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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (17)
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- Adélie penguin · Foraging competition · Ross Sea · Trophic cascade · Wasp-waist food web structure (1)
- Albacore Thunnus-Alalunga; Yellowfin Tuna; Katsuwonus-Pelamis; Indian-Ocean; Environmental Preferences; Acoustic Backscatter; Zooplankton Biomass; Movement Patterns; Eastern-Pacific; Pelagic Fishes (1)
- Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea; Denitrifying Bacterial Communities; Nitrous-Oxide Production; Nitrosomonas-Europaea; N2O-Producing Pathways; Molecular Diversity; Nitrate Reducers; Genome Sequence; Paddy Soil; Denitrification (1)
- Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea; Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction; Francisco Bay Estuary; Salt-Marsh; Denitrifier Abundance; Bacterial Communities; Marine-Sediments; Diffusion Method; Ribosomal-Rna; Process Rates (1)
- Aquaculture · Clam · Shellfish · Macroalgae · Eutrophication · Nitrogen cycling (1)
- Behavioral choice (1)
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- Catch-Curve; Multifan; Growth; Model (1)
- Chesapeake Bay; Organic-Matter; River Estuary; Restoration; Ecosystems; Dynamics; Denitrification; Biodeposition; Consequences; Landscape (1)
- Clam Ruditapes-Philippinarum; Chesapeake Bay; Mya-Arenaria; Phylogenetic Position; Tagelus-Plebeius; Olseni Protozoa; Genus Perkinsus; Ribosomal-Rna; Decussatus L; Shell Clams (1)
- Cod Gadus-Morhua; Fish Stock Assessment; Georges-Bank; Spatial-Distribution; Atlantic Cod; Hydrographic Variables; California Current; Abundance Indexes; Catchability; Management (1)
- Compound-Specific Delta-C-14; Basin Surface Sediment; Delaware Estuary; Lipid-Composition; C-14 Ams; Carbon; Radiocarbon; Variability; Fractionation; Marine (1)
- Continental-Shelf; Ecosystems; Saturation; Pacific; Impacts; Carbon (1)
- Continental-Shelf; Poverty Bay; Suspended Sediment; Postdepositional Alteration; Accumulation Rates; Organic-Carbon; Active Margin; Gravity Flows; North-Island; Eel Shelf (1)
- Cooperative Mammals; Social Competition; Queen Replacement; Evolution; Selection; Eusociality; Synalpheus; Conflict; Female; Termites (1)
- Fecal Pellets; Marine-Sediments; N-2 Production; Arabian Sea; Fresh-Water; Zooplankton; Bacteria; Mortality; Greenland; Anammox (1)
- Fishery economics (1)
- Fishery model (1)
- Fishing practice (1)
- Flounder Paralichthys-Dentatus; Maximum Reproductive Rate; Anchovy Anchoa-Mitchilli; Marine Trophic Levels; Chesapeake-Bay; Summer Flounder; Food-Web; Copepod Production; Bioenergetics Models; Density-Dependence (1)
- GEORGES BANK; NORTHEAST ATLANTIC; DASYATIS SABINA; PISCES-RAJIDAE; FISH COMMUNITY; RAJA-CLAVATA; DIET; SHARK; COAST; FOOD (1)
- Kaoping Submarine-Canyon; Small Mountainous Rivers; Eastern North Pacific; Gulf-Of-Mexico; Sediment-Transport; Continental-Margin; Temporal Variability; Carbon Sequestration; Particulate Matter; Marine-Sediments (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 43
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Overcoming Restoration Paradigms: Value Of The Historical Record And Metapopulation Dynamics In Native Oyster Restoration, Rom Lipcius, Russell P. Burke, Danielle N. Mcculloch, Sebastian J. Schreiber, David M. Schulte, Rochelle D. Seitz, Jian Shen
Overcoming Restoration Paradigms: Value Of The Historical Record And Metapopulation Dynamics In Native Oyster Restoration, Rom Lipcius, Russell P. Burke, Danielle N. Mcculloch, Sebastian J. Schreiber, David M. Schulte, Rochelle D. Seitz, Jian Shen
VIMS Articles
Restoration strategies for native oyster populations rely on multiple sources of information, which often conflict due to time- and space-varying patterns in abundance and distribution. For instance, strategies based on population connectivity and disease resistance can differ, and extant and historical records of abundance and distribution are often at odds, such that the optimal strategy is unclear and valuable restoration sites may be excluded from consideration. This was the case for the Lynnhaven River subestuary of lower Chesapeake Bay, which was deemed unsuitable for Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) restoration based on physical conditions, disease challenge, and extant oyster …
Trophic Cascades In The Western Ross Sea, Antarctica: Revisited, David G. Ainley, Grant Ballard, Randolph M. Jones, Dennis Jongsomjit, Stephen D. Pierce, Walker O. Smith Jr., Sam Veloz
Trophic Cascades In The Western Ross Sea, Antarctica: Revisited, David G. Ainley, Grant Ballard, Randolph M. Jones, Dennis Jongsomjit, Stephen D. Pierce, Walker O. Smith Jr., Sam Veloz
VIMS Articles
We investigated mesopredator effects on prey availability in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, as - sessing the reasons why Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae foraging trip duration (FTD) increases and diet changes from krill to fish as numbers of foraging penguins and competing cetaceans increase in the penguins’ foraging area. To investigate penguins’ seasonally changing FTD as a function of foraging-population size—previously investigated indirectly—we used bio-logging to determine the penguins’ 3-dimensional foraging volume, while an autonomous glider quantified the depth, abundance, and distribution of potential prey. As numbers of foraging penguins and cetaceans increased, penguins spent more time on foraging trips, traveling …
Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers, Presented At The Joint Meeting Of The Northeast Aquaculture Conference And Exposition And The 35th Milford Aquaculture Seminar, Portland, Maine, January 14–16, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers, Presented At The Joint Meeting Of The Northeast Aquaculture Conference And Exposition And The 35th Milford Aquaculture Seminar, Portland, Maine, January 14–16, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 107th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Monterey, California, March 22–26, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers, Presented At The 107th Annual Meeting, National Shellfisheries Association, Monterey, California, March 22–26, 2015, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Enhanced Nutrient Regeneration At Commercial Hard Clam (Mercenaria Mercenaria) Beds And The Role Of Macroalgae, Anna E. Murphy, Iris C. Anderson, Mark W. Luckenbach
Enhanced Nutrient Regeneration At Commercial Hard Clam (Mercenaria Mercenaria) Beds And The Role Of Macroalgae, Anna E. Murphy, Iris C. Anderson, Mark W. Luckenbach
VIMS Articles
High densities of bivalves found in aquaculture can exert ‘top-down’ control on primary production through feeding while simultaneously influencing local ‘bottom-up’ effects on production by enhancing nutrient recycling. Thus bivalves may decrease or increase localized eutrophication (sensu Nixon), depending on environmental conditions and specific culture practices. This study investigates hard clam aquaculture influence on benthic nutrient regeneration and metabolism, seasonally using in situ incubations. Effects of macroalgae, which proliferate on predator-exclusion nets at cultivation sites, are also investigated. Ammonium (NH4 +) and phosphate effluxes averaged 154 and 100 times higher, respectively, at clam beds compared to reference sediments. Macroalgae decreased …
Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Sediment Burial On The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Allison M. Colden, Rom Lipcius
Lethal And Sublethal Effects Of Sediment Burial On The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Allison M. Colden, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica are dominant ecosystem engineers that construct complex reefs in estuarine systems. Reef persistence relies on reef growth, which must outpace reef degradation and sediment deposition. The quantitative impact of burial on oyster survival and sublethal effects of sediment deposition are undefined. In this mesocosm study, we quantified effects of partial and complete burial (0, 50, 70, 90, and 110% of oyster shell height) on survival, biodeposition, condition index and growth of oysters (shell height = 25−75 mm). Survival only declined significantly when 90% or more of an oyster was buried; the critical burial depth inducing 50% …
The Value Of Captains’ Behavioral Choices In The Success Of The Surfclam (Spisula Solidissima) Fishery On The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coast: A Model Evaluation, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Daphne M. Munroe, Eileen E. Hoffmann, Paula Moreno, Roger L. Mann
The Value Of Captains’ Behavioral Choices In The Success Of The Surfclam (Spisula Solidissima) Fishery On The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coast: A Model Evaluation, Eric N. Powell, John M. Klinck, Daphne M. Munroe, Eileen E. Hoffmann, Paula Moreno, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
The response of the surfclam Spisula solidissima to warming of the Mid-Atlantic Bight is manifested by recession of the southern and inshore boundary of the clam’s range. This phenomenon has impacted the fishery through the closure of southern ports and the movement of processing capacity north, impacts that may require responsive actions on the part of fishery captains to mitigate a decline in fishery performance otherwise ineluctably accompanying this shift in range. The purpose of this study was to evaluate options in the behavioral repertoire of captains that might provide mitigation. A model capable of simulating a spatially and temporally …
Scientific Evidence Supports A Ban On Microbeads, Cm Rochman, Sm Kross, Jb Armstrong, Mt Bogan, Es Darling, Sj Green, Ar Smyth, D Verissimo
Scientific Evidence Supports A Ban On Microbeads, Cm Rochman, Sm Kross, Jb Armstrong, Mt Bogan, Es Darling, Sj Green, Ar Smyth, D Verissimo
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Source-Age Dynamics Of Estuarine Particulate Organic Matter Using Fatty Acid Delta C-13 And Delta C-14 Composition, Ha Mcintosh, Ap Mcnichol, L Xu, Elizabeth A. Canuel
Source-Age Dynamics Of Estuarine Particulate Organic Matter Using Fatty Acid Delta C-13 And Delta C-14 Composition, Ha Mcintosh, Ap Mcnichol, L Xu, Elizabeth A. Canuel
VIMS Articles
This study used a multiproxy approach to elucidate the source and age composition of estuarine particulate organic matter (POM) using bulk stable isotopes (C-13(POC)), fatty acid (FA) biomarkers, and compound specific isotopic analyses in surface waters along the Delaware River and Bay (Delaware Estuary, hereafter). C-13 values of FA (C-13(FA)) ranged more widely (-30.9 parts per thousand to -21.8 parts per thousand) than C-13(POC) (-27.5 parts per thousand to -23.5 parts per thousand), providing greater insight about POM sources along the estuary. C-13 values of C-16:0 phospholipid FA (primarily, aquatic sources) increased along the salinity gradient (-29.8 parts per thousand …
Biodiversity Mediates Top-Down Control In Eelgrass Ecosystems: A Global Comparative-Experimental Approach, Je Duffy, Pl Reynolds, C Bostrom, Ja Coyer, M Cusson, Et Al.
Biodiversity Mediates Top-Down Control In Eelgrass Ecosystems: A Global Comparative-Experimental Approach, Je Duffy, Pl Reynolds, C Bostrom, Ja Coyer, M Cusson, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Nutrient pollution and reduced grazing each can stimulate algal blooms as shown by numerous experiments. But because experiments rarely incorporate natural variation in environmental factors and biodiversity, conditions determining the relative strength of bottom-up and top-down forcing remain unresolved. We factorially added nutrients and reduced grazing at 15 sites across the range of the marine foundation species eelgrass (Zostera marina) to quantify how top-down and bottom-up control interact with natural gradients in biodiversity and environmental forcing. Experiments confirmed modest top-down control of algae, whereas fertilisation had no general effect. Unexpectedly, grazer and algal biomass were better predicted by cross-site variation …
Mapping Diversity Indices: Not A Trivial Issue, V Granger, N Bez, Jm Fromentin, C Meynard, A Jadaud
Mapping Diversity Indices: Not A Trivial Issue, V Granger, N Bez, Jm Fromentin, C Meynard, A Jadaud
VIMS Articles
Mapping diversity indices, that is estimating values in all locations of a given area from some sampled locations, is central to numerous research and applied fields in ecology. Two approaches are used to map diversity indices without including abiotic or biotic variables: (i) the indirect approach, which consists in estimating each individual species distribution over the area, then stacking the distributions of all species to estimate and map a posteriori the diversity index, (ii) the direct approach, which relies on computing a diversity index in each sampled locations and then to interpolate these values to all locations of the studied …
Properties Of Age Compositions And Mortality Estimates Derived From Cohort Slicing Of Length Data, Le Ailloud, Mw Smith, Ay Then, Kl Omori, Gm Ralph, Jm Hoenig
Properties Of Age Compositions And Mortality Estimates Derived From Cohort Slicing Of Length Data, Le Ailloud, Mw Smith, Ay Then, Kl Omori, Gm Ralph, Jm Hoenig
VIMS Articles
Cohort slicing can be used to obtain catch-at-age data from length frequency distributions when directly measured age data are unavailable. The procedure systematically underestimates the relative abundance of the youngest age groups and overestimates abundance at older ages. Cohort-sliced catch-at-age data can be used to estimate total mortality rate (Z) using a regression estimator or the Chapman-Robson estimator for right truncated data. However, the effect of cohort slicing on accuracy and precision of resulting Z estimates remains to be determined. We used Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the per cent bias and per cent root mean square error of the …
Role Of Dissolved Nitrate And Phosphate In Isolates Of Mesodinium Rubrum And Toxin-Producing Dinophysis Acuminata, Mm Tong, Jl Smith, Dm Kulis, Dm Anderson
Role Of Dissolved Nitrate And Phosphate In Isolates Of Mesodinium Rubrum And Toxin-Producing Dinophysis Acuminata, Mm Tong, Jl Smith, Dm Kulis, Dm Anderson
VIMS Articles
Mesodinium rubrum (as prey) is a critical component, in addition to light, for growth and toxin production by the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuminata. Little is known, however, about the role that dissolved inorganic nutrients play in this predator-prey relationship and system toxicity. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the possible uptake of dissolved nitrate and phosphate by (1) D. acuminata starved of prey, (2) D. acuminata feeding on M. rubrum, and (3) M. rubrum grown in nutritionally modified medium. All single-clone or mixed cultures were monitored for dissolved and particulate nutrient levels over the growth cycle, as well …
Event-To-Seasonal Sediment Dispersal On The Waipaoa River Shelf, New Zealand: A Numerical Modeling Study, Julia M. Moriarty, Courtney K. Harris, Mg Hadfield
Event-To-Seasonal Sediment Dispersal On The Waipaoa River Shelf, New Zealand: A Numerical Modeling Study, Julia M. Moriarty, Courtney K. Harris, Mg Hadfield
VIMS Articles
The formation of the geologic record offshore of small mountainous rivers is event-driven and, more so than many other environments, can result in relatively complete sequences. One such river, the Waipaoa in New Zealand, has been studied from its terrestrial source to its oceanic sink over timescales spanning storms, seasons, and the Holocene. This study focused on the formation of riverine deposits on the Waipaoa Shelf during episodic flood and wave events, contrasting deposition during short-lived events to accumulation patterns created over thirteen months. Sediment fluxes and fate were estimated using the numerical hydrodynamic and sediment transport model ROMS, the …
Copepod Carcasses As Microbial Hot Spots For Pelagic Denitrification, Rn Glud, Hp Grossart, M Larsen, Kw Tang, Ke Arendt, Et Al
Copepod Carcasses As Microbial Hot Spots For Pelagic Denitrification, Rn Glud, Hp Grossart, M Larsen, Kw Tang, Ke Arendt, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Copepods are exposed to a high non-predatory mortality and their decomposing carcasses act as microniches with intensified microbial activity. Sinking carcasses could thereby represent anoxic microenvironment sustaining anaerobic microbial pathways in otherwise oxic water columns. Using non-invasive O-2 imaging, we document that carcasses of Calanus finmarchicus had an anoxic interior even at fully air-saturated ambient O-2 level. The extent of anoxia gradually expanded with decreasing ambient O-2 levels. Concurrent microbial sampling showed the expression of nitrite reductase genes (nirS) in all investigated carcass samples and thereby documented the potential for microbial denitrification in carcasses. The nirS gene was occasionally expressed …
Sediment Transport-Based Metrics Of Wetland Stability, Nk Ganju, Matthew L. Kirwan, Pj Dickhudt, Gr Guntenspergen, Dr Cahoon, Kd Kroeger
Sediment Transport-Based Metrics Of Wetland Stability, Nk Ganju, Matthew L. Kirwan, Pj Dickhudt, Gr Guntenspergen, Dr Cahoon, Kd Kroeger
VIMS Articles
Despite the importance of sediment availability on wetland stability, vulnerability assessments seldom consider spatiotemporal variability of sediment transport. Models predict that the maximum rate of sea level rise a marsh can survive is proportional to suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and accretion. In contrast, we find that SSC and accretion are higher in an unstable marsh than in an adjacent stable marsh, suggesting that these metrics cannot describe wetland vulnerability. Therefore, we propose the flood/ebb SSC differential and organic-inorganic suspended sediment ratio as better vulnerability metrics. The unstable marsh favors sediment export (18mgL(-1) higher on ebb tides), while the stable marsh …
Influence Of Central Pacific Oceanographic Conditions On The Potential Vertical Habitat Of Four Tropical Tuna Species, Al Deary, S Moret-Ferguson, M Engels, E Zettler, G Jaroslow
Influence Of Central Pacific Oceanographic Conditions On The Potential Vertical Habitat Of Four Tropical Tuna Species, Al Deary, S Moret-Ferguson, M Engels, E Zettler, G Jaroslow
VIMS Articles
Climate change has resulted in the geographic and vertical expansion of oxygen minimum zones but their impact on the vertical distribution of commercially important species, such as tunas, is not well understood. Although La Nina events are characterized by increased upwelling along the equator, the increased primary productivity and bacterial proliferation drive the expansion of oxygen minimum zones. Vertical habitat of four tropical tuna species were characterized using direct observations of the oceanographic conditions of the Central Pacific Ocean during the 2008 La Nina event and existing primary literature on temperature and dissolved oxygen physiological tolerances for these tunas. Concentrations …
Corrigendum To Visual Acuity In Pelagic Fishes And Mollusks (Vol 92, Pg 1, 2013), Yl Gagnon, Tt Sutton, S Johnsen
Corrigendum To Visual Acuity In Pelagic Fishes And Mollusks (Vol 92, Pg 1, 2013), Yl Gagnon, Tt Sutton, S Johnsen
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Simulating Bottom-Up Effects On Predator Productivity And Consequences For The Rebuilding Timeline Of A Depleted Population, A Buchheister, Mj Wilberg, Tj Miller, Rj Latour
Simulating Bottom-Up Effects On Predator Productivity And Consequences For The Rebuilding Timeline Of A Depleted Population, A Buchheister, Mj Wilberg, Tj Miller, Rj Latour
VIMS Articles
Bottom-up control within ecosystems is characterized, in part, by predator populations exhibiting growth and recruitment changes in response to variability in prey density or production. Annual prey availability can vary more than 10-fold in marine ecosystems, with prey experiencing a dramatic increase or pulse in production within some years. To assess the bottom-up effects of such pulses on predator growth, production, and fisheries management, we developed an age-specific, predator-prey simulation model (parameterized for summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus) based on simple hypothesized mechanisms for consumption, growth, and population dynamics. Pulses in each of the three modeled prey groups (small crustaceans, forage …
Phytoplankton-Bacterial Interactions Mediate Micronutrient Colimitation At The Coastal Antarctic Sea Ice Edge, Em Bertrand, Jp Mccrow, A Moustafa, H Zheng, Jb Mcquaid, Af Post, Rachel E. Sipler, Jl Spackeen, K Xu, Da Bronk, Da Hutchins, Ae Allen
Phytoplankton-Bacterial Interactions Mediate Micronutrient Colimitation At The Coastal Antarctic Sea Ice Edge, Em Bertrand, Jp Mccrow, A Moustafa, H Zheng, Jb Mcquaid, Af Post, Rachel E. Sipler, Jl Spackeen, K Xu, Da Bronk, Da Hutchins, Ae Allen
VIMS Articles
Southern Ocean primary productivity plays a key role in global ocean biogeochemistry and climate. At the Southern Ocean sea ice edge in coastal McMurdo Sound, we observed simultaneous cobalamin and iron limitation of surface water phytoplankton communities in late Austral summer. Cobalamin is produced only by bacteria and archaea, suggesting phytoplankton-bacterial interactions must play a role in this limitation. To characterize these interactions and investigate the molecular basis of multiple nutrient limitation, we examined transitions in global gene expression over short time scales, induced by shifts in micronutrient availability. Diatoms, the dominant primary producers, exhibited transcriptional patterns indicative of co-occurring …
A Generalized Model For Longitudinal Short- And Long-Term Mortality Data For Commercial Fishery Discards And Recreational Fishery Catch-And-Releases, Hp Benoit, Cw Capizzano, Rj Knotek, David Rudders, Ja Sulikowski, Et Al.
A Generalized Model For Longitudinal Short- And Long-Term Mortality Data For Commercial Fishery Discards And Recreational Fishery Catch-And-Releases, Hp Benoit, Cw Capizzano, Rj Knotek, David Rudders, Ja Sulikowski, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
Conservation concerns and new management policies such as the implementation of ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management are motivating an increasing need for estimates of mortality associated with commercial fishery discards and released fish from recreational fisheries. Traditional containment studies and emerging techniques using electronic tags on fish released to the wild are producing longitudinal mortality-time data from which discard or release mortalities can be estimated, but where there may also be a need to account analytically for other sources of mortality. In this study, we present theoretical and empirical arguments for a parametric mixture-distribution model for discard mortality data. We …
Reproductive Skew Drives Patterns Of Sexual Dimorphism In Sponge-Dwelling Snapping Shrimps, Stc Chak, Je Duffy, Dr Rubenstein
Reproductive Skew Drives Patterns Of Sexual Dimorphism In Sponge-Dwelling Snapping Shrimps, Stc Chak, Je Duffy, Dr Rubenstein
VIMS Articles
Sexual dimorphism is typically a result of strong sexual selection on male traits used in male male competition and subsequent female choice. However, in social species where reproduction is monopolized by one or a few individuals in a group, selection on secondary sexual characteristics may be strong in both sexes. Indeed, sexual dimorphism is reduced in many cooperatively breeding vertebrates and eusocial insects with totipotent workers, presumably because of increased selection on female traits. Here, we examined the relationship between sexual dimorphism and sociality in eight species of Synalpheus snapping shrimps that vary in social structure and degree of reproductive …
Stable Isotopic And Biomarker Evidence Of Terrigenous Organic Matter Export To The Deep Sea During Tropical Storms, K Selvaraj, Ty Lee, Jyt Yang, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Jc Huang, Et Al.
Stable Isotopic And Biomarker Evidence Of Terrigenous Organic Matter Export To The Deep Sea During Tropical Storms, K Selvaraj, Ty Lee, Jyt Yang, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Jc Huang, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The global export of organic carbon (OC) is intimately linked to the total flux of terrestrial sediment to the ocean, with the continental margins receiving similar to 90% of the sediment generated by erosion on land. Recent studies suggest that a substantial amount of particulate OC (POC) might escape from the shelf and be exported to the continental slope-deep sea sector, although the mechanisms and magnitude of such deep sea POC transfer remain unknown. Here we investigate hyperpycnal flow-associated total suspended matter (TSM) collected from water depths of similar to 3000 m, near the bottom of sea floor, in the …
Marine Biodiversity And Ecosystem Functioning: What's Known And What's Next?, L Gamfeldt, Js Lefcheck, Jek Byrnes, Bj Cardinale, Je Duffy
Marine Biodiversity And Ecosystem Functioning: What's Known And What's Next?, L Gamfeldt, Js Lefcheck, Jek Byrnes, Bj Cardinale, Je Duffy
VIMS Articles
Marine ecosystems are experiencing rapid and pervasive changes in biodiversity and species composition. Understanding the ecosystem consequences of these changes is critical to effectively managing these systems. Over the last several years, numerous experimental manipulations of species richness have been performed, yet existing quantitative syntheses have focused on a just a subset of processes measured in experiments and, as such, have not summarized the full data available from marine systems. Here, we present the results of a meta-analysis of 110 marine experiments from 42 studies that manipulated the species richness of organisms across a range of taxa and trophic levels …
Perkinsus Sp Infections And In Vitro Isolates From Anadara Trapezia (Mud Arks) Of Queensland, Australia, C Dang, Cf Dungan, Gp Scott, Kimberly S. Reece
Perkinsus Sp Infections And In Vitro Isolates From Anadara Trapezia (Mud Arks) Of Queensland, Australia, C Dang, Cf Dungan, Gp Scott, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Perkinsus sp. protists were found infecting Anadara trapezia mud ark cockles at 6 sites in Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia, at prevalences of 4 to 100% during 2011 as determined by surveys using Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium. Perkinsus sp. lesions were found among gill and visceral connective tissues in histological samples from several cockles, where basophilic, eccentrically vacuolated Perkinsus sp. signet ring trophozoites and proliferating, Perkinsus sp. schizont cells were documented. Two Perkinsus sp. isolates were propagated in vitro during August 2013 from gill tissues of a single infected A. trapezia cockle from Wynnum in Moreton Bay. DNA from those isolate …
Seasonality Of Biological And Physical Controls On Surface Ocean Co2 From Hourly Observations At The Southern Ocean Time Series Site South Of Australia, Eh Shadwick, Tw Trull, B Tilbrook, Aj Sutton, E Schulz, Et Al.
Seasonality Of Biological And Physical Controls On Surface Ocean Co2 From Hourly Observations At The Southern Ocean Time Series Site South Of Australia, Eh Shadwick, Tw Trull, B Tilbrook, Aj Sutton, E Schulz, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), which covers the northern half of the Southern Ocean between the Subtropical and Subantarctic Fronts, is important for air-sea CO2 exchange, ventilation of the lower thermocline, and nutrient supply for global ocean productivity. Here we present the first high-resolution autonomous observations of mixed layer CO2 partial pressure (pCO(2)) and hydrographic properties covering a full annual cycle in the SAZ. The amplitude of the seasonal cycle in pCO(2) (similar to 60 mu atm), from near-atmospheric equilibrium in late winter to similar to 330 mu atm in midsummer, results from opposing physical and biological drivers. Decomposing these contributions …
Genetic And Biogeochemical Investigation Of Sedimentary Nitrogen Cycling Communities Responding To Tidal And Seasonal Dynamics In Cape Fear River Estuary, Ja Lisa, Bk Song, Cr Tobias, De Hines
Genetic And Biogeochemical Investigation Of Sedimentary Nitrogen Cycling Communities Responding To Tidal And Seasonal Dynamics In Cape Fear River Estuary, Ja Lisa, Bk Song, Cr Tobias, De Hines
VIMS Articles
Tidal and seasonal fluctuations in the oligohaline reaches of estuaries may alter geochemical features that influence structure and function of microbial communities involved in sedimentary nitrogen (N) cycling. In order to evaluate sediment community responses to short-term (tidal) and long-term (seasonal) changes in different tidal regimes, nitrogen cycling rates and genes were quantified in three sites that span a range of tidal influence in the upper portion of the Cape Fear River Estuary. Environmental parameters were monitored during low and high tides in winter and spring. N-15 tracer incubation experiments were conducted to measure nitrification, denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), …
Ecology Of The Ocean Sunfish, Mola Mola, In The Southern California Current System, Tm Thys, Jp Ryan, H Dewar, Cr Perle, K Lyons, Kevin C. Weng, Et Al.
Ecology Of The Ocean Sunfish, Mola Mola, In The Southern California Current System, Tm Thys, Jp Ryan, H Dewar, Cr Perle, K Lyons, Kevin C. Weng, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The common ocean sunfish, Mola mola, occupies a unique position in the eastern Pacific Ocean and the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME) as the world's heaviest, most fecund bony fish, and one of the most abundant gelativores. M. mola frequently occur as bycatch in fisheries worldwide and comprise the greatest portion of the bycatch in California's large-mesh drift gillnet fishery. In this first long-term tagging study of any ocean sunfish species in the eastern Pacific, 15 M. mola (99 cm to 200 cm total length) were tagged in the southern California Bight (SCB) between 2003 and 2010 using 14 …
Image Processing Methods For In Situ Estimation Of Cohesive Sediment Floc Size, Settling Velocity, And Density, Sj Smith, Carl T. Friedrichs
Image Processing Methods For In Situ Estimation Of Cohesive Sediment Floc Size, Settling Velocity, And Density, Sj Smith, Carl T. Friedrichs
VIMS Articles
Recent advances in development of in situ video settling columns have significantly contributed toward fine-sediment dynamics research through concurrent measurement of suspended sediment floc size distributions and settling velocities, which together also allow inference of floc density. Along with image resolution and sizing, two additional challenges in video analysis from these devices are the automated tracking of settling particles and accounting for fluid motions within the settling column. A combination of particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) image analysis techniques is described, which permits general automation of image analysis collected from video settling columns. In the fixed …
Evaluating The Predictive Performance Of Empirical Estimators Of Natural Mortality Rate Using Information On Over 200 Fish Species, Ay Then, Jm Hoenig, Ng Hall, Da Hewitt
Evaluating The Predictive Performance Of Empirical Estimators Of Natural Mortality Rate Using Information On Over 200 Fish Species, Ay Then, Jm Hoenig, Ng Hall, Da Hewitt
VIMS Articles
Many methods have been developed in the last 70 years to predict the natural mortality rate, M, of a stock based on empirical evidence from comparative life history studies. These indirect or empirical methods are used in most stock assessments to (i) obtain estimates of M in the absence of direct information, (ii) check on the reasonableness of a direct estimate of M, (iii) examine the range of plausible M estimates for the stock under consideration, and (iv) define prior distributions for Bayesian analyses. The two most cited empirical methods have appeared in the literature over 2500 times to date. …