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Articles 691 - 711 of 711
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
South Puget Sound Dissolved Oxygen Study: Water Quality Model Calibration And Scenarios, G. J. Pelletier, Anise Ahmed, Mindy Roberts, Andrew Kolosseus
South Puget Sound Dissolved Oxygen Study: Water Quality Model Calibration And Scenarios, G. J. Pelletier, Anise Ahmed, Mindy Roberts, Andrew Kolosseus
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Portions of South and Central Puget Sound are on the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list of impaired waters because observed dissolved oxygen measurements do not meet the Washington State water quality standards. Human sources of nutrients can increase algae growth, which can decrease oxygen as the additional organic matter decays. Low oxygen can impair fish and other marine life. Computer modeling tools are needed to isolate the impacts of human contributions. The purpose of this study is to identify how much human contributions are contributing to low dissolved oxygen (DO) in South Puget Sound. Previous reports summarize data collection, …
Spatial And Temporal Differences And Congener Content In Bulk Air Deposition Of Pcbs In The Green/Duwamish River Basin, Jenee Colton, Carly Greyell, Richard Jack
Spatial And Temporal Differences And Congener Content In Bulk Air Deposition Of Pcbs In The Green/Duwamish River Basin, Jenee Colton, Carly Greyell, Richard Jack
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
PCBs are a major contaminant of concern in the Lower Duwamish Waterway Superfund Site. King County wants to understand the relative contributions of atmospheric deposition to the Lower Duwamish Waterway. Thus, King County conducted a bulk air deposition study in 2011/2012 and a second study in 2013 to examine how PCB deposition varied with land use. Seven stations were passively sampled along a gradient of development from the Lower Duwamish River Valley to Enumclaw for metals, PAHs, PCBs and dioxin/furans; however, this presentation will focus on the PCB results. Samples were collected intermittently over approximately a year period for the …
The Sound Behavior Index: Tracking Long Term Environmental Behavior Change, Dave Ward
The Sound Behavior Index: Tracking Long Term Environmental Behavior Change, Dave Ward
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
With growing numbers of programs devoted to environmental behavior change, there is a corresponding need for measures of behavior change at a variety of scales. This presentation describes the “Sound Behavior Index”, an ongoing behavior change measure developed for the Puget Sound region. It tracks 28 residential-scale practices that can affect water quality and aquatic habitat. The index is based on a survey conducted every two years among a statistical sample of the region’s 4.5 million residents. It asks about specific, measurable, repetitive behaviors, that are driven by personal choice. The Sound Behavior Index distills the region’s environmental performance into …
The Pacific States – British Columbia Oil Spill Task Force, Sarah Brace
The Pacific States – British Columbia Oil Spill Task Force, Sarah Brace
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The Pacific States/British Columbia Oil Spill Task Force (Task Force) was formed as a result of the Nestucca barge incident in 1988 and the Exxon Valdez spill in 1989. The intention behind the formation of the Task Force was to coordinate, support and enhance oil spill prevention and response efforts across the West Coast. Over the past 25 years, the Task Force has help develop both national and regional policy on oil spill prevention and response, and also supported regional and local outreach efforts aimed as preventing spills from small boats, marinas, and recreational vessels. The Pacific Oil Spill Prevention …
Trophic Structure Of Pelagic Fish And Jellyfish Across Spatial And Seasonal Gradients In The Greater Puget Sound, Sean Naman, Correigh M. Greene, Casimir Alexander Rice, Linda Rhodes, Jason E. Hall, Joshua Chamberlin
Trophic Structure Of Pelagic Fish And Jellyfish Across Spatial And Seasonal Gradients In The Greater Puget Sound, Sean Naman, Correigh M. Greene, Casimir Alexander Rice, Linda Rhodes, Jason E. Hall, Joshua Chamberlin
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Recent analysis of community structure in the pelagic ecosystem of the greater Puget Sound has revealed a shift in species composition and abundance in some areas from those dominated by fish to those dominated gelatinous mesozooplankton (“jellyfish”). Unfortunately, the mechanisms behind these shifts are unclear due to a deficit of ecological understanding of this system. The analysis of foodweb structure, which reflects the flow of carbon and nutrients, is useful to complement composition and abundance information in order to understand the energetic processes underlying pelagic communities and why they may be changing. In this talk, we examine foodweb structure and …
Washington State Clean Vessel Program, Alan Wolslegel
Washington State Clean Vessel Program, Alan Wolslegel
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Washington State is a participant in the Clean Vessel Act (CVA) Matching Grant Program – the primary funding source for marine sewage pumpout equipment, services and education in the United States. Since 1992, United States’ waters have benefited from a nationwide network of over 6,000 pumpout stations, measurably diverting millions of gallons of raw sewage from direct overboard discharge to upland treatment facilities. In Washington over 4 million gallons of raw sewage were pumped out of recreational vessels in 2012 and possibly more in 2013. The goal of this presentation is three-fold, 1. provide an overview of the broader CVA …
Building Effectively Engaged Communities: The Citizen Action Training School Model, Rachel Benbrook
Building Effectively Engaged Communities: The Citizen Action Training School Model, Rachel Benbrook
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
One of the key challenges facing the regional Puget Sound recovery effort is the need to get communities engaged in local and regional governmental and regulatory processes to advocate for shoreline and watershed recovery. The Puget Sound area Regional Fisheries Enhancement Groups are implementing a new version of an old solution for this problem- the Citizen Action Training School (CATS- see www.rfeg.org/cats), funded for two years by the Puget Sound Partnership. CATS is a Sound-wide training program designed to create community leaders in support of local and regional Puget Sound Recovery efforts. CATS will educate participants about the regulatory process …
An Ecosystem Framework For Use In Recovery And Management Of The Puget Sound Ecosystem: Linking Assessments Of Ecosystem Condition To Threats And Management Strategies, Sandra M. O'Neill, Constance Amanda Sullivan, Scott B. Redman, Kari A. (Kari Ann) Stiles, Kelly Biedenweg, Tracy K. Collier
An Ecosystem Framework For Use In Recovery And Management Of The Puget Sound Ecosystem: Linking Assessments Of Ecosystem Condition To Threats And Management Strategies, Sandra M. O'Neill, Constance Amanda Sullivan, Scott B. Redman, Kari A. (Kari Ann) Stiles, Kelly Biedenweg, Tracy K. Collier
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The ongoing influx of people to the Puget Sound basin has placed pressure on the ecosystem and contributed to a decline in ecosystem health. The Puget Sound Partnership (Partnership), formed in July 2007, is leading an effort to restore the health of Puget Sound. The Partnership is taking an ecosystem-based approach to management that will, over time, address policy questions associated with multiple interacting ecosystem goals. As a foundation of this approach, indicators of ecosystem condition are used to describe a healthy Puget Sound, to evaluate progress towards meeting the recovery goals, to evaluate and adapt management strategies, and as …
Can Long Term-Nitrogen Increases Affect Pelagic Food Web Processes And The Vertical Structure Of Biogeochemical Processes In Puget Sound?, Christopher Krembs, S. L. Albertson, Julia Bos, Carol Maloy, Mya Keyzers, Brandon S. Sackmann, Laura Hermanson, Margaret Dutch
Can Long Term-Nitrogen Increases Affect Pelagic Food Web Processes And The Vertical Structure Of Biogeochemical Processes In Puget Sound?, Christopher Krembs, S. L. Albertson, Julia Bos, Carol Maloy, Mya Keyzers, Brandon S. Sackmann, Laura Hermanson, Margaret Dutch
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Analyses of Ecology’s longterm monitoring data has indicated that in the pelagic zone of Puget Sound, nutrient concentrations have significantly increased, and nutrient ratios and phytoplankton biomass have steadily changed over the last 14 years. We have also documented a wide-spread decline in benthic community abundance. The cause and impacts of these trends have potential implications for marine food web structure, energy transfer, particle export, vertical structure of biogeochemical rate processes, and oxygen drawdown at depth. Puget Sound, because of its proximity to the cold, nutrient-rich Pacific Ocean, is thought of as a diatom-dominated marine food web supporting higher trophic …
Developing Human Wellbeing Indicators In The Hood Canal Watershed, Kelly Biedenweg, Kara L. Nelson
Developing Human Wellbeing Indicators In The Hood Canal Watershed, Kelly Biedenweg, Kara L. Nelson
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Planning for and monitoring human wellbeing as a component of ecosystem recovery is a growing trend in coastal zone management. Within the Puget Sound specifically, organizations at the watershed and basin scale have been developing recovery action plans with placeholders for human wellbeing or quality of life indicators. While the actual incorporation of human wellbeing into policy has been limited, there is significant interest to receive guidance for developing indicators and begin addressing human wellbeing in practice. This article describes the results of a pilot process to develop scientifically and practically relevant human wellbeing indicators for the Hood Canal watershed …
Clean Marine Bc And Recreational Vessel Pollution Prevention, Michelle Young
Clean Marine Bc And Recreational Vessel Pollution Prevention, Michelle Young
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Recreational vessels can be a significant source of pollution in the marine environment; sewage, bilge, and greywater discharges, fuel and hydrocarbons leaks, and toxic paints and maintenance products can all contribute to damaging our shared oceans. Fortunately there are many positive solutions available. This presentation will speak to the challenges and opportunities in preventing and mitigating multiple sources of pollution from recreational boating and marinas in BC, with a focus on the Clean Marine BC (CMBC) program. CMBC is a voluntary eco-certification program which recognizing marinas, yacht clubs, harbour authorities and boatyards for their implementation of environmental best practices. Green …
Developing Social-Ecological Indicators For Canada's Pacific Marine Regions: Steps, Methods, Results And Lessons, Andrew Day, Thomas A. Okey, Stephanie King
Developing Social-Ecological Indicators For Canada's Pacific Marine Regions: Steps, Methods, Results And Lessons, Andrew Day, Thomas A. Okey, Stephanie King
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In the past decade there has been increasing interest in assessing marine ecosystems and developing indicators to track and understand changes over time. A key direction in conducting assessments and developing indicators is recognizing that biophysical and human systems are interconnected. The increasing prominence of the concepts of coupled social-ecological systems and ecosystem-based management, and the related incentives to identify and integrate ecological and human well-being indicators, have expanded and advanced the vision of integrated assessment and management. However, more applied examples are needed. We outline the steps and methods we used to develop indicators for different areas of Canada’s …
Eelgrass Wasting Disease: An Overview, Fred Short
Eelgrass Wasting Disease: An Overview, Fred Short
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
During the 1930s, ‘wasting disease’ decimated eelgrass, Zostera marina L., meadows along the Atlantic Coast of North America and Europe with over 90% loss. Outbreaks of wasting disease were also documented in the Pacific Northwest and New Zealand. Wasting disease continues to affect eelgrass meadows with variable degrees of loss, though none as catastrophic as the 1930s. Speculations concerning the causative agent of the 1930s wasting disease included microorganisms, oil pollution, drought, or changes in salinity, temperature, or irradiance. In 1987, it was shown using Koch’s postulates that the eelgrass wasting disease is caused by infection with a marine slime-mold-like …
Evaluating Puget Sound Marine Protected Areas To Improve Mpa Policy And Implementation, Todd Stevenson, Patrick Christie, David L. Fluharty, Brad Warren, Richard B. Pollnac
Evaluating Puget Sound Marine Protected Areas To Improve Mpa Policy And Implementation, Todd Stevenson, Patrick Christie, David L. Fluharty, Brad Warren, Richard B. Pollnac
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In 2009, an inventory concluded there were 127 MPAs across the State of Washington. Despite this large number, relatively little is known about how well the MPAs are managed or how to improve their effectiveness, particularly in the Puget Sound. To understand how Puget Sound MPAs function from a social-ecological perspective, we will investigate the following key research questions: (1) What conditions and processes lead to successful MPA implementation?; (2) What are the opportunities for Puget Sound MPA planning processes to improve MPA management effectiveness and declare new, successful MPAs?; and (3) Should MPAs be used to increase social-ecological resilience …
Feeder Bluffs On Puget Sound: Tools For Improved Management, Hugh Shipman, Andrea Maclennan, Jim Johannessen
Feeder Bluffs On Puget Sound: Tools For Improved Management, Hugh Shipman, Andrea Maclennan, Jim Johannessen
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Much of Puget Sound’s shoreline consists of mixed sand and gravel beaches, dominated by longshore sediment transport and organized into hundreds of discrete littoral cells. Sediment supply within these cells is often provided by erosion of the steep coastal bluffs, which are composed of abundant, coarse-grained Pleistocene sediment. Bluffs that provide beach sediment are referred to as feeder bluffs and are important to the long-term maintenance of Puget Sound beaches. At the same time, development of Puget Sound’s shoreline has led to widespread construction of seawalls and revetments to control bluff erosion, with the unintended consequence of reducing natural sources …
Large-Scale Shoreline Restoration Along The Railroad Corridor Of Puget Sound: An Example In Snohomish County Forged By Creating Partnerships, Kathleen M. Herrmann, Paul Schlenger
Large-Scale Shoreline Restoration Along The Railroad Corridor Of Puget Sound: An Example In Snohomish County Forged By Creating Partnerships, Kathleen M. Herrmann, Paul Schlenger
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
This presentation will describe a large-scale shoreline restoration and enhancement project to address the disruption of sediment supply and transport processes along the Puget Sound shoreline between Mukilteo and Everett. Like other long stretches of shoreline in the region, the project area is lined by continuous shoreline armoring associated with the railroad. Given the likelihood of existing shoreline armoring structures remaining in place for the foreseeable future, habitat restoration solutions that work within the constraints existing on our shorelines are necessary to improve habitat quality and support natural nearshore processes. Snohomish County is conducting a large-scale shoreline restoration project along …
Modeling Water Exchange And Transport Timescales In A Multi-Inlet Bay System Of Puget Sound, Washington, Taiping Wang, Zhaoqing Yang, Jill M. Brandenberger
Modeling Water Exchange And Transport Timescales In A Multi-Inlet Bay System Of Puget Sound, Washington, Taiping Wang, Zhaoqing Yang, Jill M. Brandenberger
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
In this study, an integrated modeling framework consisting of the watershed model HSPF and the hydrodynamic model FVCOM is used to simulate the watershed hydrology and hydrodynamic circulations in a multi-inlet bay system of Puget Sound, which includes Liberty Bay, Port Orchard Bay, Dyes Inlet, and Sinclair Inlet. These interconnected inlets and bays form a unique subsystem that is connected to the Central Basin of Puget Sound through two narrow passages, namely Agate Passage and Rich Passage. Due to residential and industrial development in the watershed, degraded water quality has been observed in the system and manifests as bacteria contamination, …
Pcb Source Tracing In Storm Drains In The Lower Duwamish Waterway, Beth Schmoyer
Pcb Source Tracing In Storm Drains In The Lower Duwamish Waterway, Beth Schmoyer
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Seattle Public Utilities (SPU) has been tracking PCBs in City-owned storm drains that discharge to the Lower Duwamish Waterway for the past 10 years. Source tracing efforts have utilized samples of sediment that has accumulated in drainage pipes and associated structures (e.g., catch basins, maintenance holes, and vaults) to identify sources of contaminants to the system. This presentation will provide a few source tracing success stories and describe lessons learned by SPU.
Pcbs From Building Materials And Other Sources In The Urban Environment, Daniel Cargill
Pcbs From Building Materials And Other Sources In The Urban Environment, Daniel Cargill
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
There has been a growing awareness that PCBs can be found in open applications such paints, and elastic sealants used in buildings, concrete aprons at airfields, and even city streets. Most of the attention has been on facilities constructed between 1950 and 1977, however there is limited evidence that this open use may extend into the late 1980’s. There is increasing concern about the continued manufacture and distribution of PCB containing products and some of the unexpected pathways of transport and deposition. This presentation will present information about the challenges of finding and controlling sources of PCBs affecting the Duwamish …
Preventing Vessel-Generated Pollution Through Voluntary Environmental Certification: Best Management Practices For Boating In The Salish Sea, Andy Gregory
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Voluntary Environmental Clubs can be found across business sectors and provide opportunities for members to promote and market their businesses while encouraging customers to protect the environment. The Clean Marina Washington Program and its Canadian counterpart Clean Marine BC, provide marinas with a set of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and a rigorous certification process aimed at preventing boater-generated pollution. In Washington nearly one-third of all marinas are certified and even more have implemented BMPs that ensure compliance with existing State and Federal laws and promote proactive policies to address high-risk behaviors. Through improved trans-boundary coordination and outreach, these programs have …
Review And Synthesis Of Available Information To Estimate Human Impacts To Dissolved Oxygen In Hood Canal, Ben Cope
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
EPA and the Washington Department of Ecology reviewed available science regarding dissolved oxygen impacts in Hood Canal at the request of the Hood Canal Coordinating Council. This review encompassed all relevant studies of Hood Canal by researchers from the University of Washington, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and Mason County. The Puget Sound Institute organized an independent peer review of our report by outside experts. There is a consensus among researchers that: (1) Marine water upwelling delivers most of the nitrogen to the photic zone in Hood Canal, (2) Shoreline onsite sewage systems represent the dominant human source …