Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Life Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

South Dakota State University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 781 - 810 of 4221

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Assembly Of Triticum Boeoticum Ssp. Aegilopoides And Triticum Monoccocum Genomes, Mustafa Aljadi Jan 2020

Assembly Of Triticum Boeoticum Ssp. Aegilopoides And Triticum Monoccocum Genomes, Mustafa Aljadi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wheat is ancient cereal. Wheat has n = 7 chromosomes which is belong to genus Triticum. The group Triticum monococcum sp. aegilopoides(boeoticum) is a diploid wheat (2n = 14). It has a morphology aspect of having narrow, flat spike which usually shatters before harvesting time. The domesticated type of T.boeoticum known as a diploid wheat of Triticum monococcum L. In this research we want to generate a high quality assembly of wild and domesticated type of Einkorn wheat. Our method is using Illumina short sequence reads assembled by both CLC, and W2RAP(Wheat/Whole- genome Robust Assembly Pipeline) software’s. In our approach …


Crop Rotations, Tillage And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Health, Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Farm Profitability, Jasdeep Singh Jan 2020

Crop Rotations, Tillage And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Health, Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Farm Profitability, Jasdeep Singh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study assessed the effects of three levels of crop rotation: [2-yr; corn (Zea mays L.)- soybean (Glycine max L.), 3-yr; corn-soybean-oat (Avena sativa L.) or 4-yr; cornsoybean- oat-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)], two tillage [conventional-till (CT) and no-till (NT)], and two winter cover cropping systems [cover crop (CC) or fallow control (NC)] on soil biochemical and physical properties, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), microbial community composition, crop yield and farm profitability under silty clay loam soil of south eastern South Dakota. Experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a split-split plot treatment arrangement with four replications. Rotations, tillage …


Management Implications Of A Rye Cover Crop On Nutrient Cycling And Soybean Production In Southeast South Dakota: Focus On Rye Seeding Rates And Termination Timing, Benjamin Brockmueller Jan 2020

Management Implications Of A Rye Cover Crop On Nutrient Cycling And Soybean Production In Southeast South Dakota: Focus On Rye Seeding Rates And Termination Timing, Benjamin Brockmueller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Winter rye (Secale cereale L.) has become an important cover crop in South Dakota; yet, concerns over negative impacts on cash crop yields is one important limitation to the widespread adoption of winter rye in cropping systems. Two field studies were implemented at the Southeast Research Farm near Beresford, SD investigating the impacts of five seeding rates (0-90 kg ha-1) and termination timings (April 19th- May31st) with the objectives of examining the roles of winter rye management practices on soybean production and yield from nutrient cycling of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) in the agroecosystem. Plant, residue, …


Profiling Transcription And Retrotransposition Of Mouse L1 Subfamilies, Lingqi Kong Jan 2020

Profiling Transcription And Retrotransposition Of Mouse L1 Subfamilies, Lingqi Kong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Transposable elements, also called jumping genes, comprise almost 45% of the human genome. In contrast, only 1% of the human genome is protein-coding sequences. The function and advantages of maintaining such massive copies of transposable elements in the human genome are still unclear. Long interspersed element 1 (L1), the most substantial group and the only active autonomous transposable element in the human genome, has revealed its unique roles in many diseases. The insertional mutagenesis induced by L1 retrotransposition events could threaten human genomic stability and generate unexpected mutations. L1 overexpression has been documented in both somatic and germline cells and, …


Evaluating The Effects Of Yeast Cell Wall Component, Phytochemical Oil, And Vitamin E On Sow Antioxidant Status And Growth Performance Of Dam And Offspring, Lily P. Hernandez Jan 2020

Evaluating The Effects Of Yeast Cell Wall Component, Phytochemical Oil, And Vitamin E On Sow Antioxidant Status And Growth Performance Of Dam And Offspring, Lily P. Hernandez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Times of high metabolic activity in gestation and lactation, as well as periods of stress at weaning, can lead to greater incidences of oxidative stress in the dam and offspring during the suckling and post-weaning period. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between prooxidant molecules and the antioxidant defense system that can negatively impact growth and/or reproductive performance. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a yeast cell wall component (Citristim, ADM Nutrition, Quincy, IL), peppermint oil, and ɣ-tocopherol in gestation and lactation diets to alleviate the impact of oxidative stress on maternal reproductive and offspring growth …


Examining Biodiversity Metrics And The Utility Of Dna Barcoding In The Northern Great Plains, Sarah Herzog Jan 2020

Examining Biodiversity Metrics And The Utility Of Dna Barcoding In The Northern Great Plains, Sarah Herzog

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to heavy threats to remaining global floral and faunal diversity, it is imperative we can identify species and quantify ecosystem health to find best practices for land management and conservation. The tallgrass prairies of the Northern Great Plains are one example of a heavily imperiled ecosystem. The tallgrass prairies have been reduced to less one percent of their historical extent and are facing continued loss. Genetic approaches and evolutionary theory offer insights for identifying species and assessing how biodiversity metrics may correlate with ecosystem processes. My two projects aim to address two facets imperative to conservation in the tallgrass …


Exploring Heterogeneous Phenotypes In Response To Stress, Heather S. Deter Jan 2020

Exploring Heterogeneous Phenotypes In Response To Stress, Heather S. Deter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work combines traditional microbiology with bioinformatic and synthetic biology approaches to study antibiotic tolerance. Antibiotic tolerance is a widespread phenomenon that facilitates antibiotic resistance and decreases the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment. Tolerance is distinct from antibiotic resistance, because tolerance is short term survival and typically results from phenotypic variations rather than genetic variation. The molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance are varied and debated in the literature. I have explored two intracellular processes related to tolerance, toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems (Chapter 2) and proteases (Chapter 4). Specifically, I focus on the ratio of antitoxin-to-toxin in type II TA systems, because type II …


The Impact Of Subsurface Physical Characteristics On The Effectiveness Of Subsurface Drainage In The Northern Great Plains, Mehmet Emin Budak Jan 2020

The Impact Of Subsurface Physical Characteristics On The Effectiveness Of Subsurface Drainage In The Northern Great Plains, Mehmet Emin Budak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

World-wide, salinity and sodicity problems are increasing in coastal, irrigated and dryland agricultural systems. Traditional reclamation techniques for saline sodic soils include improving soil drainage by installing subsurface drainage, leaching with high quality water, and applying a source of calcium. However, due to differences in the soil parent material these traditional approach treatments were ineffective in removing sodium and other salts out of the soil profile of South Dakota. Understanding how the surface and subsurface soil characteristics and management interact to affect the sustainability of these systems is the first step in remediation. Each region and soil have a slightly …


Investigating Links Between Soil Microbial Structure And Function In Three Major Plant Communities Across Temporal Scales Of Arctic Alaska, Kaj Lynoe Jan 2020

Investigating Links Between Soil Microbial Structure And Function In Three Major Plant Communities Across Temporal Scales Of Arctic Alaska, Kaj Lynoe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Arctic microbial systems continue to get attention today as our understanding regarding their structure and function in a changing system is paramount to C feedbacks with warming and changes in precipitation. Plant communities and microbial community processes across the Arctic landscape are central to understanding tundra ecosystem processes because environmental conditions and plant community structure drive microbial cycling of soil organic matter. Here, we want to understand how soil microbial respiration, mineralization, biomass, and community composition are linked to three Alaskan tundra plant communities, namely Shrub, Tussock, and Sedge tundra and the seasonal variability in this system. A total of …


Characterization Of Bison Finishing And Harvest Systems: Effects On Carcass And Meat Quality Characteristics, Jessica Janssen Jan 2020

Characterization Of Bison Finishing And Harvest Systems: Effects On Carcass And Meat Quality Characteristics, Jessica Janssen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this thesis project were to 1) characterize the influence of finishing system (grain-finished vs. grass-finished) on carcass characteristics, meat quality, the nutritional composition, and consumer preference for bison meat 2) evaluate the effectiveness of beef camera grading technology on grain- and grass-finished bison carcass characteristics, and 3) characterize the influence harvest systems (on-ranch vs. commercial facilities) on animal stress response, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and consumer preference of bison heifers. For objectives 1 and 2: Grain- (n=108) and grass- (n=93) finished bison heifers were slaughtered at 28 mo of age, at approximately 20 h postmortem, carcass measurements …


Modification Of Plant Proteins And Their Potential Application As Fish Meal Replacements In Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss Feeds, Miran Jaza Hama Salh Jan 2020

Modification Of Plant Proteins And Their Potential Application As Fish Meal Replacements In Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss Feeds, Miran Jaza Hama Salh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Soybean meals (SBM) and its by-products are the most common plant feedstuffs that are used in feeds for a variety of fish species of fish over the last three decades due to high protein levels and good amino acid profile, in comparison with other plant protein sources. In the last two decades the production of soybean was around zero metric tons (Index, 2020). Barley is another plant protein that has been tested in some species diets. While barley is used in many areas such as brewing industry, animal feeding, human consumption, it is mainly used for animal feeding in Kurdistan. …


Impact Of Coaching By Extension Professionals On Rural Wellness Coalition Success, Taylor Willhite Jan 2020

Impact Of Coaching By Extension Professionals On Rural Wellness Coalition Success, Taylor Willhite

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To quantitatively assess coaches perceived confidence in coaching rural wellness coalitions and to qualitatively determine barriers and facilitators to success in coaching rural wellness coalitions.
Design: A mixed methods design was utilized with quantitative (scorecard) and qualitative (key informant interviews) methodologies.
Setting: Six rural South Dakota wellness coalitions.
Participants: Extension wellness coalition coaches (n=7), one previous and six current.
Intervention: A component of the broader SDSU Extension 1416 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) intervention.
Analysis: STATA was utilized for the quantitative scorecard data by running paired ttests. NVivo was utilized in the …


Impact Of Altering Lys : Energy Ratio During Gestation On Sow Productivity, Piglet Robustness, And Piglet Post-Wean Growth Performance, Tiffany C. Bruhn Jan 2020

Impact Of Altering Lys : Energy Ratio During Gestation On Sow Productivity, Piglet Robustness, And Piglet Post-Wean Growth Performance, Tiffany C. Bruhn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Across 4 breeding groups, 63 primiparous and multiparous females were blocked by parity, balanced by weight, then randomly assigned to one of 3 gestation feeding regimens: Control (CON), 1.50 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d2-110 of gestation; Phase Feeding 1 (PF1), 1.50 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d2-89 and 2.11 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d 90-110 of gestation; Phase Feeding 2 (PF2), 1.25, 1.07, and 0.88g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d2-89 for gilts, parity 1, and parity 2+, respectively and 2.11 g SID Lys/Mcal ME from d90-110 of gestation over 2 reproductive cycles. During lactation, all sows received a …


Teachers' Perceptions Of Experiential Learning In The 3-Circle Agricultural Education Model, Jon C. Schreurs Jan 2020

Teachers' Perceptions Of Experiential Learning In The 3-Circle Agricultural Education Model, Jon C. Schreurs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this paper is to describe teachers’ perceptions of experiential learning and its effects on student learning, understanding, and engagement through agriculture education's three-circle model. This paper explores teachers’ perceptions of the value and importance of experiential learning in agriculture education instruction, FFA, and supervised agricultural experience. Further, I explore experiential learning, constructivism, and hands-on learning as the foundational instructional practices used in agricultural education. Agricultural education teachers from southwest Minnesota were surveyed to determine how they are using experiential learning in their agriculture education programs, including classroom instruction, FFA, and supervised agricultural experiences.


Effects Of Particle Size Of Distillers Dried Grains And Increased Levels Of Flour Enrichment - A Study Of Nutritional Composition, Rheology, And Quality Of Fiber And Protein Enriched Bread, Patra Nwamaka Akaya Jan 2020

Effects Of Particle Size Of Distillers Dried Grains And Increased Levels Of Flour Enrichment - A Study Of Nutritional Composition, Rheology, And Quality Of Fiber And Protein Enriched Bread, Patra Nwamaka Akaya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Predicting Farinograph Stability Of Wheat Flour With Mixograph And Glutomatic Tests, Brooke Shumate Jan 2020

Predicting Farinograph Stability Of Wheat Flour With Mixograph And Glutomatic Tests, Brooke Shumate

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; HRSW) flour is typically used to produce wheat-based foods where dough strength is a key quality component. Maintaining acceptable levels of dough strength is an important goal in the development of new HRSW cultivars. In a commercial setting, dough strength is often measured as Farinograph stability, though due to various resource constraints, stability is often predicted in breeding programs via other methods like the Mixograph. The objective of this research was to combine Glutomatic with Mixograph data to determine whether Farinograph stability predictions might be improved over the use of Mixograph data …


Exploring The Properties Of Chitin For Promoting Tissue Engineering And Repair, M. Jahir Raihan Jan 2020

Exploring The Properties Of Chitin For Promoting Tissue Engineering And Repair, M. Jahir Raihan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Higher Temperatures Have Contrasting Effects On Different Components Of Forage Quality For Caribou In Northern Alaska, Heidi Becker Jan 2020

Higher Temperatures Have Contrasting Effects On Different Components Of Forage Quality For Caribou In Northern Alaska, Heidi Becker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rising temperatures in the Arctic may affect vegetation, which in turn can affect herbivores, such as caribou, that rely on these plants for forage. Several plant traits contribute to forage quality, including digestibility, nitrogen content, and antiherbivory secondary compounds, but the effect of temperature on these traits individually and combined is unclear. I conducted a three-component study on the effect of higher temperatures on the forage quality of graminoids, deciduous shrubs, and evergreen dwarf shrubs on the North Slope of Alaska. The components included: 1) short and long-term experimental warming, 2) natural temperature variation between south and north-facing slopes, and …


Evaluation Of Fall-Seeded Cover Crops For Grassland Nesting Waterfowl In Eastern South Dakota, Charles W. Gallman Iii Jan 2020

Evaluation Of Fall-Seeded Cover Crops For Grassland Nesting Waterfowl In Eastern South Dakota, Charles W. Gallman Iii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Prairie Pothole Region is the primary breeding ground for many species of North American waterfowl. This landscape was historically dominated by mixed and tallgrass prairies interspersed with wetlands, but >70% of native grassland area has been lost due to widespread conversion to croplands, which may threaten waterfowl production. Cover cropping is a re-emerging farming technique that may provide suitable nesting cover for grassland nesting waterfowl on active farmlands. My research objectives were to evaluate the utility of fall-seeded cover crops to breeding waterfowl compared to perennial cover, determine if cover crops in rotation with row crops can successfully support …


Physiological Responses To Feeding A Yeast Culture Supplement To Transition Dairy Cows, Nathaly Ana Carpinelli Jan 2020

Physiological Responses To Feeding A Yeast Culture Supplement To Transition Dairy Cows, Nathaly Ana Carpinelli

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The transition period is the dynamic stage in the lactation cycle, where the most metabolic changes can occur. The use of nutritional strategies, such as yeast culture, can help cows during the transition from pregnancy to early lactation, improving health and decreasing the incidence of metabolic disorders. The first objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of a commercial yeast culture product (YC; Cellerate Culture Classic HD, Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ) on performance, blood biomarkers, and rumen fermentation and bacterial population in dairy cows during the transition period through 50 days in milk (DIM). Overall, the results …


Developing Microbial Based Process To Produce High Value Natural Antimicrobial (Glyceollin) In Soybeans And Pullulan From Sucrose, Andrea Zavadil Jan 2020

Developing Microbial Based Process To Produce High Value Natural Antimicrobial (Glyceollin) In Soybeans And Pullulan From Sucrose, Andrea Zavadil

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Glyceollin is a secondary metabolite produced under stress conditions by soybean to act as a plant defender to pathogen attack. The antimicrobial nature of glyceollin makes it a promising natural alternative to antibiotics if incorporated into livestock feed. However, production of glyceollin is highly variable, dependent on soybean variety, and fungal elicitor used as inoculum. Our study compares two fungal spore elicitors, Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus sojae on soybeans of diverse maturity level, and fungal susceptibility to determine highest glyceollin titer. Spore inoculation with T. reesei elicited highest glyceollin titers of 2.42±0.20 mg/g at 120 h, while A. sojae elicited …


Crop Rotations And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Biochemical Properties, Root Characteristics And Economic Performance, Hanxiao Feng Jan 2020

Crop Rotations And Cover Crops Influences On Soil Biochemical Properties, Root Characteristics And Economic Performance, Hanxiao Feng

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introducing cover crops (CC) and increasing crop diversity in agricultural systems are beneficial in improving the soil health and crop production. However, limited research has been conducted that focuses the influence of CC and crop rotation on soil ecosystem, root growth and development, crop production, and economic returns. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the impacts of CC management on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community structure changes, (ii) evaluate the crop rotation management on crop root growth and development, nutrient storage in crop grain and biomass, and crop yield, and (iii) investigate the crop rotation …


Single Droplet Drying Technology For The Optimization Of The Dairy Ingredients With Best Quality And Functionality, Hiral Narendrabhai Vora Jan 2020

Single Droplet Drying Technology For The Optimization Of The Dairy Ingredients With Best Quality And Functionality, Hiral Narendrabhai Vora

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As a result of their extended shelf-life, dried dairy ingredients constitute a significant category produced for global markets. During the development of dairy ingredients, several drying trials are typically conducted to determine optimum drying conditions. The results of these trials can be critical in determining optimum dryer design. However, these trials can be expensive and time-consuming. An alternative that has recently been developed using a new technique called single droplet drying (SDD). The SDD technique involves a single droplet suspended on the tip of a glass filament, where changes in droplet diameter, mass, and temperature are measured during drying. SDD …


The Journal Of Undergraduate Research: 2019 Jan 2020

The Journal Of Undergraduate Research: 2019

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

This is the complete issue of the South Dakota State University Journal of Undergraduate Research, Volume 17.


The Role Of Endophytes In Conferring Salinity Tolerance In Prairie Cordgrass And The Winter Wheat Mint Variety, Jeffery Bartel Jan 2020

The Role Of Endophytes In Conferring Salinity Tolerance In Prairie Cordgrass And The Winter Wheat Mint Variety, Jeffery Bartel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prairie Cordgrass (PCG) Spartina pectinata is a native grass to North America that survives saline conditions, can be harvested multiple times in a year, and can be used as biofuel. Endophytes are bacteria that reside in plant tissues and often have growthpromoting capabilities. They can assist plants by obtaining nutrients by improving the tolerance of plants against a broad range of stresses, such as plant pathogens, viruses, flooding, drought, acids, or bases. PCG can survive ocean levels of salinity. Endophytes that naturally bond with PCG may not only be able to not only help PCG but be transferred to other …


Parenting Styles, Parenting Practices, And Dietary Intakes Of Preschoolers And Their Parents, Biyi Chen Jan 2020

Parenting Styles, Parenting Practices, And Dietary Intakes Of Preschoolers And Their Parents, Biyi Chen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Emerging research efforts have focused on the role of parents in the development of dietary behaviors of their children. Parental influences play a particularly important role in determining the children’s weight and shaping children’s dietary behaviors, especially during early childhood. Parent-related determinants can be classified as two types—general parenting (parenting style) and specific parenting practices (e.g, food parenting practices). Examining the interactions between parental influences and preschoolers’ and their parental dietary behaviors and may reveal important insights into how parents influence children’s dietary behaviors. Therefore, the goal of this research is to examine the associations between parenting styles, food parenting …


Burning With Potential: Understanding The Relationship Between Biochar And Agriculture Of The Northern Glaciated Plains Ecoregion, Kaitlyn Abrahamson Jan 2020

Burning With Potential: Understanding The Relationship Between Biochar And Agriculture Of The Northern Glaciated Plains Ecoregion, Kaitlyn Abrahamson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Achieving global sustainable agriculture is one of the most incredible challenges of this century, yet many continue to try to solve this problem through the development of precision technologies. Biotechnologies, such as biochar, can perform like a precision technology while protecting agricultural land from soil erosion and fertility loss. The Northern Glaciated Plains ecoregion of the United States is little researched in the benefits from the use of biochar through improved soil nutrient capture and water retention, crop health improvements, and yield increases. The study plot has four sections of corn stover biochar and eight sections of control sections. This …


Fishes Of The Dakotas, Kathryn Schlafke Jan 2020

Fishes Of The Dakotas, Kathryn Schlafke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Biological reference materials play a critical role in studies of species biodiversity, biology, distribution, and historic diversity. Since the publications Fishes of North Dakota (Hankinson, 1929) and Fishes of South Dakota (Bailey and Allum, 1962), no new books have attempted to update the knowledge gained from the past decades of fish surveys and incorporate georeferenced collections at the state level. The last published book with the most complete accounts of fishes from North Dakota and South Dakota is the Distribution of Fishes in North and South Dakota Basins affected by the Garrison Diversion Unit (Owen et al. 1981) which includes …


The Effect Of Neonicotinoid Clothianidin On Ring-Necked Pheasant Survival And Reproduction, Michael Sundall Jan 2020

The Effect Of Neonicotinoid Clothianidin On Ring-Necked Pheasant Survival And Reproduction, Michael Sundall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) are economically important to the state of South Dakota bringing in over one hundred million dollars in revenue each season. The population is known to fluctuate temporally for many reasons, often weather related. Unfortunately, no research has been conducted involving ring-necked pheasants that evaluated the impact or interaction of neonicotinoids on the species. The objective of our study was to gain an understanding of how the neonicotinoid, Clothianidin, affects survival and breeding in pheasants. Our first experiment was to determine if there was a selection bias for seeds treated with neonicotinoids. In this experiment, eight ring-necked …


Biophysical And Socioeconomic Impacts Of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration In Burkina Faso, Basnewende Brice Fulgence Zoungrana Jan 2020

Biophysical And Socioeconomic Impacts Of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration In Burkina Faso, Basnewende Brice Fulgence Zoungrana

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human actions such as overgrazing, the development of cities at the expense of forests, high intensity and poor agricultural management, and so forth, reduce the resources available for future generations. Because Earth has limited resources, it is important to judiciously use and manage natural resources. Human actions towards nature are the focus of my research in Africa. Increased demands for grazing, agriculture, and ecosystem services led some farmers in developing countries to use unsustainable practices, which may lead to low incomes and poor food nutrition for households. Farmer managed natural regeneration (FMNR) may be a solution to these issues. FMNR …