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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Antioxidant Potential Of The Mediterranean Diet In Patients At High Cardiovascular Risk: An In-Depth Review Of The Predimed, Hayley E. Billingsley, Salvatore Carbone
The Antioxidant Potential Of The Mediterranean Diet In Patients At High Cardiovascular Risk: An In-Depth Review Of The Predimed, Hayley E. Billingsley, Salvatore Carbone
Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death. Diet is known to be important in the prevention of CVD. The PREDIMED trial tested a relatively low-fat diet versus a high-fat Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) for the primary prevention of CVD. The resulting reduction of the CV composite outcome resulted in a paradigm shift in CV nutrition. Though many dietary factors likely contributed to this effect, this review focuses on the influence of the MedDiet on endogenous antioxidant systems and the effect of dietary polyphenols. Subgroup analysis of the PREDIMED trial revealed increased endogenous antioxidant and decreased pro-oxidant activity in …
The Potential Role Of Aerobic Exercise-Induced Pentraxin 3 On Obesity-Related Inflammation And Metabolic Dysregulation, Aaron L. Slusher, Chun-Jung Huang, Edmund O. Acevedo
The Potential Role Of Aerobic Exercise-Induced Pentraxin 3 On Obesity-Related Inflammation And Metabolic Dysregulation, Aaron L. Slusher, Chun-Jung Huang, Edmund O. Acevedo
Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications
Obesity is defined as the excess accumulation of intra-abdominal body fat, resulting in a state of chronic, low-grade proinflammation that can directly contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein that is expressed by a variety of tissue and cell sources and provides an anti-inflammatory property to downregulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines, in particular interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Although PTX3 may therapeutically aid in altering the proinflammatory milieu in obese individuals, and despite elevated expression of PTX3 mRNA observed in adipose tissue, the circulating level of PTX3 is reduced with …
A Closer Look At Rural-Urban Health Disparities: Associations Between Obesity And Rurality Vary By Geospatial And Sociodemographic Factors, Steven A. Cohen, Sarah K. Cook, Lauren Kelley, Julia D. Foutz, Trisha A. Sando
A Closer Look At Rural-Urban Health Disparities: Associations Between Obesity And Rurality Vary By Geospatial And Sociodemographic Factors, Steven A. Cohen, Sarah K. Cook, Lauren Kelley, Julia D. Foutz, Trisha A. Sando
Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications
Background: Obesity affects over one-third of older adults in the United States. Both aging and obesity contribute to an increased risk for chronic disease, early mortality, and additional health care utilization. Obesity rates are higher in rural areas than in urban areas, although findings are mixed. The objectives of this study are to assess potential nonlinearity in the association between rurality and obesity, and to evaluate the potential for socioeconomic status and geographic area to moderate the associations between rurality and obesity.
Methods: Using a representative sample of adults aged 65 and above from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, …
Dietary Fat, Sugar Consumption, And Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Salvatore Carbone, Justin M. Canada, Leo F. Buckley, Cory R. Trankle, Hayley E. Billingsley, Dave L. Dixon, Adolfo G. Mauro, Sofanit Dessie, Dinesh Kadariya, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Raffaella Buzzetti, Ross Arena, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Stefano Toldo, Antonio Abbate
Dietary Fat, Sugar Consumption, And Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Salvatore Carbone, Justin M. Canada, Leo F. Buckley, Cory R. Trankle, Hayley E. Billingsley, Dave L. Dixon, Adolfo G. Mauro, Sofanit Dessie, Dinesh Kadariya, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Raffaella Buzzetti, Ross Arena, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Stefano Toldo, Antonio Abbate
Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with obesity and, indirectly, with unhealthy diet. The role of dietary components in HFpEF is, however, largely unknown. In this study, the authors showed that in obese HFpEF patients, consumption of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), was associated with better cardiorespiratory fitness, and UFA consumption correlated with better diastolic function and with greater fat-free mass. Similarly, mice fed with a high-fat diet rich in UFA and low in sugars had preserved myocardial function and reduced weight gain. Randomized clinical trials increasing dietary UFA consumption and reducing sugar consumption are warranted to confirm …
Does Upper Extremity Training Influence Body Composition After Spinal Cord Injury?, Justin A. Fisher, Meredith A. Mcnelis, Ashraf S. Gorgey, David R. Dolbow, Lance L. Goetz
Does Upper Extremity Training Influence Body Composition After Spinal Cord Injury?, Justin A. Fisher, Meredith A. Mcnelis, Ashraf S. Gorgey, David R. Dolbow, Lance L. Goetz
Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to serious body composition adaptations characterized by increasing whole body fat mass and decreased soft tissue lean mass (LM). These adaptations in body composition may lead to several cardio-metabolic disorders that reduce the quality of life, increase patients’ and caregivers’ burden and eventually leads to mortality. Exercise, an appropriate dietary regimen, and an active lifestyle may alleviate several of the negative effects on body composition after a SCI. Today however, there is no established consensus on the recommended dose, frequency or type of exercise to ameliorate several of the body composition sequelae after an acute …
Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress: The Impact Of Physical Activity And Diet Manipulation, Chun-Jung Huang, Matthew J. Mcallister, Aaron L. Slusher, Heather E. Webb, J. Thomas Mock, Edmund O. Acevedo
Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress: The Impact Of Physical Activity And Diet Manipulation, Chun-Jung Huang, Matthew J. Mcallister, Aaron L. Slusher, Heather E. Webb, J. Thomas Mock, Edmund O. Acevedo
Kinesiology and Health Sciences Publications
Obesity-related oxidative stress, the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants (e.g., nitric oxide), has been linked to metabolic and cardiovascular disease, including endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for physiological functions including gene expression, cellular growth, infection defense, and modulating endothelial function. However, elevated ROS and/or diminished antioxidant capacity leading to oxidative stress can lead to dysfunction. Physical activity also results in an acute state of oxidative stress. However, it is likely that chronic physical activity provides a stimulus for favorable oxidative adaptations and enhanced physiological performance and physical health, although distinct responses between aerobic and anaerobic …