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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effects Of Diet On Lcn2 Expression And Onset Of Neuroinflammation In An Alzheimer’S Disease Mice Model, Abdirahman A. Hayir
Effects Of Diet On Lcn2 Expression And Onset Of Neuroinflammation In An Alzheimer’S Disease Mice Model, Abdirahman A. Hayir
Neuroscience Honors Projects
This project covers the findings regarding the impact of diet on lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and the effects it has on neuroinflammation Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). LCN2 is a protein that is critical to the functionality of mitochondria and inflammatory responses. Evidence has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential central event in driving AD pathogenesis and contributing to formation of pathological hallmarks such as chronic inflammation. Furthermore, studies have shown that LCN2 can be deficient under metabolic conditions such as high-fat-diet (HFD). This study investigates if HFD induces LCN2 deficiency and increased neuroinflammation in an AD mice model.
Repeated Vaginal Exposures To The Common Cosmetic And Household Preservative Methylisothiazolinone Induce Persistent, Mast Cell-Dependent Genital Pain In Nd4 Mice, Erica Arriaga-Gomez, Jacyln Kline, Elizabeth Emanuel, Nefeli Neamonitaki, Tenzin Yangdon, Hayley Zacheis, Dogukan Pasha, Jinyoung Lim, Susan Bush, Beebie Boo, Hanna Mengistu, Ruby Kinnamon, Robin Shields-Cutler, Wattenberg Wattenberg, Devavani Chatterjea
Repeated Vaginal Exposures To The Common Cosmetic And Household Preservative Methylisothiazolinone Induce Persistent, Mast Cell-Dependent Genital Pain In Nd4 Mice, Erica Arriaga-Gomez, Jacyln Kline, Elizabeth Emanuel, Nefeli Neamonitaki, Tenzin Yangdon, Hayley Zacheis, Dogukan Pasha, Jinyoung Lim, Susan Bush, Beebie Boo, Hanna Mengistu, Ruby Kinnamon, Robin Shields-Cutler, Wattenberg Wattenberg, Devavani Chatterjea
Faculty Publications
A history of allergies doubles the risk of vulvodynia-a chronic pain condition of unknown etiology often accompanied by increases in numbers of vulvar mast cells. We previously established the biological plausibility of this relationship in mouse models where repeated exposures to the allergens oxazolone or dinitrofluorobenzene on the labiar skin or inside the vaginal canal of ND4 Swiss Webster outbred mice led to persistent tactile sensitivity and local increases in mast cells. In these models, depletion of mast cells alleviated pain. While exposure to cleaning chemicals has been connected to elevated vulvodynia risk, no single agent has been linked to …
Tetrahydrocannabinol Reduces Hapten-Driven Mast Cell Accumulation And Persistent Tactile Sensitivity In Mouse Model Of Allergen-Provoked Localized Vulvodynia, Beebie Boo, Rohit Kamath, Erica Arriaga-Gomez, Jasmine Landry, Elizabeth Emanuel, Sookyong Joo, Marietta Sald Montivero, Tijana Martinov, Brian T. Fife, Devavani Chatterjea
Tetrahydrocannabinol Reduces Hapten-Driven Mast Cell Accumulation And Persistent Tactile Sensitivity In Mouse Model Of Allergen-Provoked Localized Vulvodynia, Beebie Boo, Rohit Kamath, Erica Arriaga-Gomez, Jasmine Landry, Elizabeth Emanuel, Sookyong Joo, Marietta Sald Montivero, Tijana Martinov, Brian T. Fife, Devavani Chatterjea
Faculty Publications
Vulvodynia is a remarkably prevalent chronic pain condition of unknown etiology. An increase in numbers of vulvar mast cells often accompanies a clinical diagnosis of vulvodynia and a history of allergies amplifies the risk of developing this condition. We previously showed that repeated exposures to oxazolone dissolved in ethanol on the labiar skin of mice led to persistent genital sensitivity to pressure and a sustained increase in labiar mast cells. Here we sensitized female mice to the hapten dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) dissolved in saline on their flanks, and subsequently challenged them with the same hapten or saline vehicle alone for ten …
Chacra Farming, Peasant Livelihood Portfolios And Identities In The Peruvian Andes, Anna C. Bebbington
Chacra Farming, Peasant Livelihood Portfolios And Identities In The Peruvian Andes, Anna C. Bebbington
Geography Honors Projects
Nearly fifty years after land reform in Peru, and in the face of dramatic climatic and social change, small-scale, high-altitude agriculture and the livelihoods of peasant households have fundamentally changed.Nonetheless, low-input subsistence agriculture, known as chacra agriculture, remains a prominent feature in Andean landscapes and peasant livelihoods. Drawing on research conducted in two agro-pastoral communities in the Ancash region of Peru, this thesis seeks to show how and why households in these communities continue to rely on the chacra as part of their livelihood strategies. While seeking to understand the role of the chacra in peasant livelihood portfolios, I consider …
Variation In Mating Dynamics Across Five Species Of Leiobunine Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opliones), Kasey D. Fowler-Finn, Sarah L. Boyer, Raine Ikagawa, Timothy Jeffries, Penelope C. Kahn, Eva M. Larsen, Daniel Lee, Morgan Smeester
Variation In Mating Dynamics Across Five Species Of Leiobunine Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opliones), Kasey D. Fowler-Finn, Sarah L. Boyer, Raine Ikagawa, Timothy Jeffries, Penelope C. Kahn, Eva M. Larsen, Daniel Lee, Morgan Smeester
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Nuptial Gift Chemistry Reveals Convergent Evolution Correlated With Antagonism In Mating Systems Of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones), Penelope C. Kahn, Dennis D. Cao, Mercedes Burns, Sarah L. Boyer
Nuptial Gift Chemistry Reveals Convergent Evolution Correlated With Antagonism In Mating Systems Of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones), Penelope C. Kahn, Dennis D. Cao, Mercedes Burns, Sarah L. Boyer
Faculty Publications
Nuptial gifts are material donations given from male to female before or during copulation and are subject to sexual selection in a wide variety of taxa. The harvestman genus Leiobunum has emerged as a model system for understanding the evolution of reproductive morphology and behavior, as transitions between solicitous and antagonistic modes of courtship have occurred multiple times within the lineage and are correlated with convergence in genital morphology. We analyzed the free amino acid content of nuptial gift secretions from five species of Leiobunum using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Multivariate analysis of the free amino acid profiles revealed that, rather …
How To Be The Perfect Asian Wife!, Sophia Hill
How To Be The Perfect Asian Wife!, Sophia Hill
Art and Art History Honors Projects
“How to be the Perfect Asian Wife” critiques exploitative power systems that assault female bodies of color in intersectional ways. This work explores strategies of healing and resistance through inserting one’s own narrative of flourishing rather than surviving, while reflecting violent realities. Three large drawings mimic pervasive advertisement language and presentation reflecting the oppressive strategies used to contain women of color. Created with charcoal, watercolor, and ink, these 'advertisements' contrast with an interactive rice bag filled with comics of my everyday experiences. These documentations compel viewers to reflect on their own participation in systems of power.
Correcting For The Inconveniences Of Cultivation: Foraging As A Food Source In Southwestern Burkina Faso, Julia Deryn Morgan
Correcting For The Inconveniences Of Cultivation: Foraging As A Food Source In Southwestern Burkina Faso, Julia Deryn Morgan
Geography Honors Projects
Malnutrition is an important public health issue in Burkina Faso where 30 % of children are underweight for their age and 92% suffer from iron deficiency. Such statistics indicate that there is a significant lack of adequate nutrition in the country. With approximately 80% of the population employed in the agricultural sector, development projects have focused on increasing agricultural production and commercializing output to ameliorate poor nutrition. However, this strategy ignores the importance of local knowledge and food traditions, most notably by neglecting to acknowledge foraging as a significant source of food. To address this concern, I seek to understand …
Physical Principles Governing Colloidal Particle Deposition At Low Reynold’S Number: Applications To Microbial Biofilms, Sophia Wiedmann
Physical Principles Governing Colloidal Particle Deposition At Low Reynold’S Number: Applications To Microbial Biofilms, Sophia Wiedmann
Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy
Biofilms formed from the adhesion of microbes to a surface hold great relevance to public health and wastewater management. However, the physical principles underlying the attachment stage of biofilm formation, when individual microbes first come into contact with a substrate, are not well understood. Here I report on a model of colloidal particle attachment to a surface that incorporates the effects of diffusion, advection, gravity, and the hydrodynamic lift and drag forces experienced by polystyrene beads at low Reynold’s number. The simulation predicts attachment rates of 1.04x10^(-8)m/s, 0.73x10^(-8)m/s, and 1.29x10^(-8)m/s for beads of radius 0.25 µm, 0.55 µm, and 0.90 …
Repeated Hapten Exposure Induces Persistent Tactile Sensitivity In Mice Modeling Localized Provoked Vulvodynia, Tijana Martinov, Jasmine Landry, Hanna Mengistu, Jyothi Dhanwada, Charles J. Benck, Jacyln Kline, Beebie Boo, Linnea Swanson, Elena Tonc, Randy Daughters, Brian T. Fife, Devavani Chatterjea
Repeated Hapten Exposure Induces Persistent Tactile Sensitivity In Mice Modeling Localized Provoked Vulvodynia, Tijana Martinov, Jasmine Landry, Hanna Mengistu, Jyothi Dhanwada, Charles J. Benck, Jacyln Kline, Beebie Boo, Linnea Swanson, Elena Tonc, Randy Daughters, Brian T. Fife, Devavani Chatterjea
Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND:
Vulvodynia is a remarkably prevalent chronic pain condition of unknown etiology. Epidemiologic studies associate the risk of vulvodynia with a history of atopic disease. We used an established model of hapten-driven contact hypersensitivity to investigate the underlying mechanisms of allergy-provoked prolonged sensitivity to pressure.
METHODS:
We sensitized female ND4 Swiss mice to the hapten oxazolone on their flanks, and subsequently challenged them four days later with oxazolone or vehicle for ten consecutive days on the labia. We evaluated labiar sensitivity to touch, local mast cell accumulation, and hyperinnervation after ten challenges.
RESULTS:
Oxazolone-challenged mice developed significant tactile sensitivity that …
Examing The Effects Of Energy Deprivation On The Strength Model Of Self-Control: An Imposition Theory, Jiayin Qu
Psychology Honors Projects
The strength model of self control suggests exerting self-control consumes an energy resource that is depleted in subsequent tasks. Past research is equivocal whether such depletion happens and whether glucose can reverse it. We proposed an imposition theory to reconcile the contradiction: (1) energy deprivation is a prerequisite condition; (2) awareness of deprivation modulates the extent of depletion. The results suggested that rats showed more self-control depletion and performance across different conditions was more consistent when food deprived compared to when not. There was also a marginal effect of awareness of the deprivation.
Protein Adsorption Using A Lattice Toy Model, Ari J. Weiland
Protein Adsorption Using A Lattice Toy Model, Ari J. Weiland
Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy
Protein adsorption is an important subfield of Biophysics particularly relevant in medical science. Using a computational simulation with a basic but configurable two-dimensional square lattice model of approximate amino acid interactions, I investigated the entropic effects of protein adsorption on a weakly attractive surface. These simulations allow for a precise calculation of the partition functions of these complex systems, from which I can then analyze other thermodynamic properties.
The Influence Of Canine Aggression And Behavioral Treatment On Heart Rate Variability, Lydia Craig
The Influence Of Canine Aggression And Behavioral Treatment On Heart Rate Variability, Lydia Craig
Psychology Honors Projects
Dog aggression affects many, with nearly 5 million dog bites reported yearly in the United States alone. With the physical, emotional, and monetary costs of bites, it is of considerable interest to identify dogs that are likely to bite. One physiological measure that might serve as an index of aggression is heart rate variability (HRV), which refers to vagally mediated beat-to-beat change in heart rate. Low HRV has been associated with impaired emotional and behavioral regulation and stress in both humans and animals. To assess whether this measure corresponds with aggression in dogs, resting HRV was measured for dogs with …
Measuring Changes In Tactile Sensitivity In The Hind Paw Of Mice Using An Electronic Von Frey Apparatus, Tijana Martinov, Madison Mack, Akilah Sykes, Devavani Chatterjea
Measuring Changes In Tactile Sensitivity In The Hind Paw Of Mice Using An Electronic Von Frey Apparatus, Tijana Martinov, Madison Mack, Akilah Sykes, Devavani Chatterjea
Faculty Publications
Measuring inflammation-induced changes in thresholds of hind paw withdrawal from mechanical pressure is a useful technique to assess changes in pain perception in rodents. Withdrawal thresholds can be measured first at baseline and then following drug, venom, injury, allergen, or otherwise evoked inflammation by applying an accurate force on very specific areas of the skin. An electronic von Frey apparatus allows precise assessment of mouse hind paw withdrawal thresholds that are not limited by the available filament sizes in contrast to classical von Frey measurements. The ease and rapidity of measurements allow for incorporation of assessment of tactile sensitivity outcomes …
Tnf-Alpha Neutralizing Antibody Blocks Thermal Sensitivity Induced By Compound 48/80-Provoked Mast Cell Degranulation, Devavani Chatterjea, Luisa Paredes, Tijana Martinov, Evelyn Balsells, Juliann Allen, Akilah Sykes, Alyssa Ashbaugh
Tnf-Alpha Neutralizing Antibody Blocks Thermal Sensitivity Induced By Compound 48/80-Provoked Mast Cell Degranulation, Devavani Chatterjea, Luisa Paredes, Tijana Martinov, Evelyn Balsells, Juliann Allen, Akilah Sykes, Alyssa Ashbaugh
Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND:
Neuro-inflammatory circuits in the tissue regulate the complex pathophysiology of pain. Protective nociceptive pain serves as an early warning system against noxious environmental stimuli. Tissue-resident mast cells orchestrate the increased thermal sensitivity following injection of basic secretagogue compound 48/80 in the hind paw tissues of ND4 mice. Here we investigated the effects of pre-treatment with TNF-α neutralizing antibody on compound 48/80-provoked thermal hyperalgesia.
METHODS:
We treated ND4 Swiss male mice with intravenous anti-TNF-α antibody or vehicle 30 minutes prior to bilateral, intra-plantar compound 48/80 administration and measured changes in the timing of hind paw withdrawal observed subsequent to mice …
Science Fiction And The Myth Of Trajectory Evolution, Jocelyn D. Pickreign
Science Fiction And The Myth Of Trajectory Evolution, Jocelyn D. Pickreign
The Macalester Review
Stephen Jay Gould first proposed the idea of “iconographies of progress.” Today, one of the most prominent forms of progress iconography is the science fiction story. Science fiction as a genre frequently portrays evolution as a linear trajectory of increasing complexity, and in doing so, furthers a worldview that is not unlike the pre-Darwin understanding of human beings as both the center and the pinnacle of the natural world.
Contact Hypersensitivity To Oxazolone Provokes Vulvar Mechanical Hyperalgesia In Mice, Tijana Martinov, Rose Glenn-Finer, Sarah Burley, Elena Tonc, Evelyn Balsells, Alyssa Ashbaugh, Linnea Swanson, Randy S. Daughters, Devavani Chatterjea
Contact Hypersensitivity To Oxazolone Provokes Vulvar Mechanical Hyperalgesia In Mice, Tijana Martinov, Rose Glenn-Finer, Sarah Burley, Elena Tonc, Evelyn Balsells, Alyssa Ashbaugh, Linnea Swanson, Randy S. Daughters, Devavani Chatterjea
Faculty Publications
The interplay among pain, allergy and dysregulated inflammation promises to yield significant conceptual advances in immunology and chronic pain. Hapten-mediated contact hypersensitivity reactions are used to model skin allergies in rodents but have not been utilized to study associated changes in pain perception in the affected skin. Here we characterized changes in mechanical hyperalgesia in oxazolone-sensitized female mice challenged with single and repeated labiar skin exposure to oxazolone. Female mice were sensitized with topical oxazolone on their flanks and challenged 1-3 times on the labia. We then measured mechanical sensitivity of the vulvar region with an electronic pressure meter and …
Debrazza’S Monkeys (Cercopithecus Neglectus) In A Mixed-Taxa Zoo Exhibit: Effects On The Behavior Of A Breeding Group Of Debrazza’S Monkeys After The Birth Of An Infant, Rachel Diamond
Psychology Honors Projects
Historically, zoos rarely feature mixed taxa exhibits including multiple primate species; the Minnesota Zoo opened such a unique four-species exhibit featuring Rock hyraxes, Red River hogs, Colobus monkeys, and DeBrazza’s monkeys in May, 2010. Because of potential problems associated with territoriality and aggression, primates in mixed-taxa exhibits are generally non-breeding. However, the DeBrazza’s monkeys at the MN Zoo are a breeding pair with a juvenile offspring. The intent of this study was to design an ethogram with the purpose of calculating the effects of a mixed taxa exhibit on the behavior of this breeding group, and to compare their behavior …
Effect Of Visual Input On Vowel Production In English Speakers, Amanda C. Richardson
Effect Of Visual Input On Vowel Production In English Speakers, Amanda C. Richardson
Linguistics Honors Projects
This study analyzes whether there should be a visual component to a model of speech perception and production by comparing the jaw opening, advancement, and rounding of American English and non-English vowels in the presence and absence of a visual stimulus. Surprisingly, jaw opening did not change production, but the presence of the visual stimulus was found to be a significant factor in participants’ vowel advancement for non-English vowels. This may be explained by lip rounding, but requires further research in order to develop a full understanding of the impact of visual input on vowel production to be used in …
The Effects Of Handedness And Bilateral Saccadic Eye Movements On False Alarms In Recognition Memory, Lisa Weinberg
The Effects Of Handedness And Bilateral Saccadic Eye Movements On False Alarms In Recognition Memory, Lisa Weinberg
Psychology Honors Projects
Handedness can be used as a marker for interhemispheric interaction, which can produce memory benefits. Bilateral saccadic eye movements can be used to manipulate levels of interhemispheric interaction. This study measured the effects of handedness and bilateral saccadic eye movement on memory using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm. This study predicted a memory advantage for left-handers and mixed-handers without eye movements and an advantage for right-handers with the eye movements. The results do not support these predictions but do suggest that handedness is a factor in episodic memory performance. The analyses for this study were run using A’ to compare false alarm …
Mental Imagery And Basketball: A Comparison Of Cognitive-Specific And Flow Imagery, Evan Welo
Mental Imagery And Basketball: A Comparison Of Cognitive-Specific And Flow Imagery, Evan Welo
Psychology Honors Projects
Flow is a psychological state that is associated with optimal performance. Sports such as basketball are conducive to an individual experiencing flow because they have rules that structure and focus attention. Past research indicates that sports related mental imagery practice improves athletic performance; however few studies to date have systematically included the characteristics of flow in their sports mental imagery interventions. The present study compared the efficacy of a ―flow‖ and a standard basketball mental imagery intervention at improving performance on a basketball-shooting task. No significant differences were found between groups, but both reported increases in flow experiences.