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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Future Of The Virginia Oyster Industry, Curtis L. Newcombe, R. Winston Menzel
Future Of The Virginia Oyster Industry, Curtis L. Newcombe, R. Winston Menzel
VIMS Articles
CHESAPEAKE BAY has long been famous for its oysters. Shared by Maryland and Virginia, this natural resource contributes greatly to the economic life of about thirty Tidewater counties. Virginia oyster grounds extend approximately half way up the bay and reach far up the numerous tributaries. In addition, there are thousands of acres of oyster grounds on the Sea Side of the Eastern Shore.
Despite the magnitude of the acreage adapted for growing oysters, comparatively little effort has been made to find out just how valuable the industry is to the state or to explore its possibilities for development. Federal statistics …
Research Seeks To Expand New Fishery, J.G. Mackin, R. Winston Menzel
Research Seeks To Expand New Fishery, J.G. Mackin, R. Winston Menzel
VIMS Articles
(...) In 1940, the ribbed mussels, Volsella demissus, of Tidewater Virginia were discovered by Du Pont chemists to be rich in this "provitamin D." This discovery was followed immediately by the development of a mussel fishery on the "Seaside" of Virginia's Eastern Shore peninsula, the activity centering on the large intertidal marshes where the mussels grow and in the shucking houses along the water fronts of shore towns where the mussels are steamed, shucked, and packed for shipment. This fishery has since constituted the country's principal available "provitamin D" source, and large war demands for eggs and poultry meat have …
The External Morphology Of The Third And Fourth Zoeal Stages Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Sewell H. Hopkins
The External Morphology Of The Third And Fourth Zoeal Stages Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Sewell H. Hopkins
VIMS Articles
For the past two years, workers at the Virginia Fisheries Laboratory, Williams- burg, have been attempting to rear larvae of the commercially important blue crab from the egg through all zoeal stages. In 1941 Dr. Margaret S. Lochhead worked out a successful method of hatching the eggs (Lochhead, Lochhead and Newcombe, 1942) and reared the larvae to the "second zoea" stage. During the summers of 1942 and 1943 this work was continued by Mrs. Mildred Sandoz and Miss Rosalie Rogers, who succeeded in rearing a number of individuals to the "third zoea" stage. The anatomy of the first and second …
The Effect Of Environmental Factors On Hatching, Moulting, And Survival Of Zoeal Larvae Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Mildred Sandoz, Rosalie M. Rogers
The Effect Of Environmental Factors On Hatching, Moulting, And Survival Of Zoeal Larvae Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Mildred Sandoz, Rosalie M. Rogers
VIMS Articles
The blue crab constitutes a major fishery of the Chesapeake Bay amount- ing in 1939 to about fifty-seven million pounds. During the past two decades there have been pronounced fluctuations in the catches attributed to weather conditions and to industrial practices. Thus, from 1939 to 1941 the crab catch declined over 50% in Maryland and about 40% in Virginia (U. S. Fishery Statistics, '41). Since then there has been a marked increase in production.
For successful management of the fishery, further biological information is required to provide a sound basis for conservation policy. The particular biological problem with which we …
Seafoods : Their Wartime Role In Maintaining Nutritional Standards, Curtis L. Newcombe, Grace J. Blank
Seafoods : Their Wartime Role In Maintaining Nutritional Standards, Curtis L. Newcombe, Grace J. Blank
VIMS Articles
Recent years have witnessed improved dietary changes, due largely to an increase in knowledge of nutrition and to a wide dissemination of this knowledge.
Since about 1915 there has been a significant upward trend in· the consumption of milk, green leafy vegetables, tomatoes, and citrus fruits-the so-called protective foods-all of which are extremely rich in those nutrients that are often deficient in low-cost diets. The total weight of food consumed per person per year has remained fairly constant, but there has been a downward trend for meats, grain products, and potatoes, and the use of the protective foods has been …
Steps Toward Crab Conservation In Chesapeake Bay, Mildred Sandoz
Steps Toward Crab Conservation In Chesapeake Bay, Mildred Sandoz
VIMS Articles
Blue crabs have increased in abundance in Chesapeake Bay since 1941, but In that year an acute shortage developed which threatened the entire fishery. 'IThe serious decline of the fishery, which began in 1940, demonstrated the necessity of finding a way of assuring rapid recovery and preventing a recurrence of similar shortages. One significant step in this direction was taken by the Commission of Fisheries of Virginia in 1941, upon the request of the Hampton Crab Packers Association. A large sanctuary was established at the mouth of the bay, closed to crab fishing during July and August, to protect egg-bearing …
Methods Of Hatching Eggs Of The Blue Crab, Margaret S. Lochhead, Curtis L. Newcombe
Methods Of Hatching Eggs Of The Blue Crab, Margaret S. Lochhead, Curtis L. Newcombe
VIMS Articles
The blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, is the only important marketable crustacean in Chesapeake Bay. While this body of water may be regarded as a center of its numerical distribution, blue crabs in the United States range from Cape Cod south to Texas. Their economic importance is indicated by records of the Federal Government which report for the four-year period 1936-39, an annual average of over 82 million hard crabs valued at about $526,000 from Virginia and 56 million worth about $382,000 from Maryland. Soft crab catches in the two states during this period were approximately the same, amounting in …
Observations On The Conservation Of The Chesapeake Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Curtis L. Newcombe, Ellen H. Gray
Observations On The Conservation Of The Chesapeake Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Curtis L. Newcombe, Ellen H. Gray
VIMS Articles
It is a matter of common knowledge among conservationists that the blue crab supply of the Chesapeake is rapidly declining, being reduced from a level of about 17 millions in 1931 to that of about 10 million crabs in 1937. (Md. Rept. 1937). Numerous explanations have been advanced to account for this decline. One outstanding reason is the taking of such large numbers of "sponge" (berried) crabs and mated female crabs, a practice which undoubtedly reduces the potential supply of young crabs for the ensuing year.
Another menace to the survival of the blue crab lies in the way in …
Conserving Our Salt-Water Fisheries: Work Of The Virginia Fisheries Laboratory, Curtis L. Newcombe
Conserving Our Salt-Water Fisheries: Work Of The Virginia Fisheries Laboratory, Curtis L. Newcombe
VIMS Articles
Even the casual visitor to many of our small Tidewater Virginia fishing communities will see signs of diminishing prosperity. A prosperous era has been succeeded by a period of lower economic and social levels.
What are the underlying causes of this declining trend? In facing this problem, so broad in its scope and so serious in its effect, the Virginia Fisheries Laboratory has, during the past year, effected an organization for analyzing conditions in our commercial fisheries and for disseminating facts about them and the need for their conservation.