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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Thinking Pigs: Cognition, Emotion, And Personality, Lori Marino, Christina M. Colvin Apr 2017

Thinking Pigs: Cognition, Emotion, And Personality, Lori Marino, Christina M. Colvin

Lori Marino, PhD

An exploration of the cognitive complexity of Sus domesticus, the domestic pig.


The Association Between Fundamental Athletic Movements And Physical Fitness In Elite Junior Australian Footballers, Carl Woods, Ian Mckeown, Justin Keogh, Sam Robertson Apr 2017

The Association Between Fundamental Athletic Movements And Physical Fitness In Elite Junior Australian Footballers, Carl Woods, Ian Mckeown, Justin Keogh, Sam Robertson

Justin Keogh

This study investigated the associations between fundamental athletic movement and physical fitness in junior Australian football (AF). Forty-four under 18 players performed a fundamental athletic movement assessment consisting of an overhead squat, double lunge, single leg Romanian deadlift and a push up. Movements were scored on three assessment criterions using a three-point scale. Additionally, participants performed five physical fitness tests commonly used for talent identification in AF. A Spearman's nonparametric correlation matrix was built, with correlation coefficients being visualised using a circularly rendered correlogram. Score on the overhead squat was moderately positively associated with dynamic vertical jump height on left …


Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring Mar 2017

Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring

Liz Isenring

Protein-energy malnutrition is common amongst people aged 65 years and older, has a multifactorial aetiology, and numerous negative outcomes. Domiciliary carers (non-clinical paid carers) and family carers (including family, friends and neighbours) are required to support the increasing demand for in-home assistance with activities of daily living due to the ageing population. This review provides insight into the role of both domiciliary and family carers in providing individualised nutrition support for older, community-dwelling adults with malnutrition. Four electronic databases were searched for intervention studies from database inception to December 2016. Both domiciliary and family carers are well placed to monitor …


Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring Mar 2017

Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring

Skye Marshall

Protein-energy malnutrition is common amongst people aged 65 years and older, has a multifactorial aetiology, and numerous negative outcomes. Domiciliary carers (non-clinical paid carers) and family carers (including family, friends and neighbours) are required to support the increasing demand for in-home assistance with activities of daily living due to the ageing population. This review provides insight into the role of both domiciliary and family carers in providing individualised nutrition support for older, community-dwelling adults with malnutrition. Four electronic databases were searched for intervention studies from database inception to December 2016. Both domiciliary and family carers are well placed to monitor …


Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring Mar 2017

Role Of Domiciliary And Family Carers In Individualised Nutrition Support For Older Adults Living In The Community, Skye Marshall, Ekta Agarwal, Adrienne Young, Liz Isenring

Ekta Agarwal

Protein-energy malnutrition is common amongst people aged 65 years and older, has a multifactorial aetiology, and numerous negative outcomes. Domiciliary carers (non-clinical paid carers) and family carers (including family, friends and neighbours) are required to support the increasing demand for in-home assistance with activities of daily living due to the ageing population. This review provides insight into the role of both domiciliary and family carers in providing individualised nutrition support for older, community-dwelling adults with malnutrition. Four electronic databases were searched for intervention studies from database inception to December 2016. Both domiciliary and family carers are well placed to monitor …


An Investigation Of Quality Climate And Its Association With Implementation Of Quality Management System, Sai K. Ramaswamy, Gretchen A. Mosher Mar 2017

An Investigation Of Quality Climate And Its Association With Implementation Of Quality Management System, Sai K. Ramaswamy, Gretchen A. Mosher

Sai Ramaswamy

Quality management and continuous improvement are paramount for businesses to survive and thrive in today’s competitive landscape (Goetsch & Davis, 2003; Abdullah et al., 2009). One effective approach to operationalize quality processes and continuous improvement goals is a formalized quality management system (Khanna et al., 2010; Mosher et al., 2013). Quality management systems are embodiments of the organization’s policies, procedures, plans, resources, processes and delegation of responsibility and authority designed to achieve customer satisfaction within the boundaries of organizational objectives (Goetsch & Davis, 2003). While these systems are being used extensively across many industries, the ideas are relatively new to …


Approaching Safety Through Quality: Factors Influencing College Student Perceptions, Sai K. Ramaswamy, Gretchen A. Mosher Mar 2017

Approaching Safety Through Quality: Factors Influencing College Student Perceptions, Sai K. Ramaswamy, Gretchen A. Mosher

Sai Ramaswamy

Quality management practices have been identified by previous literature as a factor that could potentially reduce the level of safety incidents and hazards in agricultural work environments. The present study used multivariate analysis to examine the effect of independent variables such as quality and safety awareness, work experience, safety and quality management experience, and the perceived importance of safety and quality on the role of quality management practices as a mitigating factor for safety hazards and incidents in agriculture. Variables were measured on a five-point scale using a survey questionnaire. Data were collected from approximately 900 undergraduates enrolled in the …


Perceptions Of Agricultural College Students On The Relationship Between Quality And Safety In Agricultural Work Environments, Sai K. Ramaswamy, Gretchen A. Mosher Mar 2017

Perceptions Of Agricultural College Students On The Relationship Between Quality And Safety In Agricultural Work Environments, Sai K. Ramaswamy, Gretchen A. Mosher

Sai Ramaswamy

Agriculture is a high-hazard industry that employs a large number of young workers below the age of 25. Recent studies have documented a strong positive correlation between quality management in agriculture and occupational safety as perceived by agricultural workers. Younger workers have been found to be at higher risk for occupational injuries and fatalities in agriculture. Furthermore, college students in agriculture have minimal exposure to safety and quality management principles in their coursework and thus may not be aware that the two concepts are associated. Little research has studied how young workers perceive the relationship between safety and quality and …


Pre-Professional Perceptions Of Safety And Quality Concerns In Agricultural Work Environments, Sai Kumar Ramaswamy Mar 2017

Pre-Professional Perceptions Of Safety And Quality Concerns In Agricultural Work Environments, Sai Kumar Ramaswamy

Sai Ramaswamy

Pre-professionals in the field of agriculture will play a vital role in the application and implementation of quality and safety policies in agricultural work environments. Yet, no comprehensive study has been completed to understand these pre-professionals' perceptions of quality and safety and how these two factors interact in the agricultural workplace. This study built on the work of Mosher et al. (2012), which measured the interactions between employees' perceptions of safety and quality in an agricultural work environment. To understand how pre-professionals perceive the link between quality and safety, undergraduate students enrolled in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences …


Multi-Scale Motility Amplitude Associated With Suicidal Thoughts In Major Depression, Premananda Indic, Greg Murray, Carlo Maggini, Mario Amore, Tiziana Meschi, Loris Borghi, Ross J. Baldessarini, Paola Salvatore Mar 2017

Multi-Scale Motility Amplitude Associated With Suicidal Thoughts In Major Depression, Premananda Indic, Greg Murray, Carlo Maggini, Mario Amore, Tiziana Meschi, Loris Borghi, Ross J. Baldessarini, Paola Salvatore

Premananda Indic

Major depression occurs at high prevalence in the general population, often starts in juvenile years, recurs over a lifetime, and is strongly associated with disability and suicide. Searches for biological markers in depression may have been hindered by assuming that depression is a unitary and relatively homogeneous disorder, mainly of mood, rather than addressing particular, clinically crucial features or diagnostic subtypes. Many studies have implicated quantitative alterations of motility rhythms in depressed human subjects. Since a candidate feature of great public-health significance is the unusually high risk of suicidal behavior in depressive disorders, we studied correlations between a measure (vulnerability …


Scaling Behavior Of Human Locomotor Activity Amplitude: Association With Bipolar Disorder, Premananda Indic, Paola Salvatore, Carlo Maggini, Stefano Ghidini, Gabriella Ferraro, Ross J. Baldessarini, Greg Murray Mar 2017

Scaling Behavior Of Human Locomotor Activity Amplitude: Association With Bipolar Disorder, Premananda Indic, Paola Salvatore, Carlo Maggini, Stefano Ghidini, Gabriella Ferraro, Ross J. Baldessarini, Greg Murray

Premananda Indic

Scale invariance is a feature of complex biological systems, and abnormality of multi-scale behaviour may serve as an indicator of pathology. The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a major node in central neural networks responsible for regulating multi-scale behaviour in measures of human locomotor activity. SCN also is implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) or manic-depressive illness, a severe, episodic disorder of mood, cognition and behaviour. Here, we investigated scaling behaviour in actigraphically recorded human motility data for potential indicators of BD, particularly its manic phase. A proposed index of scaling behaviour (Vulnerability Index [VI]) derived from such …


Why Is The Skeleton Still In The Hospital Closet? A Look At The Complex Aetiology Of Protein-Energy Malnutrition And Its Implications For The Nutrition Care Team, Skye Marshall Feb 2017

Why Is The Skeleton Still In The Hospital Closet? A Look At The Complex Aetiology Of Protein-Energy Malnutrition And Its Implications For The Nutrition Care Team, Skye Marshall

Skye Marshall

Extract:
The acknowledgement of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) as one of “…the most serious nutritional problems of our time” was actually made by Dr Butterworth Jr in 1974 in his seminal article, “the skeleton in the hospital closet” (1). In most cases, major health problems prevalent in the 1970s have been addressed and improved, such as vast improvements in vaccination rates, pain management and contraception efficacy (2-4). But when it comes to PEM, the continuing high prevalence across all settings (10 – 65% in our home-dwelling, hospitalised and institutionalised elderly) (5-8) …


Modified Green Tea Polyphenols, Egcg-S And Ltp, Inhibit Endospore In Three Bacillus Spp., Bushra Ali, Lee H. Lee, Nozrin Laskar, Nadia Shaikh, Hassan Tahir, Stephen D. Hsu, Robert Newby Jr., Jonathan Valsechi-Diaz, Tin-Chun Chu Feb 2017

Modified Green Tea Polyphenols, Egcg-S And Ltp, Inhibit Endospore In Three Bacillus Spp., Bushra Ali, Lee H. Lee, Nozrin Laskar, Nadia Shaikh, Hassan Tahir, Stephen D. Hsu, Robert Newby Jr., Jonathan Valsechi-Diaz, Tin-Chun Chu

Tinchun Chu, Ph.D.

http://www.scirp.org/Journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=74601


Changes In Cancer Treatment: Mabs, Mibs, Mids, Nabs And Nibs, Joseph D. Tariman Phd Feb 2017

Changes In Cancer Treatment: Mabs, Mibs, Mids, Nabs And Nibs, Joseph D. Tariman Phd

Joseph D Tariman PhD, RN, ANP-BC, FAAN

KEY POINTS #1; Stay abreast on latest cancer treatments; cancer treatments have evolved from genocidal to specific cellular, molecular, and genetic targeting approaches (targeted therapies) to kill cancer cells. #1; Manage the side effects of cancer treatments; this is essential to adherence and a successful completion of planned targeted therapy. #1; Educate patients and their caregivers on treatment-related information to empower them in becoming active participants of the cancer journey.

Cancer therapeutics has changed at a rapid pace over the past two decades. Cancer
treatment changes are undoubtedly driven by the recent advances in the understanding
of cancer pathobiology, leading …


Perampanel, Michael A. Rogawski Dec 2016

Perampanel, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

No abstract provided.


Neurobiology Of The Premonitory Urge In Tourette's Syndrome: Pathophysiology And Treatment Implications, Andrea E. Cavanna, Kevin J. Black, Mark Hallett, Valerie Voon Dec 2016

Neurobiology Of The Premonitory Urge In Tourette's Syndrome: Pathophysiology And Treatment Implications, Andrea E. Cavanna, Kevin J. Black, Mark Hallett, Valerie Voon

Kevin J. Black, MD

Motor and vocal tics are relatively common motor manifestations identified as the core features of Tourette's syndrome (TS). Although traditional descriptions have focused on objective phenomenological observations, such as anatomical location, number and frequency of tics, patients' first-person accounts have consistently reported characteristic subjective correlates. These sensory phenomena are often described as a feeling of mounting inner tension or urge to move ("premonitory urge"), which is transiently relieved by tic expression. This article reviews the existing literature on the clinical and neurobiological aspects of the premonitory urge in patients with TS, with focus on its pathophysiology and possible treatment implications.


Personality And Life Events In A Personality Disorder Sample, Linden R. Timoney, Zach Walsh, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Emily B. Ansell, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Robert L. Stout, Andrew E. Skodol, Donna S. Bender, Charles A. Sanislow, Leslie C. Morey, John G. Gunderson Dec 2016

Personality And Life Events In A Personality Disorder Sample, Linden R. Timoney, Zach Walsh, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Emily B. Ansell, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Robert L. Stout, Andrew E. Skodol, Donna S. Bender, Charles A. Sanislow, Leslie C. Morey, John G. Gunderson

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Individuals with a personality disorder (PD) tend to experience more negative life events (NLEs) than
positive life events (PLEs). In community samples, the Five Factor Model of personality (FFM) predicts
both positive and negative life events. The present research examined whether FFM normal personality
traits were associated with positive and negative life events among individuals with 1 of 4 PDs: avoidant,
borderline, schizotypal, and obsessive– compulsive, and tested whether associations between the FFM of
personality and PLEs and NLEs were similar across the 4 PD groups and a control group. Among
aggregated PDs, neuroticism was positively associated with NLEs, whereas …