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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Genetic And Morphological Diversity Along Altitudinal Gradients In The Genus Rhoadsia (Teleostei: Characidae: Rhoadsiinae), Grace Malato
Genetic And Morphological Diversity Along Altitudinal Gradients In The Genus Rhoadsia (Teleostei: Characidae: Rhoadsiinae), Grace Malato
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
The Neotropics have the highest fish species diversity of any area in the world, with some experts estimating that as many as 4000 species of fishes are present in freshwater ecosystems. Elevational gradients are partially responsible for this diversity due to the rapidly changing ecological conditions associated with changes in altitude in rivers. One area where elevational gradients are particularly important is Western Ecuador; this region forms part of a biodiversity hotspot extending south from Panama along the western side of the Andes. Fish species diversity is relatively low because of the small size of most of the river drainages …
Effects Of Multiple Species On Motility In Diatom Assemblages, Amanda L. Wolske
Effects Of Multiple Species On Motility In Diatom Assemblages, Amanda L. Wolske
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Diatoms are unicellular algae that, like other phototrophs, depend on light in order to survive. Many diatoms are known to have regulated motile responses to light, giving them a competitive advantage in their complex community, often containing many other species of algae. In order for similar diatom species to coexist in the same assemblage it is thought that each species will resource partition; a behavioral response that allows closely related species to be successful and cohabitate by using slightly different resources. Many experiments have demonstrated that other organisms exhibit this behavior, although the effect of co-existing diatom species on motility …
Physiological Effects Of Aquatic Hypercarbia On Seawater Acclimation In The White Sturgeon (Acipenser Transmontanus), Ciaran A.S. Shaughnessy
Physiological Effects Of Aquatic Hypercarbia On Seawater Acclimation In The White Sturgeon (Acipenser Transmontanus), Ciaran A.S. Shaughnessy
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Migratory fishes encounter a variety of environmental conditions throughout their life, including changes in salinity, temperature, and dissolved gases. It is important to understand how these fishes are able to acclimate to simultaneous environmental stressors. This thesis examined the physiological interaction of elevated dissolved CO2 (an acid-base disturbance) on osmoregulation during seawater acclimation (an ionoregulatory disturbance) in juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). Many ion transport mechanisms at the gill involved with acid-base compensation are also required for the regulation of plasma Na+ and Cl+, the predominant extracellular ions. Thus, the interaction between iono- and acid-base regulation has been hypothesized. In …
Fall 2015
Scientia
Prairie prep; Chicago Wildsounds listens for ecosystem health; Up, up and away; Fulbright Travelogue: Health care in Fortaleza, Brazil; New course explores the Pope's encyclical on the environment; A "scent-sational" career in the flavor and fragrance industry; Lab notes; Paying tribute
Retinoic Acid Regulation Of Aromatase Expression In The Ovary, Sarah Persaud
Retinoic Acid Regulation Of Aromatase Expression In The Ovary, Sarah Persaud
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
Retinoic acid is the active derivative of vitamin-A in the body. Retinoic acid is essential in normal embryonic development, and studies from the Kipp laboratory have also demonstrated its importance in the developing ovary. Aromatase, encoded by the gene Cyp19a1, is an enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens, and is primarily expressed in the granulosa cells of the ovary. Previous studies have suggested that retinoic acid influences aromatase expression in a few different tissue types; however, how retinoic acid may regulate aromatase expression in the ovary is not known. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the role …
Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Flux In A Restored Tallgrass Prairie; Does Chamber Material Matter?, Peter L. Mccollam
Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Flux In A Restored Tallgrass Prairie; Does Chamber Material Matter?, Peter L. Mccollam
DePaul Discoveries
Tallgrass prairie ecosystems play a vital role in the carbon cycle; their restoration may be an important component of mitigating future climate change. To quantify the biosphere-to-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases, enclosure based chamber systems are frequently used because they are simple and inexpensive to construct, and can be easily replicated in a variety of ecosystems. We tested for differences between paired PVC and galvanized steel chambers in methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide emissions within a restored prairie at Nachusa Grasslands in June and July 2014. We found that there were no significant differences between PVC and steel chambers …
Generation And Assessment Of Muscular Mutations In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Katie N. Reget
Generation And Assessment Of Muscular Mutations In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Katie N. Reget
DePaul Discoveries
A study of egg laying muscular mutations in C. elegans was conducted over a span of ten weeks. Parent (EGL-19) and wild type (N2) were exposed to mutagenesis and integration mutation techniques to generate genetic and physical different mutants. Overall, four genetic, physical and phenotypically unique worms were generated for the process of mutagenesis. The worms used in the process of integration were found to have shortened life spans, reduced size and decrease numbers of progeny.
Predictors Of Money Spent On Drugs In Substance Users, Simona Ciobotaru
Predictors Of Money Spent On Drugs In Substance Users, Simona Ciobotaru
DePaul Discoveries
Financial need is a major stressor for individuals who are reentering the community after substance abuse and/or incarceration. Family members and friends make up a great majority the support networks from which reentering people can receive financial support. However, that financial support could possibly contribute to drug use when the individual is actively using. The goal of this study was to further understand the implications of material and financial support specifically being transmitted from family members. This study looks at psychosocial predictors in relation to money spent on drugs in the last 30 days of 270 individuals entering substance abuse …
Predation In A Natural Community Of Marine Mollusks: Using Morphology To Determine Predator-Prey Ecology, Danielle N. Araiza, Erica Valdez
Predation In A Natural Community Of Marine Mollusks: Using Morphology To Determine Predator-Prey Ecology, Danielle N. Araiza, Erica Valdez
DePaul Discoveries
Predatory gastropod mollusks in the family Naticidae feed on bivalve mollusks and leave distinctive markings in the form of countersunk circular boreholes on the shells. These boreholes possess both an inner borehole diameter (IBD) and an outer borehole diameter (OBD) which are proportional to the size of the predator. It has been proposed that the ratio of IBD to OBD can be used to identify predator species. Variation in the ratio of the IBD to OBD was examined in two prey species (Dwarf surf clam, Incongruous ark clam) collected from Otter Island beach in South Carolina to determine if clams …
Size-, Side- And Site-Related Predation Of Naticid Gastropods On Dwarf Surf Clams (Mulinia Lateralis) And Incongruous Ark Clams (Anadara Brasiliana) On The Atlantic Coast, Erica Valdez, Danielle N. Araiza
Size-, Side- And Site-Related Predation Of Naticid Gastropods On Dwarf Surf Clams (Mulinia Lateralis) And Incongruous Ark Clams (Anadara Brasiliana) On The Atlantic Coast, Erica Valdez, Danielle N. Araiza
DePaul Discoveries
Naticid gastropods are common predatory mollusks in marine systems where they feed on bivalve mollusks. Predation involves boring a hole through the shell of the prey, which provides the opportunity for beach collections of shells to be used to determine feeding preferences of predators in nature. We examined whether naticids exhibited preferences for prey size, valve side (left vs. right) and valve site (location on the shell) and whether these preferences differed between prey species (Mulinia lateralis, dwarf surf clam; Anadara brasiliana, incongruous ark clam). Random samples of A.brasiliana and M.lateralis were collected from Otter Island, …
Phosphorylation Of Gap-43 And The Effect On App Processing, Kaitlynn Tracy, Eric Norstrom
Phosphorylation Of Gap-43 And The Effect On App Processing, Kaitlynn Tracy, Eric Norstrom
DePaul Discoveries
The phosphorylation of Growth Associated Protein may affect the rate of interaction between GAP-43 and the Amyloid Precursor Protein. By synthesizing mutants of the GAP-43 protein, the amount of C-terminal fragments of APP that results from the interaction could be observed under various conditions. The two mutants, S41A and S41D, and the wild type GAP-43 were both co-expressed with APP in moues neuroblastoma cells and analyzed on a Western blot. The mutant used to block phosphorylation showed a greater rate of interaction with APP, while the mutant that was created to mimic the effect of phosphorylation showed less interaction. Further …
The Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Leishmania Amazonensis Promastigotes, Debra Eluobaju
The Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Leishmania Amazonensis Promastigotes, Debra Eluobaju
DePaul Discoveries
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the parasite Leishmania. The disease causes lesions to the skin and face; when visceral it becomes fatal to its host. Leishmanias are transmitted through the female blood-sucking sand fly into its mammalian host, where it infects macrophages. Within the macrophages, Leishmania differentiates from a motile, rod shaped, nonvirulent promastigotes to a non-motile, spherical shaped, virulent amastigotes. Differentiation is due to the high temperature of the mammalian host body, in addition to the low pH of the macrophage. In vitro, the cells are differentiated in Graces medium (pH 5.3) at 33◦C. I investigated whether …
Knowledge Of Clinical Measures And Healthcare Adherence In Young Gay And Bisexual Men Living With Hiv/Aids, Harry A. Persaud, Douglas Bruce
Knowledge Of Clinical Measures And Healthcare Adherence In Young Gay And Bisexual Men Living With Hiv/Aids, Harry A. Persaud, Douglas Bruce
DePaul Discoveries
Knowledge of HIV/AIDS test results and adherence to healthcare interventions are two important outcomes that reflect proper HIV/AIDS management. This study aimed to determine which demographic and HIV acceptance measures were significantly associated with health literacy and adherence indicators in young MSM. 200 HIV/AIDS positive young MSM completed computer based surveys regarding demographics, HIV/AIDS health literacy indicators, and HIV/AIDS acceptance measures. It was found that young African American MSM, in comparison to young white MSM, had lower odds of knowing both viral load and CD4 measures; health literacy indicators. Further, participants who had a high school diploma were found to …
The Effects Of Environmental Factors On Bromeliad Invertebrate Biodiversity, Maya E. Navarro
The Effects Of Environmental Factors On Bromeliad Invertebrate Biodiversity, Maya E. Navarro
DePaul Discoveries
Bromeliaceae is a family of Neotropical plants that retain water between leaves of a rosette arrangement. Each water-retaining tank is referred to as a phytotelma. This particular system is important to consider in the understanding of biodiversity because it creates an ecosystem of its own, providing a habitat for many invertebrates and larvae. In this study, the relationship between environmental factors such as water quality and the biodiversity of invertebrates in epiphytic bromeliads was examined in two different settings. Sample sizes of ten bromeliads were taken from the primary and secondary forests of the Las Cruces Biological Station in Coto …
Ecosystem Services Of Prairie Wolf Slough: Quantifying Carbon Storage, Megan L. Hoff
Ecosystem Services Of Prairie Wolf Slough: Quantifying Carbon Storage, Megan L. Hoff
DePaul Discoveries
This project is a case study of the benefits of a natural area in Highland Park, Illinois, Prairie Wolf Slough (PWS). A series of experiments were set up to quantify the carbon storage potential of PWS. The results presented here provide an estimate of the aboveground biomass in the forest of PWS with a preliminary estimate of the stored carbon’s value. This is done using the social cost of carbon. It was found that species carbon storage differed based on the number of individuals for each species and their physical size. In addition, using the 2015 discount rate of 3%, …
Measuring Rates Of Atmospheric Phosphorus Deposition Into A Fresh Water Wetland, Cassandra Shah
Measuring Rates Of Atmospheric Phosphorus Deposition Into A Fresh Water Wetland, Cassandra Shah
DePaul Discoveries
No abstract provided.
Homelessness As A Determinant Of Health Disparities Between Young Gay And Bisexual Males In Chicago, Jaclyn M. Shea, Douglas Bruce
Homelessness As A Determinant Of Health Disparities Between Young Gay And Bisexual Males In Chicago, Jaclyn M. Shea, Douglas Bruce
DePaul Discoveries
There is limited research documenting health disparities between gay and bisexual males. This study aimed to examine the health behaviors and outcomes of young gay and bisexual males in Chicago, including substance use, mental health, and homelessness. Data was from a cross-sectional survey of 180 bisexual and gay males age 16-24. Bivariate results indicate that bisexual males experience higher rates of homelessness, daily marijuana use, depressive symptoms, lifetime gonorrhea and chlamydia. Logistic regression results reveal homelessness was significantly associated with marijuana use, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and depressive symptoms. Research on disparities within sexual minorities and homelessness are needed to better understand …
Chronic Inflammation As A Result Of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Review Of The Literature, Samantha L. Lane
Chronic Inflammation As A Result Of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Review Of The Literature, Samantha L. Lane
DePaul Discoveries
Approximately 170 million people are infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide5,6. It is estimated that roughly 80% of those infected suffer from persistent infection with the virus; this persistence of infection is progressive, and over time can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma7. Chronic inflammation and apoptotic deregulation are both hallmarks of chronic HCV infection, and many molecular pathways are initiated in both the innate and adaptive immune responses during infection with this viral pathogen. The aim of this review was to survey some of the major molecular mechanisms responsible for the induction of …
A Preliminary Study Of Soundscape Analysis As A Measurement Of Ecosystem Health, Veronica M. Jachowski, Lisa Kenny, Michelle Hauer, Andrew Kühn, Spencer Barrett
A Preliminary Study Of Soundscape Analysis As A Measurement Of Ecosystem Health, Veronica M. Jachowski, Lisa Kenny, Michelle Hauer, Andrew Kühn, Spencer Barrett
DePaul Discoveries
In this study, acoustic ecology, the analysis of soundscapes -- composed of geophony, biophony, and anthrophony -- is applied as a potential measurement of ecosystem health. Recordings were taken from four locations in the greater Chicago area. By combining traditional ecological assessments including soil analysis, worm density surveys, and vegetation surveys, and correlating the results with acoustic data we highlight the value of soundscape analysis and suggest lines of future inquiry.
A High-Altitude Balloon Platform For Determining Regional Uptake Of Carbon Dioxide Over Agricultural Landscapes, Angela M. Bouche
A High-Altitude Balloon Platform For Determining Regional Uptake Of Carbon Dioxide Over Agricultural Landscapes, Angela M. Bouche
DePaul Discoveries
Interactions between the biosphere and atmosphere are an important part of the global carbon cycle, and quantifying the carbon dioxide exchanges between them is helpful in predicting the uptake of carbon dioxide from anthropogenic sources by the biosphere in the future. In the Midwestern United States, agricultural systems cover a large part of the landscape, so understanding their role in influencing the global carbon budget is crucial as anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide grow larger. Carbon dioxide exchanges can be measured by eddy covariance at the ecosystem level (bottom-up approach) or regionally by inversion techniques (top-down approach). Here we describe …
Diol-Mediated Versus Water-Mediated Proton Transfer Reactions, Angela Moses
Diol-Mediated Versus Water-Mediated Proton Transfer Reactions, Angela Moses
DePaul Discoveries
The triple-proton-transfer reactions of 8H-1,8-naphthyridin-2-one (8H-naph) have been investigated by employing different ab initio quantum mechanical methods. The proton transfer reactions studied were facilitated through an adjacent 1,3-propanediol molecule or two adjacent water molecules. Identical proton transfer reactions were studied using a model system of 8H-naph to investigate the validity of computational approaches that use model systems to study more complex systems. The solvent effects on the structures were investigated for comparison to the initial gas phase calculations. The potential energy, reaction force, and work profiles were studied along the intrinsic reaction coordinate to monitor the developing proton transfer reactions.
Do Oaks With A Provenance Related To Warmer Climates Emit More Isoprene?, Elizabeth Carter
Do Oaks With A Provenance Related To Warmer Climates Emit More Isoprene?, Elizabeth Carter
DePaul Discoveries
The hydrocarbon isoprene plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in regards to air pollution and climate change. It is important to know why certain plant species emit isoprene and what factors affect its production in order to predict future air quality. Past research has indicated that isoprene aids in coping with heat stress, so it was hypothesized that source latitude (a proxy for climate) would significantly impact isoprene production by oaks grown in a common location. Twelve bur oaks collected from a latitudinal range (30-45˚) and raised at the Morton Arboretum were assayed for their isoprene emission rate …
Spring 2015
Scientia
Dean Koocher reveals six key questions guiding strategic planning at the college; Alumnus turns passion for sports and psychology into rewarding career; Associate Professor Paula Kagan on nursing, health care and social justice; New facilities excite and invigorate students and faculty; Lab notes; Psychology students, faculty and staff provide mental health services for high-need populations