Life Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Pulp Mill Effluents On The Carbon Dioxide Evolution Of Three East Texas Soils, John C. Morris

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two pulp mill effluents, NaOH extraction water from the pulp bleaching process and water from the chlorination step of the pulp bleaching process, were applied to jars containing three East Texas soils. Carbon dioxide evolution was then measured with an infrared gas analyzer to determine the effect of the effluents on the respiration of soil microorganisms. The relationship between effluent treatments was not statistically significant, though detrimental effects were observed in the heavier soil. Irrigation of clays and clay loams with the effluent is not recommended. Irrigation of sandy soils should be possible if there is no danger of sub-surface …

A Study Of The Influence Of Reworked Fibers On Dimensional Stability And Physical Characteristics Of Paper, Martin L. Smith Jr.

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Secondary or re-pulped fibers, refined to the same degree in terms of freeness, exhibit different physical and optical characteristics than the same fiber in the virgin state. Paper which contains various ·per cent of secondary fibers have better opacity, less sensitivity to moisture and humidity, in the sense of hygro-expansivity, reduction of tendency to curl with addition of moisture to one side of the sheet, and less tensile elongation. The advantages listed above are offset to some extent by a loss in tensile strength, fold endurance and porosity.

Preliminary Estimates Of Bark Percentages And Chemical Elements In Complete Trees Of Eight Species In Maine, Harold E. Young

Aspen Bibliography

Five tables were prepared to show the relative amount of bark on each of the tree components, the concentration and range of 12 chemical elements in the bark of each tree component, the proportion of each of the chemical elements in the bark of that element in the complete tree, and the proportion of each element in the bark as compared to the wood and bark of the merchantable bole. There is an overall 4:6:1 wood to bark ratio, but due to the higher concentration of the elements in the bark, the proportion of the elements in the bark is …

West Chester State College, West Chester, Pennsylvania - Minutes Of The Regular Meeting Of The Board Of Trustees Of The College - April 21, 1971, Edward O. Hilbush, Jr.

Gordon Natural Area History & Strategic Plan Documents

No abstract provided.

The Effectiveness Of Some Enzyme-Containing Detergents Of The Deinking Of Newsprint, Peter T. Aylward

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

With an ever increasing use of wood by the paper industry and pollution of our waterways, it is only natural that we turn to recycling of our products.

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the possible use of enzymes detergents as a means of deinking newsprint. It was decided to deink several issues of newspaper by varying the concentration of enzyme detergent over a wide interval of temperature. The pH of the systems was monitored so as not to denature the enzyme. This method yielded pulp with a brightness three or four points over that of the untreated …

Performance Evaluation Of The Moistron And Inframike Moisture Gauges On The Pilot Paper Machine, David L. Forsman

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The following work pertains to the correlation of the Industrial Nucleonics Moistron moisture meter and the General Electric Inframike. The readings from these two devices were compared to each other and to moisture on an oven dry basis. The moisture readings were taken on a furnish of a 50-50 hardwood, softwood mixture which had various additives added by means of metering pumps. The basis weights of the furnishes were varied for each of the additives.

The readings on the Moistron were not taken from the machine chart but rather from a calibration tape placed below said chart. The General Electric …

High Temperature, High Pressure Oxidation Of Primary Sludges, Dale R. St. Peter

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The problem of disposal of high ash papermill sludges has yet to be resolved. High temperature, high pressure wet air oxidation may have the potential to fill this gap in our technology.

A sample of high ash primary sludge was obtained, thickened, wet air oxidized, purified, and evaluated for brightness and abrasiveness. The product was grossly discolored with iron oxide. However, removal of the oxide yielded a high brightness product with low abrasiveness. This product appeared to be well suited for use as a filler material.

In order for this process to be acceptable as a method for obtaining a …

The Effect Of Sample Length, Fiber Length And Rate Of Loading On Tensile And T.E.A., Rajendra Patel

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of fiber length, sample length and rate of loading on tensile and TEA. The most important aspect of this study was the elimination or controlling of variables which appeared in all related studies to date. With this in mind, an experimental procedure was drawn up which would eliminate or control these variables. The original pulp was taken without any cutting, formed into handsheets, and pressed. The handsheets were then cut in order to reduce the fiber length while the handsheets were wet. Cutting the fibers was done with a paper …

An Investigation Of The Relative Water Holding Capabilities Of Various Synthetic Adhesives, Kenneth J. Long

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

During the investigation of the water holding capacity of various latexes, the Hercules Size Tester, appeared to be the most consistent and convenient instrument for determining this characteristic. The latexes used in this investigation were those recommended by suppliers as excelling in this capacity.

It was hoped that a correlation could be found between water retention time and ease of obtaining gloss through supercalendering. However, no such correlation was found. In a routine control situation, through backlogging of data on a unchanging coating system, a correlation would be more likely to appear.

The Effects Of Selected Pilot Paper Machine Variables On Web Shrinkage, John Hughes

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of certain machine variables on shrinkage and also to determine a shrinkage and strength profile across the width of the sheet. Machine conditions varied were the draws and the amount of pressure on the presses. Cross direction shrinkage was measured by using felt marking pens to mark three sections across the web. Machine direction shrinkage was determined by using a cogged wheel to punch a series of small holes into the sheet which could then be measured at the reel. Press loading was shown to have no effect on cross …

The Effect Of Clay Particle Size On The Optical Properties Of Filled Handsheets, Arkesh Pandit

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

In this experiment two coating clays and two filler clays were used as fillers to find the effect of particle size on optical properties on filled handsheets.

Klondyke and Nokarb were used as a filler clays to improve the optical properties. Coating clays, H. T. predispersed and Ultra-white-90 were less effective than filler clays. Scattering co-efficient can be improved with coating clays. The reason may be the smaller the particle size better scattering co-efficient. This experiment suggests alum is not necessary in order to improve the opacity and brightness of filler clays. Retention of Klyondyke and Nokarb increased without alum, …

"The Effects Of Steam Stripping Contaminated Kraft Condensates", Joseph A. Buckholz

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The effects of steam stripping contaminated Kraft condensates were evaluated in relation to the removal of odorous sulfur-containing compounds. The investigation was carried out in a packed distillation column. The mill streams investigated were multiple effect evaporator condensates, waste heat evaporator condensates, and concentrator condensates.

Measured volumes of distillate were removed and analyzed for chemical oxygen demand by oxidation, and for component make-up by gas chromatography.

This study indicates that the use of steam stripping not only reduces the amount of sulfur-containing compounds, but reduces mill water requirements and the BOD load placed on effluent treatment facilities.

Texas Forestry Paper No. 6, Ellis V. Hunt Jr.

Texas Forestry Papers, No. 1-29, 1970-1976

"Smaller plots or point-samples for the small forest"

Texas Forestry Paper No. 7, Donald F. Smith, Harry V. Wiant Jr.

Texas Forestry Papers, No. 1-29, 1970-1976

"Tree-volume tarif access tables for southern pines"

Lucille Vinyard Journal 1971, Lucille Vinyard

Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Chemical Cross-Linking Agents On Starch And Starch-Latex Adhesive Mixtures In Coating Color Formulations, Steven F. Rehrauer

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Various representative coatings were prepared, run, and resulting papers evaluated with great emphasis placed on keeping conditions constant throughout all experimental work. The study was limited to two types of starches; regular and cationic, and two types of insolubilizers; melamine formaldehyde and glyoxal. The effect of adding some latex to the adhesive mixture, with respect to water resistance, was also explored.

Data received substantiated the superiority of glyoxal over melamine formaldehyde in producing wet-rub resistance in starch base coatings. Calculated results also proved the merit of using a cationic starch, in conjunction with the insolubilizing additives, rather than a regular …

Planting And Care Of Trees In The Wheatbelt, F Batini

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE climate of South Western Australia includes a long summer drought which subjects trees to considerable moisture stress.

Shade trees and shelter belts can be established successfully in the wheatbelt without hand watering, provided a suitable site and variety of tree is selected and a little time is spent in site preparation and care of the young tree.

This article, which is adapted from a Forests Department publication "Catalogue of Trees for growing under Western Australian conditions", sets out the best varieties of trees and establishment methods.

Complete-Tree Utilization An Analysis Of The Literature Part Iv: Crown And Slash, J. L. Keays

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Tree Establishment In The Wheatbelt, F Batini

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Although most of the Forests Department's activity has centred around the State Forests in the higher rainfall areas, the Department has, for many years, encouraged the planting and conservation of trees throughout the farming areas.

Chemical Control Of Eucalypts : Standing Timber, Stumps, Sucker Regrowth, Geoffrey A. Pearce

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The eucalypt is particularly well adapted to withstand long periods without rain. The characteristics which make this possible also make the tree difficult to kill, without removing the stump and part of the root system.

Ecological Life History Of Rudbeckia Occidentalis Nutt., Juan A. Florez

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Interception Per Canopy In A Multi-Storied Largetooth Aspem Community, John R. Clements

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Throughfall At Two Levels In A Young Aspen Stand, J.R. Clements

Aspen Bibliography

The purpose of this report is to compare measurements of the quantity of throughfall at two different heights above ground level in a seven-year-old sucker stand of largetooth aspen (Populus grandidentata Michx.) This comparison defines the influence rain splash from the forest floor has on the quantity of throughfall catch of trough rain gauges placed on the forest floor.

Net Rainfall In A Multi-Storied Aspen Forest Community, J.R. Clements

Aspen Bibliography

This paper presents mathematical equations describing the relationships between the amount of net rain per storm under each crown canopy and the amount of gross rain per storm in a multi-storied forest community. The relationships were curvilinear and accounted for gradual filling of the storage capacity of the vegetation. The rate of increase of net rainfall was successively less for each crown canopy in turn starting with the uppermost canopy in the forest. The equation coefficients varied in respect of the position of the crown canopies in the vegetal profile and also in respect of variations in vegetal structure within …

Preliminary Estimates Of Bark Percentages And Chemical Elements In Complete Trees Of Eight Species In Maine, H.E. Young

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Cross-Grain Knife Planing Improves Surface Quality And Utilization Of Aspen, Harold A. Stewart

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Managing Snow Accumulation And Melt Under Leafless Aspen To Enhance Watershed Value, R.H. Swanson, D.R. Stevenson

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Growth And Yield Of Quaking Aspen In North-Central Minnesota, Bryce E. Schlaegel

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Thinning Pole-Sized Aspen Has No Effect On Number Of Veneer Trees Or Total Yield, Bryce E. Schlaegel, Stanley B. Ringold

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Rainfall Interception In A Dense Utah Aspen Clone, Robert S. Johnston

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.