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Vitellogenesis In Hyalomma Dromedarii (Acari: Ixodidae): A Model For Analysis Of Endocrine Regulation In Ixodid Ticks, Martin E. Schriefer

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The egg yolk proteins, vitellins, and their hemolymph precursors, vitellogenins, were characterized in the ixodid tick Hyalomma dromedarii. Three vitellins were identified. The high molecular weight vitellins, VN A and VN B, were composed of seven homologous molecular weight subunit polypeptides, VN 1-7. VN A appears to be a dimeric form of VN B. VN C was composed of single polypeptide. Low levels of vitellogenin, were identified in western immunoblots utilizing antibody raised against purified vitellin. Adult protein and polypeptide profiles, including vitellin and vitellogenin, were characterized as a function of sex, tissue and reproductive development. Quantitative assessment of the …

Overwintering Egg Populations Of A Pine Sawfly, Neodiprion Autumnalis, On Ponderosa Pine Near Ft. Meade In South Dakota, Judith Pasek

Judith E Pasek

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 2, No. 5, March 19, 1991

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Hexapod Herald - Vol. 2, No. 4, March 5, 1991

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Interaction Of Insecticide Resistance Genes In Field Populations Of Culex Pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) From Italy In Response To Changing Insecticide Selection Pressure, Bryony C. Bonning, J. Hemingway, R. Romi, G. Majori

Bryony C. Bonning

Culex pipiens Linnaeus larvae were collected from various locations in Italy and colonized as separate strains. These were analysed for elevated nonspecific esterase activity and frequency of altered acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mechanisms of insecticide resistance, and bioassayed, to define the cross-resistance spectra conferred by these to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. These mechanisms were further characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Elevated esterase A1 (formerly known as Est 3A) which predominated in C. pipiens from Italy in 1985 had been replaced by two esterases, A2 and B2. Altered acetylcholinesterase was still present at high frequencies. Altered and normal acetylcholinesterase were distinguished by differential …

The Scientific Publications Of Roland Fountain Hussey 1916 - 1968, John T. Polhemus

Insecta Mundi

R. F. Hussey was born in San Francisco, California 16 November 1896 and died 19 August 1968 in Gainesville, Florida. He held academic positions at New York University, Florida Southern College and the University of Florida, and was to have been retired from the latter as their first Professor Emeritus of Biology. For about twenty years following 1926 he held administrative positions in the New York Academy of Medicine and Doctors Hospital and during this time he published little except the excellent catalog of Pyrrhocoridae (which at that time included the family Largidae) as fascicle 3 of the General Catalogue …

Apionidae From North And Central America. Part 3. A New Genus In The Tribe Aplemonini Kissinger From Mexico (Coleoptera, David G. Kissinger

Insecta Mundi

A new genus, Femtapion (type species F. andersoni Kissinger, new species from central Mexico), is described in the tribe Aplemonini. Distinguishing features include body minute, globose, glabrous, polished; middle coxae not separated by union of median mesosternum and median metasternum; elytra lack humeri but (apparently) functional flying wings present; endophallus with coiled flagellum. The occurrence of a modified endophallic flagellum is unique in the New World Apioninae (with the exception of the Antilles). Perapion wickhami (Kissinger) is recorded from Scotts Bluff, Nebraska. Apion (Trichapion) memnonmonum Kissinger from North Carolina shows an unusual disjunct distribution. It is recorded on unopened flower …

The Neotropical Predaceous Midges Of The Genus Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Part Iv. The Dentifemur And Venustula Groups, Gustavo R. Spinelli, Willis W. Wirth

Insecta Mundi

The dentifemur and venustula groups of the subgenus Homobezzia Macfie, genus Bezzia Kieffer, are represented in the Neotropical Region by 12 species. A key is presented for their identification, and to distinguish them from other groups of the subgenus Homobezzia. The two previously known species, B. venustula (Williston) and B. snowi Lane, are described and illustrated, as well as the following ten new species: aitkeni, bromeliae, cayoensis, dentifemur, filiductus, fusca, mexicana, nigritibialis, pseudovenustula, and raposoensis. Bezzia concoloripes Made is regarded as a junior synonym of B. venustula (Williston).

Six New Species Of Skippers From Mexico (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae And Heteropterinae, Stephen R. Steinhauser

Insecta Mundi

Six new species of Mexican Hesperiidae, three Pyrginae, Bolla solitaria, B. fenestra and Zobera oaxaquena, from the state of Oaxaca, and three Heteropterinae, Piruna jonka and Dalla kemneri, also from Oaxaca, and Piruna millerorum from the state of Sinaloa, are described.

Volume 5, No. 1, March 1991 Covers And Ads

Insecta Mundi

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Systematics And Biogeography Of Marsikomerus Attems, 1938, A Misunderstood Genus Of Centipedes (Geophilomorpha: Schendylidae), Richard L. Hoffman, Luis A. Pereira

Insecta Mundi

Marsikomerus (Attems 1938) is transferred from Geophilidae to Schendylidae, and shown to be a senior synonym of Simoporus (Chamberlin 1940) and Lanonyx (Chamberlin 1953). The type species M. pacificus is redescribed and illustrated in detail from the holotype; similar but less extensive treatment is provided for M. lanaius and M. texanus. The value of some traditionally used characters and the distribution of the genus (Hawaii, southwestern United States, northern Mexico) are discussed.

Discovery Of The Boll Weevil, Anthonomus Grandis Boheman In Paraguay (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), R. M. Marengo, W. H. Whitcomb

Insecta Mundi

The major agricultural export of Paraguay is cotton. This is mostly produced on 150,000 small permanent farms seldom over 12 acres in size. Cotton is plowed by horse or oxen and picked by hand. The whole family works on the farm with additional hands for harvest. Competition with modern mechanized agriculture is possible because of high yields and low production costs. No other crop has proven as suitable for the Paraguayan small farmer. Upon the arrival of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, from infested Brazil, costs of production could increase by 500 per cent, making competition on the world …

New Locality And Host Records For South American Acanthoscelides (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), John M. Kingsolver

Insecta Mundi

C.D. Johnson (Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 116, 1990:425) described Acanthoscelides manieyi from near Guayaquil, Ecuador, but had no records of host plants for the species. In the collections of the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, D.C., are records of this species having been intercepted at U.S. ports of entry in mung beans (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata) from Peru, South America, in 1965, 1970, and 1971. More precise localities are not available. This is the first record for A. manleyi for Peru.

Book Review: Applied Myrmecology: A World Perspective By Robert K. Vander Meer, Jaffe Klaus, And Cedano Aragua, Arnold Van Pelt

Insecta Mundi

Applied Myrmecology provides a foundation for future concerted research efforts on economic intrusions of the ecologically diverse and abundant ants. Selections range from neurotoxins and behavior to ecology. One learns of "el venticuatro", an ant whose sting produces "the worst 24 hours of one's life", that "hormiga loca" prefers nesting under black plastic bags left in the fields when plants are transferred from nurseries, and that Pharaoh's ants transmit human diseases.

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 2, No. 3, February 15, 1991

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A New Species Of Parachrysina Bates (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) From Nuevo Leon, Mexico, Mary Liz Jameson

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Parachrysina borealis is described as new, and a revised key to the species is provided. Parachrysina borealis represents the northernmost extent of the genus and is the only species of Areodina known from northeastern Mexico.

Book Review: The Beetles Of The World (Moron, M.A. 1990), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Depending on the audience, the Sciences Nat series on beetles of the world is either warmly embraced for its beautiful photography "enabling" picture identifications or rejected because of its simplistic approach to complex taxonomic issues. Moron, operating under a narrow set of editorial guidelines (e.g., no keys), has done a remarkably good job at bridging this gap with his treatment of Pelidnotina. The result is not only a beautiful book (as most in this series are), but one that is also scientifically credible. Given that any revision of Plusiotis deserved a color rendition, and that the Sciences Nat series is …

Hexapos Herald - Vol. 2, No. 2, February 1, 1991

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Insect Immune Response To Bacterial Infection Is Mediated By Eicosanoids, David W. Stanley-Samuelson, Ellen Jensen, Kenneth Nickerson, Kristina C. Tiebel, Clyde Ogg, Ralph W. Howard

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Inhibition of eicosanoid formation in larvae of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, using specific inhibitors of phospholipase A₂, cyclooxygenase, and lipoxygenase, severely weakened the ability of larvae to clear the bacterium Serratia marcescens from their hemolymph. The reduced capability to remove bacteria is associated with increased mortality due to these bacteria. There is a dose-dependent relationship between the phospholipase A₂ inhibitor dexamethasone and both the reduced bacterial clearance and increased larval mortality. The dexamethasone effects on larval survival were reversed by treatment with arachidonic acid. Maleic acid, a nonspecific antioxidant, did not interfere with the insects' …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 2, No. 1, January 14, 1991

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Preserved Grasshopper Fauna Of Knife Point Glacier, Fremont County, Wyoming, U.S.A., Jeffrey A. Lockwood, Craig D. Thompson, Larry D. Debrey, Charles M. Love, Richard A Nunamaker, Robert E. Pfadt

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

In 1987 and 1988, samples of preserved insects were extracted from the ice of Knife Point Glacier, Fremont County, Wyoming. The glacier lies at an altitude of 3500 m a.s.l. in the Shoshone National Forest, Wind River Range, and is known to contain preserved insects. Although the glacier has undergone extensive recession in the last 50 yr, some insect deposits are still embedded at 20 to 25 cm below the surface and perhaps much deeper. The frozen deposits appear to consist entirely of grasshoppers. A few, virtually intact, specimens and body parts were in a state of preservation that allowed …

The Fatty Acid Compositions Of Phospholipids And Triacylglycerols From Two Chinch Bug Species Blissus Leucopterus Leucopterus And B. Iowensis (Insecta: Hemiptera; Lygaeidae) Are Similar To The Characteristic Dipteran Pattern, Barbara P. Spike, Robert J. Wright, Stephen D. Danielson, David W. Stanley-Samuelson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1. The fatty acid compositions of phospholipids and triacylglycerols prepared from whole chinch bugs Blissus leucopterus leucopterus and B. iowensis were analyzed.
2. The fatty acid profiles from these insects are different from those from all other insect groups so analyzed, except most Diptera.
3. The major components include 16:0 and 18:0, high proportions of 16:1 and 18:1 and low proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
4. The fatty acid profiles were similar for several categories from both species of chinch bugs, including adult males and females, prediapausing and diapausing adults, and nymphs.

Gelled Diet For Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Mass Production, David B. Taylor, Jimmy C. Bruce, Rene Garcia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A rearing system based on a diet gelled with Water-Lock G400, a synthetic superabsorbent (poly(2-propenamide-co-2-propenoic acid, sodium salt))( WL), was compared with the standard rearing system (liquid diet suspended in acetate fibers) for the mass production of screwworms, Cochlomyia hominivorax (Coquerel). The WL rearing system yielded 2% heavier pupae, 32% higher egg to pupa survival, and required 54% less diet and 88% less labor than the standard rearing system. Other advantages of the WL system include reduced susceptibility to suboptimal environmental conditions and labor practices, and characteristics conducive to centralization and mechanization of rearing procedures.

Mechanisms Of Hybrid Sunflower Resistance To The Sunflower Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Marc D. Anderson, Gary J. Brewer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A study was conducted to identify mechanisms of resistance in sunflower to the sunflower midge, Contarinia schulzi Gagné. Infestation ratings, larval counts, and damage ratings were used to quantify midge resistance in seven sunflower hybrids grown at three locations. Six of the seven hybrids possessed midge resistance. Each hybrid was further categorized with respect to infestation resistance, antibiosis, and tolerance. Two bud characteristics, percent open and size, were examined for their contribution to infestation resistance. The percentage of time that buds of each hybrid were open was negatively correlated with infestation (indicating a preference for the open characteristic). Infestations were …

Oviposition And Larval Bionomics Of Two Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) On Sunflower, Gary J. Brewer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Use of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annum L.) as a host by two species of seed weevils, Smicronyx fulvus LeConte, the red sunflower seed weevil, and S. sordidus LeConte, the gray sunflower seed weevil, was compared using dissection of achenes from naturally and artificially infested plants. The gray seed weevil oviposits on the tips of unopened sunflower florets before anthesis. Larvae migrate through the corolla tube, penetrate the developing achene, and begin extensive feeding at the achene base. Achenes infested by the gray sunflower seed weevil are enlarged, lack an embryo, and appear to be a type of gall. The …

Effect Of Starch-Based Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Baits On Selected Nontarget Insect Species: Influence Of Semiochemical Composition, Thomas J. Weissling, Lance J. Meinke, Kandy A. Lytle

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Various starch-encapsulated semiochemical-insecticide formulations, developed for potential use in adult corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) management programs, were evaluated in the laboratory and field for effectiveness on corn rootworm beetles: a carabid, Harpalus pennsylvanicus DeGeer; and a coccinellid, Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake. Carbaryl was formulated in pregelatinized starch matrices along with Diabroticaspecific semiochemicals. The specific combination of feeding-gustatory stimulants encapsulated within or coating the outside of starch granules significantly influenced effectiveness. Allstarch formulations containing feeding-gustatory stimulants effectively killed Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte adults in laboratory and field bioassays. However, H. pennsylvanicus and C. m. lengi mortality was greatly reduced when …

Potential Of Starch Encapsulated Semiochemical-Insecticide Formulations For Adult Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Control, Thomas J. Weissling, Lance J. Meinke

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 1987 through 1989 to determine if plant-derived semiochemicals and carbamate insecticides, encapsulated in starch-borate (SBM) and pregelatinized-starch (PGM) matrices, could be used to attract and kill corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) beetles. D. virgifera virgifera LeConte adults were concentrated in plots within a corn (Zea mays L.) field, following application of SBM granules formulated with semiochemicals and carbaryl. However, resulting mortality was low even though beetles were observed feeding on the granules. Low mortality levels appear to have been caused by a loss of carbaryl during the formulation process. Laboratory assay results indicated …

Life History Studies, Host Records, And Morphological Description Of Genitalia Of Eurytoma Tylodermatis Ashm. (Hymenoptera : Eurytomidae) From South Dakota, Burruss Mcdaniel, Arvid A. Boe

Native Plant Focused Publications

Eurytoma tylodermatis Ashm. was found to be parasitic on Acanthoscelides perforatus (Horn) in seed pods of Canada milk- vetch {Astragalus canadensis L.). Observations on larval behavior and frequency of parasitism are discussed. Male and female genitalia of E. tylodermatis are illustrated.

A New Bruchophagus From Glycyrrhiza Lepidota Pursh In The Northern Great Plains (Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea : Eurytomidae), Burruss Mcdaniel, Arvid A. Boe

Native Plant Focused Publications

A new species, Bruchophagus grisselli McDaniel and Boe, which infests seeds of Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh (American licorice), is described and illustrated. It's known from South Dakota and North Dakota in the USA. A field study at 8 sites showed that B. grisselli has a wide distribution throughout the Dakotas.

Susceptibility Of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Colony Areas To Southern Pine Beetle Infestation In East Texas, James H. Mitchell, David L. Kulhavy

Faculty Publications

Seven red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) colonies and stands within a one-quarter mile radius were hazard-rated for susceptibility to the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus Frontalis Zimm.). Individual colonies generally were ranked low to moderate hazard using the Texas Hazard system and moderate hazard using the National Forest Risk system. Within one quarter mile of the colonies, 28% of the stands were low hazard, 25% moderate, 0.3% high and 7.5% extreme with Texas Hazard. Four percent were low hazard, 52% moderate, and 6% high with National Forest Risk. Moderate to extreme hazard stands within one-quarter mile of the …