. Moisture contents of the individual grain samples ranged from 12 to 26% and the two cylinder speeds were 600 and 1000 RPM. Significant differences between germplasm, cylinder speed and moisture content of the grain at harvest on milling yield was observed. For example, Newbonnet had the fewest broken kernels while Leah had the greatest amount of broken kernels. Lemont produced the highest total milling yield; whereas, L202 produced the lowest total …

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Genetic Family And Stock Type Influence Simulated Loblolly Pine Yields From Wet Sites, J. F. Dickson, Jimmie L. Yeiser, Richard A. Kleunder, J. L. Paschke Jan 1987

Genetic Family And Stock Type Influence Simulated Loblolly Pine Yields From Wet Sites, J. F. Dickson, Jimmie L. Yeiser, Richard A. Kleunder, J. L. Paschke

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Planting adapted families or a bulked seedlot of bare-root and container-grown-seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) were contrasted as cost effective alternatives for regenerating Arkansas' wet sites. Survival data from two wet sites were used to simulate 15 years of growth. Containerized seedlings provided 17% greater survival than bare-root seedlings, but yielded a lower present net worth than bare-root seedlings. Planting families adapted to excessive moisture provided 7% greater survival and yielded a greater present net worth than planting a bulked seedlot consisting of adapted and poorly adapted families.

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Woody Plants Of South Arkansas: Computer Aided Instruction In Dendrology, J. F. Dickson, Jimmie L. Yeiser Jan 1987

Woody Plants Of South Arkansas: Computer Aided Instruction In Dendrology, J. F. Dickson, Jimmie L. Yeiser

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Arkansas Pteridophyte Flora Update: A New Checklist And Additional County-Level Occurrence Records, James H. Peck, Carol J. Peck, W. Carl Taylor Jan 1987

Arkansas Pteridophyte Flora Update: A New Checklist And Additional County-Level Occurrence Records, James H. Peck, Carol J. Peck, W. Carl Taylor

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Striped Bass (Morone Saxatillis) Age From Body Scales, Opercles, And Dorsal Spines, Raj V. Kilambi, Thoniot T. Prabhakaran Jan 1987

Evaluation Of Striped Bass (Morone Saxatillis) Age From Body Scales, Opercles, And Dorsal Spines, Raj V. Kilambi, Thoniot T. Prabhakaran

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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