Life Sciences Commons^™

Nanoparticles As Antioxidant Agents: A Comprehensive Review, Sulyman Olalekan Ibrahim, Halimat Yusuf Lukman, Fatimat Ronke Abdulkadir, Monsurat Yemisi Bello, Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo, Halimah Funmilayo Babamale, Marili Funmilayo Zubair, Olubunmi Atolani

Al-Bahir Journal for Engineering and Pure Sciences

This study seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in the antioxidant properties of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising tool in several domains of science and industry, including their application as antioxidant agents. The main knowledge gaps seem to be in correctly identifying the make-up of the naturally occurring phytochemicals that give these nano-antioxidants their extraordinary pharmacology and drug-like properties. In many instances, that characterization is done using spectroscopy instrumentation such as fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). From literature appraisals, it was discovered that a lot of …

A Drug's Life: The Untapped Potential Of Secondary Pharmacology Studies In Drug Development, Christina Scott

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

The United States Food and Drug Administration has evolved over the past century to regulate new medicine and protect the public from harmful or ineffective drugs. Drug development and testing science have advanced rapidly alongside the FDA’s increased regulation, enabling pharmaceutical companies to assess a drug's potential adverse reactions by studying its reactivity with various proteins called "off-target receptors." Off-target proteins are often screened and reported in the Investigational New Drug Application as a percentage indicating the drug's binding strength to each protein, which suggests the strength of a particular adverse drug effect. Adverse drug effects often lead to unfavorable …

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna Giberson

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

(R2071) Global Stability Analysis Of Chikv Dynamics Model With Adaptive Immunity And Distributed Time Delays, Taofeek O. Alade, Samson Olaniyi, Hassan A. Idris, Yaqoob Al Rahbi, Mohammad Alnegga

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The application of mathematical biology and dynamical systems has proven to be an effective approach for studying viral infection models. To contribute to this research, our paper proposes a new CHIKV model that takes into account an adaptive immune response and distributed time delays, which accurately reflects the time lag between initial viral contacts and the production of new active CHIKV particles. By analyzing the model’s qualitative behavior, we establish a biological threshold number that can predict whether CHIKV will be cleared from or persist in the body. We demonstrate the global stability of both CHIKV-present and CHIKV-free steady states …

Provisioning The 21st Century City: Community And School Gardens As Food Centers, Charleen L. Kepner

Anthós

This essay explores the potential impact of urban agriculture and community gardens as sources of education and sustainable and environmentally-sound food production. Using an analysis of case studies and academic research, I argue for the viability of community gardens and urban agriculture as educational hubs and future food production sources. I examine previous research which shows that small scale effort can make lasting impacts in communities. I argue that the research is promising as it highlights that the efforts of people in their everyday lives, can and do contribute to positive change. This essay contributes to the ongoing discussion of …

Synthesis Of Dyes Sulfamidazole: Characterization, Evaluation, Molecular Docking And Global Descriptors By Density Functional Theory (Dft)., Athra G. Sager, Jawad Kadhim Abaies, Zeena R. Katoof

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In the present work, novel azo compounds of sulfamidazole were created via the reaction of diazonium salt of sulfamidazole with several aromatic molecules including (resorcinol, 2-nitro phenol, 3-nitro phenol, and 4-nitro phenol)) (Z1–Z4). The new compounds (Z1-Z4) were identified using FTIR, ¹HNMR techniques, in addition to melting point measurements. The biological activity of compounds (Z1-Z4) was studied against four kinds of bacteria including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus. The findings showed that all compounds (Z1-Z4) were active against the examined bacteria. Theoretical studies of the antibacterial ability of the prepared compound against DNA gyrase enzyme …

Agent-Based Modeling For The Neophyte: An Application Of Netlogo, Olcay Akman, Siddharth Bhumpelli, Christopher Hay-Jahans

Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics

Agent-based modeling has found applications in a wide range of fields including economics, sociology, ecology, epidemiology, transportation planning, and more. Its versatility allows researchers to investigate various “what-if” scenarios, test the effects of different policies or interventions, and gain insights into the underlying mechanisms driving complex systems. This article is intended for the curious student or researcher who is unfamiliar with agent based modeling, and is looking for a quick but reasonably informative exposure to the field.

Comparative Analysis Of Doxycycline And Ayurvedic Herbs To Target Metastatic Breast Cancer: An In-Silico Approach, Acharya Balkrishna, Rashmi Mittal, Rohan Malik, Hariom Verma, Kuldeep Singh Mehra, Hariom Chaturvedi, Okeshwar Okeshwar, Swami Ishdev, Ajay Kumar, Vedpriya Arya

BioMedicine

Background: Metastasis of breast cancer cells to distant sites including lungs, liver, lymph node, brain and many more have substantially affected the overall survival outcome and distant metastasis free survival rate amongst the diseased individuals. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies were carried out to determine the potency of vigorous inhibitors but they extensively deteriorated the patient’s quality of life. Hence, there exists an urgent need to explore potent natural remedy to fight against metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: Ayurvedic medicinal plants documented in literature for their ability to fight against breast cancer was screened and their respective active moieties were evaluated …

In Vitro And In Silico Evaluation Of Andrographis Paniculata Ethanolic Crude Extracts On 3 Fatty Acid Synthase Expression On Breast Cancer Cells, Nur Amanina Johari, Nur Anisa Sapi’I, Alvin Lu Jiunn Hieng, Nurriza Ab Latif, Syazwani Itri Amran, Rosnani Hasham, Khairunadwa Jemon

BioMedicine

Background Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway has been identified to be overexpressed in breast cancer. This overexpression has been affiliated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapeutics. Consequently, FASN has come into focus as an appealing potential target for breast cancer treatment. Available FASN inhibitors, however, are unstable and have been correlated with adverse side effects. Objective This present study aims to investigate the potential of Andrographis paniculata ethanolic crude extract (AP) as a potent FASN inhibitor in breast cancer cells. Materials & Methods This study used MTT assay and flow …

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Doped Curcumin-Assisted Recovery Of Rheumatoid Arthritis And Antioxidant Status In Experimental Rabbits, Shanza Azeez, Mishal Fatima, Ouz Gul, Huzaifa Rehman, Muhammad Aslam Shad, Haq Nawaz

BioMedicine

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and synovial joint destruction.

Aims: The current study investigated the possible beneficial effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles-doped curcumin (ZnONPs-DC) on the recovery of RA and antioxidant status of experimental rabbits.

Methods: RA was induced in experimental rabbits by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant and collagen type-II emulsion (100 µL/kg body weight) in the base of their tail. Arthritic rabbits were orally treated with ZnONPs, curcumin, and ZnONPs-DC (250 µL/kg body weight). Serum samples from the control and study groups were collected before and after RA induction and after treatment. …

Protection Of Gueichih-Fuling-Wan On Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Brain Injury In Rodents Is Mediated By Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Via Inhibition Of Neuroinflammation And Apoptosis, Yuh-Fung Chen, Kuo-Jen Wu, Chi-Chung Kuo, Huei-Yann Tsai

BioMedicine

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of patients with cerebral ischemiainduced brain injury is lacking. Traditional Chinese medicine with neuroprotective activities might be beneficial and provide alternative therapeutic opportunities for cerebral ischemia.Purposes: This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotection and possible mechanisms of Gueichih-Fuling-Wan (GFW), its’ constitutive herbs, and their active compounds on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in rodents.Methods: Various doses of extracts (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg) of GFW and five constituent herbs (Cinnamomi Cortex, CC; Poria cocos, PC; Paeonia lactifloa, PL; Paeonia suffruticosa, PS …

Glutaminase - A Potential Target For Cancer Treatment, Josephine Anthony, Sureka Varalakshmi, Ashok Kumar Sekar, Nalini Devarajan, Balamurugan Janakiraman, Rajendran Peramaiyan

BioMedicine

The overexpression of glutaminase is reported to influence cancer growth and metastasis through glutaminolysis. Upregulation of glutamine catabolism is recently recognized as a critical feature of cancer, and cancer cells are observed to reprogram glutamine metabolism to maintain its survival and proliferation. Special focus is given on the glutaminase isoform, GLS1 (kidney type glutaminase), as the other isoform GLS2 (Liver type glutaminase) acts as a tumour suppressor in some conditions. Glutaminolysis linked with autophagy, which is mediated via mTORC1, also serves as a promising target for cancer therapy. Glutamine also plays a vital role in maintaining redox homeostasis. Inhibition of …

Unveiling The Power Of Flavonoids: A Dynamic Exploration Of Their Impact On Cancer Through Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulation, Peramaiyan Rajendran

BioMedicine

Cancer is a prominent contributor to mortality rates globally, with its progression and spread being the primary factors underlying this assertion. Despite advancements in cancer therapy, the existing therapeutic strategies are rendered useless as a result of their toxicity and the development of chemoresistance. Hence, it is imperative to assess alternate therapy modalities, and natural compounds present a promising prospect due to their demonstrated anticancer capabilities in several research models. This article provides an overview of the regulatory mechanisms involved in the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and explores the potential therapeutic function of flavonoids as agents with anticancer activity that …

Phytochemical Composition Of Clinacanthus Nutans Based On Factors Of Environment, Genetics And Postharvest Processes: A Review, Nurul Hamizah Sabindo, Rusidah Mat Yatim, Kannan Thirumulu Ponnuraj

BioMedicine

Herpes simplex, varicella-zoster lesions, skin rashes, diabetes, snake bites and insect bites have all been treated by using Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans). The pharmacological effects of C. nutans are influenced by the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, saponins, glycosides, steroids and tannins. This review focused on the phytochemical makeup, which varies geographically and is a subject of scarcely existing knowledge. C. nutans served as the primary search term, while the keywords “phytochemicals”, “chemical component” and “phytochemistry” were used to search the literature in the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The articles pertinent to the …

Monetary Condition Index And Its Relation With Other Macroeconomic Variables: An Empirical Study In Selected Mena Countries, Jinan Jihad Kassem

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

This article aims to construct a monetary condition index (MCI) for five countries in the MENA region, namely Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco, in order to interpret the stance of monetary policy in these countries. A broad MCI has been constructed by combining two transmission channels of monetary policy, the real interest rate and the real effective exchange rate, along with bank credit to the private sector. These three indicators of the monetary conditions are collected for these countries over the period 1995–2020 for all countries except for Bahrain, which has data from 1995 to 2015. Principal component analysis …

Effect Of Social Media On Shaping The Agenda Of The Communicator In The Jordanian Tv Channels, Amer Khaled Ahmad Dr, Hamza Mohammad Nahar, Maram Mohammad Naji Manajreh Dr

Middle East Journal of Communication Studies

The study aimed to assess the extent to which communicators at Jordanian television channels use social media platforms as an information source, and the impact of these platforms on their news and information selection priorities. This was achieved using a survey tool distributed on an equal quota sample of (150) communicators from Jordanian television channels (Jordan TV, AlMamlaka TV, Roya TV). The study found that all the study subjects used social media platforms as a source of information, with the "X platform (formerly Twitter)" being the most used platform. The statement "understanding the audience's interests and preferences to produce tailored …

Innovation In Bioinformatics: Recent Tools, Database And Involvement Of Artificial Intelligence, Aziz Ahmed, Mohd Shuaib, Abdulbasid Banga, Rizwan Ahmad

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics has evolved in recent years into a crucial subject and a well-liked research area that is interconnected with many approaches and disciplines. The capacity of bioinformatics and its approaches to tackle challenging biological problems and promote research and development. There are various tools and database which are used in bioinformatics. AI is the capacity of a computational system to carry out various activities associated with intellectual beings and as a computer system's imitation of human intelligence processes. The bioinformatics applications with artificial intelligence have the capacity to annotate the data in the direction of logical conclusions. By combining AI …

Comparative Study On Nutrition Knowledge And Consumption Of Dietary Supplements Among Athletes And Fitness Practitioners, Chandana K N, Syeda Farha S, Pallavi R, Veena Bm

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Background: The use of dietary supplements, in the form of protein powders, branched chain amino-aids, multi-vitamins and minerals is widespread in the field of nutrition, fitness and aesthetics to boost nutrition levels, enhance athletic performance or assist in weight loss. The present survey was carried out to study the nutritional knowledge and consumption of dietary supplements among athletes and gym-goers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among athletes and gym-goers (n=100) selected from various gym and stadium in the city of Mysore using semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Results: The knowledge and consumption of dietary supplements was higher among gym-goers when compared …

Smartpaddle® As A New Monitoring Feature: A Comparison Between Inertial Measurement Unit- And Strain Gauge-Based Devices On Tethered Swimming Forces., Joao Octavio Campos, Felipe Ribeiro, Gabriel L. Pereira, Marcelo Papoti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(6): 670-681, 2024. Smartpaddle^® is a novel wearable device based on inertial measurement units (IMU) for in-field arm-stroke kinetics and kinematics analysis in swimming. However, the lack of data regarding its agreement and reliability, coupled with restricted access to raw data, emphasizes the need to evaluate it against a well-established strain gauge (SG) reference method for assessing swimming forces. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the agreement and reliability between the Smartpaddle^® and strain gauge in a 30-s all-out arms-only tethered swimming test. Twelve trained young adult swimmers performed a test-retest 30-s all-out …

Shoulder Taps: Relationships Between A New Movement Screening Assessment With Body Composition And Physical Fitness In Law Enforcement Recruits, Caitlyn E. Heredia, J. Jay Dawes, Joseph Dulla, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, Robert G. Lockie

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(4): 702-719, 2024. The overhead squat, as part of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), can analyze total- and lower-body mechanics. Shoulder taps, which incorporates a push-up position and challenges shoulder, trunk, and hip stability, may identify movement deficiencies indicated by multiple FMS actions which could be useful for law enforcement recruits. This study determined overhead squat and shoulder taps relationships, associations between these screens with body composition and fitness, and differences in body composition and fitness according to overhead squat/shoulder taps scores in recruits by sex. Retrospective analysis was conducted on 202 recruit datasets (158 …

Β-Alanine Plus Sodium Bicarbonate Co-Supplementation Does Not Decrease Neuromuscular Fatigue In Swimming, Felipe Alves Ribeiro, Danilo Rodrigues Bertucci, Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho, Tarine Botta De Arruda, Matheus Silva Norberto, Giovanni Loureiro Raspantini, Ellen Cristini De Freitas, Alessandro Moura Zagatto, Marcelo Papoti

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(2): 648-659, 2024. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic β-alanine (βA) plus acute sodium bicarbonate (SB) co-supplementation on neuromuscular fatigue during high-intensity intermittent efforts in swimming. Eleven regional and national competitive-level young swimmers performed a neuromuscular fatigue assessment before and immediately after two 20 × 25-m front crawl maximal efforts every 90 s, performed at pre- and post-4-week co-supplementation. Neuromuscular fatigue was evaluated by percutaneous electrical stimuli through the twitch interpolation technique on the triceps brachii and quadriceps femoris. Performance was defined by the mean time of the 20 efforts and …

Does Box Height Matter? A Comparative Analysis Of Box Height On Box Jump Performance In Men And Women, Marcel Lopes Dos Santos, Jocarol Shields, Ricardo Berton, Taylor K. Dinyer-Mcneely, Michael Trevino, Olivia Anderson, J. Jay Dawes

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 720-729, 2024. This study aimed to analyze the effect of box height on box jump performance among recreationally active college students. Fourteen males (age = 20.8 ± 4.1 years, height = 178.3 ± 6.3 cm, weight = 82.3 ± 13.0 kg) and seventeen females (age = 20.8 ± 2.1 years, height = 167.1 ± 5.5 cm, weight = 64.5 ± 7.4 kg) completed box jumps at five different box heights that corresponded to 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80% of their maximal box jump height. Variables of interest included peak force, rate of force …

Improvements In Postural Stability, Dynamic Balance And Strength Following 12 Weeks Of Online Ballet-Modern Dance Classes For Older Women., Emma Hsiaowen Chen, Andreas Bergdahl, Mary Roberts

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 682-701, 2024. Falls are the leading cause of injury-related deaths among older adults and affect women at disproportionate rates. Dance has been used to improve postural stability, balance confidence and strength of older adults, but in-person classes are often inaccessible. This quasi-experimental pre-mid-post design study investigates whether 12 weeks of online dance classes can improve postural stability, dynamic balance and strength of women aged 65 plus. 16 participants (median=74 years, IQR=6) recruited via convenience sampling completed 12 weeks of twice weekly 75-minute online dance classes. In-person pre, mid and post assessments used 30-second trials …

Comparison Of Different Take-Off Thresholds When Assessing Vertical Jump Performance, J. Chadwick Smith, Hugh Lamont, Madeleine Barefoot

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 660-669, 2024. Reliably determining vertical jump (VJ) take-off on a force plate is crucial when identifying performance-related biomechanical factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare several take-off thresholds (20 N, 10 N, 5 N, 1 N, five standard deviations above an unloaded force plate (5SD), and peak residual force (PkRes) produced when the force plate was unloaded) in terms of jump height (JH), movement time (MT), reactive strength index modified (RSImod), net impulse (netIMP), and propulsive impulse (prIMP). Twenty-one participants performed five countermovement VJs on a force plate. All thresholds were …

Novel In Situ Synthesis Of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles In Epoxy Network: Kinetics, Composite Mechanical And Dielectric Properties, Elena Bobina, Maxim Danilaev, Safaa.M.R.H. Hussein, Sergey Karandashov, Vladimir Kuklin, Ivan Lounev, Konstantin Faizullin

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

>Mechanical properties of polymer composites with dispersed nanoparticles (CDNP) depend on interaction between the nanoparticles and the polymer matrix. Strength of polymer composites significantly decreases when there is no interaction between dispersed nanoparticles and the polymer. This limits the application of functional polymer composites with dispersed nanoparticles. In this study, CDNP based on ED-20 epoxy resin with dispersed copper oxide nanoparticles was obtained.These nanoparticles were synthesized in epoxy resin before curing: the nanoparticles were obtained by decomposition of copper hydroxide by heating its solution in ED-20 resin.The kinetics of copper oxide nanoparticles formation in CDNP samples were studied using two …

Elm And Lightgbm: A Hybrid Machine Learning Technique With Intelligent Iot To Predict The Cardiovascular Disease, Gorapalli Srinivasa Rao, G Muneeswari

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Cardiologists can more accurately classify a patient's condition by performing an accurate diagnostic and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The clinical diagnosis, and therapies processes within the medical field have been substantially accelerated by ML-based approaches enabled by IoT-based systems. This structure is based on IoT-based system with enabled ML approach. This study investigates an approach known as ensemble categorization, which enhances the precision of weak algorithms by integrating multiple classifiers. For effective CVD classification, we utilized Ensemble learning machine (ELM) and Light GBM. The appropriate traits are chosen to speed up the categorization process using the Gorilla Troops Optimizer …

Brain Science And Brain-Inspired Intelligence In Intelligent Era, Xu Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With intelligence technology as the core technology and intelligent computing power as the productive force, the intelligent era has once again pushed brain science to the forefront of world science and technology. Brain science is the science that studies the nature and rule of cognition and intelligence of human, animal, and machine. A comprehensive analysis of the structure and functional connection rule of the nervous system will eventually draw the functional connectivity map of the brain. In the past decade, neuroscience research has been committed to systematically analyzing the types of neurons and neural structural connections of the nervous system, …

Big Life-Science: Study Of Omics From Microscopic To Mesoscopic Scales, Jiarui Wu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The human genome project at the turn of the century opened a new era of life science research and formed various omics characterized by holistic high-throughput research. The initial omics research was mainly carried out at the molecular level, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, etc., showing a new paradigm of data-driven research. With the development of research technologies, the omics research has risen to the mesoscopic level, the representative is the “Human Cell Atlas” project launched in 2017. At present, researchers have been able to carry out omics research at the level of tissues, organs, and even individuals, and resulted …

Synthetic Biology Enablement: From Academic Development To Industrial Transformation, Yan Xiong, Xueqing Ma, Daming Chen, Xiao Liu, Guoping Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Synthetic biology revolutionizes the comprehension of life systems from an engineering perspective, employing a “bottomup” approach in life science research. It adopts an iterative research paradigm of “design-build-test-learn” in life science research and creates engineered new life systems grounded in genomics and systems biology. This provides a new pathway of “from creation to understanding” for life sciences, departing from the traditional reductionist research strategy of “study the whole to understand the parts” and opening up a new culture of “building to understand” the essence of life. Additionally, synthetic biology elevates existing biotechnologies previously based on “simulating natural processes” and “genetic …

Advances In Data-Driven Life Sciences Research, Haiping Jiang, Chunchun Gao, Wenhao Liu, Yungui Yang, Xin Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The field of life sciences is rapidly evolving, driven by advancements in experimental techniques and vast biological big data which gradually arise and play an increasingly important role in life science research. First of all, biological big data has diversity and complexity, including genomic data, epigenomic data, proteomic data and other types. These data provide researchers with more comprehensive information and help reveal the laws behind life phenomena. Second, new data-driven developments and applications in life sciences cover many fields such as gene editing, precision medicine, drug development, etc., providing unprecedented possibilities for human health and quality of life. However, …