Life Sciences Commons^™

The Synthesis Of Various Substituted 3-Amino-7-Hydroxy-2,2-Dimethyltetralins And Their Opioid-Related Activities, David Alan Lippman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

A series of aminotetralones and aminotetralins were synthesized from the common intermediate F, 3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-7-methoxy- 1-tetralone. The final compounds derived from F were simple substituted and/or reduced analogues. The products would allow a progressive structure activity relationship to be drawn based on pharmacological testing.

The common intermediate F was synthesized utilizing a six step procedure starting with p-methoxyphenylacetic acid. The overall yield from the precursor to the F:HC1 was 25%. Compound F was either O-demethylated to form 3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-l-tetralone (I) or was dimethylated on the amine and subsequently O-demethylated to yield the 3-dimethylamino-7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-l-tetralone (J). The last major modification was the reduction of …

The Marine Biogeochemistry Of Selenium: A Re-Evaluation, Gregory A. Cutter, Kenneth W. Bruland

OES Faculty Publications

Vertical and horizontal profiles from the North and South Pacific Oceans demonstrate the existence of three species of dissolved selenium: selenite, selenate, and organic selenide (operationally defined). In surface waters, organic selenide makes up about 80% of the total dissolved selenium, selenite concentrations are uniformly low, and selenate concentrations rise with increased vertical mixing. The organic selenide maximum (thought to consist of seleno-amino acids in peptides) coincides with the maxima of primary productivity, pigments, bioluminescence, and dissolved free amino acids. Deep ocean waters are enriched in selenite and selenate, while organic selenide is nondetectable. In suboxic waters of the tropical …

Isolation Of A Bacterium Capable Of Degrading Peanut Hull Lignin, Thomas J. Kerr, Robert D. Kerr, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Determination Of N,N'-Diphenylguanidine In Biological Tissues And Fluids Using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Edward Sidney Hunter Iii

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

N,N'-Diphenylguanidine (DPG) is a potentially toxic compound used in the vulcanization of rubber products. Distribution of DPG in hybrid mice (C57BL/6J interbred with DAB₂) was determined following intraperitoneal injection. Urine, fecal material, whole blood and tissues were collected at various times after administration of DPG and the extracts analyzed for DPG by high pressure liquid chromatography. Recovery of DPG from spiked urine and whole blood exceed 90%, however, the recovery of DPG from spiked tissue samples was approximately 70%.

DPG concentration in whole blood reached a maximum within ten minutes and rapidly decreased through 180 minutes after administration …

High Resolution Two Dimensional Electrophoresis Of Soluble Proteins In Human Spermatozoa, Hsing-Ying Liu

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The evaluation of human semen is very important for diagnosis of male infertility. Combined with the analysis of seminal plasma, a comprehensive biochemical screening of human spermatozoan proteins may be of assistance in providing qualitative and quantitative information to the physician to assist with evaluation.

In this study, human spermatozoa were ruptured by sonication. The soluble spermatozoan proteins were separated from the cellular debris by centrifugation and then analyzed in dissociated forms by two dimensional electrophoresis. The separated proteins were visualized by a silver stain method.

It has been shown that these combined techniques can resolve- four to five hundred …

Identification Of Four Complementary Rna Species In Akabane Virus-Infected Cells, Asit K. Pattnaik, G. Abraham

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The analysis of RNA extracted from purified Akabane virus demonstrated the presence of three size classes of single-stranded RNAs with sedimentation coefficients of 31S (large, L), 26S (medium, M), and 13S (small, S). Molecular weights of these RNA species were estimated to be 2.15 x 10⁶,1.5 X 10⁶, and 0.48 x 10⁶ for the L, M, and S RNAs, respectively. Hybridization analysis involving viral genomic RNA and RNA from virus-infected cells resulted in the identification of four virus-specific cRNA species in infected cells. These cRNAs were found to be nonpolyadenylated by their inability to bind …

A Survey Of Glycosphingolipids In The Human Aorta: Their Relationship To Glycosphingolipids Of Blood And To Atherosclerosis, John L. Nappier

Dissertations

The four major glycosphingolipids, glucosyl ceramide, lactosyl ceramide, galactosyl lactosyl ceramide and globoside were isolated from both diseased and normal tissue from human aorta by solvent extraction followed by solvent partitioning and column chromatography. The levels of each were then determind quantitatively by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) after derivatization. The individual glycosphingolipids were isolated by semi-preparative HPLC and the fatty acid composition of each was determined, after methanolysis, by gas chromatography.

In the diseased tissue, the amount of glycosphingolipid as well as the amount of crude lipid increased relative to the normal tissue. The relative amounts of cerebrosides increased …

Determination Of Erythrocyte Zinc Concentrations Using Zeeman Effect Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Tanya Maranda Lewis

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this research project was to develop assay procedures for determination of zinc in erythrocytes. Three methodologies were developed. The methods were evaluated on the basis of within-run and between-run precision. The most reproducible method, the 213.856 nm flame methodology, was used to determine red blood cell zinc concentrations in more than 200 samples obtained from the Neonatal Intensive care Unit at the Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters.

This study demonstrated that erythrocyte zinc levels in premature infants were similar to those of healthy adults. A linear relation between plasma and red blood cell zinc concentrations was …

Direct Optical Scanning Gel Chromatography: Improvements To The Technique And Application To Several Diverse Biochemical Problems, John Grothusen

All Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Action Of Bovine Cathepsin D On Intramuscular Connective Tissue, Elimosaria Elikalia Maeda

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cathepsin D has been postulated to play a role in the tenderization of meat with ageing. Meat toughness has been related to connective tissue content and degree of myofibrillar shortening. This investigation was undertaken to determine the activity of cathepsin D on bovine intramuscular connective tissue.

Highly purified cathepsin D preparations from bovine spleen and bovine sternomandibularis muscle were obtained by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by affinity chromatography on pepstatin coupled to controlled pore size alkyl amine glass beads. Maximum proteolytic activity using hemoglobin as substrate was obtained at pH 3.5 and 3.8 for bovine spleen and muscle cathepsin D, …

Hemoglobins Of The Cutthroat Trout Salmo Clarki, Jonathan N. Southard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nine hemoglobins have been isolated from the blood of cutthroat trout. All nine hemoglobins bind oxygen cooperatively and appear to be tetramers with molecular weights of -64,000. The oxygen equilibria and subunit structures of the purified hemoglobins were studied. In addition, the red blood cells of cutthroat trout were examined for the presence of ATP and GTP, which are known to be physiological modulators of hemoglobins in fishes.

Five hemoglobins with isoelectric points from 9.1 to 7.0 are classified as cathodal hemoglobins. These five hemoglobins have identical oxygen binding properties by the criteria tested. All have oxygen equilibria which are …

Subunit Interactions In The Inducible Arginine Decarboxylase From Escherichia Coli B, Catalina N. Depusoy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The nature of the subunit interactions in the inducible arginine decarboxylase from Escherichia coli B is of considerable interest because of the observed differences in the catalytic activities of the dimer and the decamer; the decamer is active and the dimer is inactive. To study these interactions, inactive dimers were prepared by sodium borohydride reduction of the E-amino--pyridoxal-P Schiff base. Hybrid decamers were then prepared from varying molar ratios of native and reduced dimers. The hybrid decamers were indistinguishable from native decamers as observed in the analytical ultracentrifuge and on acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Kinetic studies indicated that true hybrids were …

Investigation Of The Substrate Binding Site Of Nad Glycohydrolase In Human Seminal Plasma, Sau C. Cheung

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide glycohydrolase (NADase) (E.C. 3.2.2.5) from human seminal plasma (HSP) was partially purified through a multistep purification procedure, including affinity chromatography on Amicon Red Matrex Gel A. The NADase activity was assayed by a fluorometric method with nicotinamide 1,N⁶ -ethenoadenine dinucleotide as the substrate. The enzymatic cleavage of etheno-NAD by NADase was accompanied by an eight-fold increase in fluorescence. This large increase in fluorescence provided a sensitive way to follow the rate of etheno-NAD hydrolysis.

NADase was found to be less specific for the purine moiety of NAD, since etheno-NAD was accepted as a substrate. The enzyme …

Conformational Analysis Of Nonsteroidal Estrogen Analogs, Robert N. Spady

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In target tissue, estrogens initiate a series of events, ending in protein synthesis, by binding to a cytoplasmic receptor. Once the estrogen binds, the receptor complex is activated--a process including dimerization of the estrogen complex with another subunit. In order to study the possible receptor-ligand interactions, conformational analysis was performed on several nonsteroidal estrogen analogs, using the CAMSEQ8 molecular mechanics program.

The probability that a molecule will exist in a given conformational energy well depends both on the energy and the shape of the well. A method has been previously worked out to calculate probabilities using both of these variables, …

Acetylation Of Synaptosomal Protein: Inhibition Of Veratridine / Soll Berl, Ramiro Nunez, Arlene D. Colon, And Donald D. Clarke Mount Sinai School Of Medicine, And Chemistry Department, Fordham University, New York, New York, U.S.A., Soll Berl, Ramiro Nunez, Arlene D. Colon, Donald Dudley Clarke Phd

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Incubation of synaptosomes with [3H]acetate results in rapid labeling of protein. Labeling is decreased in the presence of veratridine, and the effect of veratridine is blocked by tetrodotoxin. Most of the radioactivity can be removed by base or acid hydrolysis, and is probably incorporated as acetate; it is this fraction that is affected by the veratridine. The data suggest that veratridine stimulates deacetylation of synaptosomal protein. This raises the question whether acetylation-deacetylation is involved in membrane function

The Metabolic Compartmentation Concept / S. Berl And D. D. Clarke Mt. Sinai School Of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. 10458; Department Of Chemistry, Fordham University, New York, N.Y. 10029., Soll Berl, Donald Dudley Clarke Phd

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The concept of metabolic compartmentation describes the presence in a tissue of functionally different and chemically distinct pools of a given substrate. These separate pools equilibrate only very slowlyt if at a11, and exhibit different turnover and flux rates. Such heterogeneous functional pools of amino acids were coming under investigation in microorganisms (Britten et al. 1955; Cowie, Walton 1956; Cowie, McClure 1959), plants (Steward et al. 1956; Maclennan et al. 1963), and animal tissues (Korner, Tarver 1957; Green, Lowther 1959; Kipnis et al. 1961) at about the same time that we began our studies on glutamate-glutamine metabolism in brain. The …

Fluoroacetate As A Possible Marker For Glial Metabolism In Vivo / Donald D. Clarke, Ph.D. And Soll Berl, M. D. Dept. Of Chemistry, Fordham Univ. And Dept. Of Neurology, Mt. Sinai School Of Medicine Bronx, N.Y. 10458 And New York, N.Y. 10029, Donald Dudley Clarke Phd, Soll Berl, Donald Dudley Clarke Phd

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Glucose is the major source of energy in all brain cells and its metabolism is closely coupled to functional activity. Advantage has been taken of this by Sokoloff (1977) and Sokoloff et al. (1977) to study energy metabolism in different brain areas and their response to a variety of drugs and stimuli. For this purpose these workers have developed the procedure for mrasuring autoradiographically the accumulation of [14C]-deoxyglucose into its phosphate derivative, a compound which does not differentiate glial from neuronal metabolism. They could be enhanced if one could differentiate glial from neuronal metabolic response to the various experimental conditions. …

Water Quality Trends In The Las Vegas Wash Wetlands, F. A. Morris, L. J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

The Las Vegas Wash is a wetlands ecosystem that acts to buffer the effects of wastewater discharges on the receiving waters of Lake Mead. The wash is the terminus for the 4,144 km2 Las Vegas Valley drainage basin, emptying into Las Vegas Bay of Lake Mead (Colorado River). It is in the northern Mojave desert, which receives an average of only 10 cm of rainfall annually. The Las Vegas Wash is technically an artificial wetland supported almost entirely by the perennial flows from sewage treatment plants. These flows contribute an average of 3-7 t of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and …

Nickel: A Micronutrient Element For Hydrogen-Dependent Growth Of Rhizobium Japonicum And For Expression Of Urease Activity In Soybean Leaves, Robert V. Klucas, F. Joe Hanus, Sterling A. Russell, Harold J. Evans

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Soybean plants and Rhizobium japonicum 122 DES, a hydrogen uptake-positive strain, were cultured in media purified to remove Ni. Supplemental Ni had no significant effect on the dry matter or total N content of plants. However, the addition of Ni to both nitrate-grown and symbiotically grown plants resulted in a 7- to 10-fold increase in urease activity (urea amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.5) in leaves and significantly increased the hydrogenase activity (EC 1.18.3.1) in isolated nodule bacteroids. When cultured under chemolithotrophic conditions, free-living R. japonicum required Ni for growth and for the expression of hydrogenase activity. Hydrogenase activity was minimal or not …

Proteolytic Activity In Soybean Root Nodules: Activity In Host Cell Cytosol And Bacteroids Throughout Physiological Development And Senescence, Nancy E. Pfeiffer, Cecilia M. Torres, Fred W. Wagner

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Root nodules were harvested from chamber-grown soybean (Glycine max L. Merril cv Woodworth) plants throughout development. Apparent nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction) peaked before seeds began to develop, but a significant amount of activity remained as the seeds matured. Nodule senescence was defined as the period in which residual nitrogenase activity was lost. During this time, soluble protein and leghemoglobin levels in the host cell cytosol decreased, and proteolytic activity against azocasein increased. Degradative changes were not detected in bacteroids during nodule senescence. Total soluble bacteroid protein per gram of nodule remained constant, and an increase in proteolytic activity in …

Reversible Dark-Induced Senescence Of Soybean Root Nodules, N. E. Pfeiffer, Nasir S.A. Malik, Fred W. Wagner

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Nodule senescence was induced in intact soybean Glycine max. (L.) Merr., cv Woodworth plants by an 8-day dark treatment. Dark-induced senescence resulted in the complete loss of acetylene reduction activity, a 67% loss of total soluble protein, and an almost complete loss in total leghemoglobin of nodule extracts. Isoelectric focusing gels demonstrated a preferential loss of certain proteins, which was correlated with an increase in endoprotease specific activity toward azocasein. Nodules were completely green after the 8-day dark treatment. If plants were returned to a normal photoperiod after 8 days in the dark, nodules recovered from the dark treatment in …

Neutral Sugars In Selected Pit Viper, Elapid, Lizard And Scorpion Venoms, Ahmed El-Sherif, Paul D. Gwinup, Bob D. Johnson, Dewey H. Sifford

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Whole Brain Catecholamine Depletion In Carassius Auratus And The Exposure To Inescapable Shock In A Learned Helplessness Paradigm, Roderick J. Misunis

Masters Theses

Learned helplessness is a psychological concept that describes the subsequent escape-avoidance behavior of experimental subjects who are exposed to uncontrollable stressors. Subjects after treatment are unable to respond in situations where escape is possible. Two major theorists, Seligman and Weiss, have proposed explanations concerning the phenomena. Seligman feels that the subject is unable to respond due to the fact that the exposure to an uncontrollable stressor has caused him to learn to be "helpless". Weiss feels that the inability to respond can best be described by alterations in the subject's brain neurochemistry, specifically the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. This paper is an …

Historical Patterns Of Phytoplankton Productivity In Lake Mead, Richard T. Prentki, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

Lake Mead was impounded in 1935 by the construction of Hoover Dam. The Colorado River was unregulated prior to then and therefore was subjected to extreme variations in flows and suspended sediment loads. Hoover Dam stabilized flows and reduced suspended sediment loads downstream, but Lake Mead still received silt-laden inflows from the upper Colorado River Basin. The Colorado River contributed 97% of the suspended sediment inputs to Lake Mead, and up to 140 x 1O⁶ metric tons (t) entered the reservoir in years of high runoff. Most of the sediments were deposited in the river channel and formed an …

Computer Pattern Recognition Of Action Potentials, Ronald S. Remmel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A general method of pattern recognition was applied to the problem of recognizing extracellularly-recorded neuronal action potentials in the presence of noise and other pulses. A PDP1 1/23 performed the calculations. There were four stages: 1.) A bandpass filter attenuated noises; 2.) the data input program digitized the signal every 55 μsec. If the signal exceeded a threshold, 12 samples of the signal and the time were written onto the disk; 3.) the pulse discriminating program recognized an action potential by fitting the 12 points with this function: v(t) = (a + bt + ct² ) exp(-t/Ƭ). For each pulse …

Biochemistry, W. E. Cornatzer

UND Departmental Histories

This departmental history was written on the occasion of the UND Centennial in 1983.

Analysis Of The Surface Polysaccharides Of R. Trifolii Su843 And Its Sym Plasmid Alterated Mutants, Jauh-Lin Duh

Masters Theses

The Rhizobium trifolii polysaccharides from SU843 and mutants--HC843(pBR1AN), HC843, 8002--in which the sym plasmid is replaced, absent, or mutated by transposon Tn5 were isolated. The surface polysaccharides of genetically altered mutants were compared quantitatively and qualitatively with one another and with the parent strain. The interpretation of these results is discussed in relation to the function of Rhizobium surface polysaccharides in the symbiotic process. The symbiotic ability of SU843 and mutant strains is as follows: (a) SU843, nod⁺, fix⁺; (b) mutant 8002, roa⁺ (still attaches to root hair), hac^-, nod^-; (c) …

Maternal Ethanol Consumption: Glycoproteins And Gangliosides Of The Central Nervous System In The Rat Offspring, Antonio Blavatsky Caesar Noronha

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Wastewater Discharges On Periphyton Growth In Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona, Marsha Korb Morris

Publications (WR)

A study of the effects of secondary-treated wastewater on periphyton growth in Lake Mead, Nevada-Arizona was conducted from September 1979 to December 1980. Periphyton ash-free dry weight, chlorophyll-a, dominant species composition, and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured on fiberglass substrates. Substrates were incubated for two to four weeks in littoral and limnetic habitats. Physical and chemical variables and phytoplankton chlorophyll-a were measured concurrently.

Transparency increased with increasing distance from the discharge. Secchi depth ranged from 0.75 m at the discharge confluence (station 2) in August, to greater than 20 m at the most distant stations (stations 9 and 10) in …

Spermidine-Condensed Phi X174 Dna Cleavage By Micrococcal Nuclease: Torus Cleavage Model And Evidence For Unidirectional Circumferential Dna Wrapping., Kenneth A. Marx, Thomas C. Reynolds

Dartmouth Scholarship

Spermidine-condensed phi X174 replicative form (RF) II DNA was digested with micrococcal nuclease to yield seven identifiable DNA bands forming an arithmetic fragment-length series. The DNA monomer unit length was found to be 780 +/- 80 base pairs. This result is most consistent with a proposed model for micrococcal nuclease cleavage of a DNA torus organized by the unidirectional, circumferential wrapping of B-geometry DNA. By a topological consideration, the blunt-end-rod-fusion model for torus formation [Eickbush, T. H. & Moudrianakis, E. N. (1978) Cell 13, 295-306] is shown to be inconsistent with our empirical solution results. We propose a continuous, circumferential …