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Articles 91 - 120 of 171
Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Law
The Founders’ Privacy: The Fourth Amendment And The Power Of Technological Surveillance, Raymond Shih Ray Ku
The Founders’ Privacy: The Fourth Amendment And The Power Of Technological Surveillance, Raymond Shih Ray Ku
Faculty Publications
Part I of this Article briefly discusses the history and origins of the Fourth Amendment and its relationship to the doc- trine of separation of powers. Part I argues that the central purpose of the amendment was not to define various aspects of life as private, but to guarantee that the people defined the limits of the executive's surveillance power. Part II then examines the Supreme Court's Fourth Amendment jurisprudence dealing with technology prior to Kyllo, and the problems associated with this jurisprudence. Part II argues that the Supreme Court's framing of the privacy question as whether a new search …
An End To Gene Patents? The Human Genome Project Versus The United States Patent And Trademark Office's 1999 Utility Guidelines, Mary Breen Smith
An End To Gene Patents? The Human Genome Project Versus The United States Patent And Trademark Office's 1999 Utility Guidelines, Mary Breen Smith
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
Disease Management And Liability In The Human Genome Era, Larry I. Palmer
Disease Management And Liability In The Human Genome Era, Larry I. Palmer
Villanova Law Review (1956 - )
No abstract provided.
Are You My Parent? Are You My Child? The Role Of Genetics And Race In Defining Relationships After Reproductive Technological Mistakes, 5 Depaul J. Health Care L. 15 (2002), Raizel Liebler
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
Imagine that you are a married woman who wants to have a genetically related child with your husband. Your doctor tells you that you are infertile, and therefore you and your husband go to XYZ fertility clinic to receive in vitro treatment. You have your eggs harvested, your husband supplies sperm, and ten embryos are created. Five embryos are implanted in your uterus and five are frozen and kept by the fertility clinic for your later use. You successfully conceive and give birth to twins. You notice that the children you give birth to are of a different race than …
Public Vs. Proprietary Science: A Fruitful Tension?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Richard R. Nelson
Public Vs. Proprietary Science: A Fruitful Tension?, Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Richard R. Nelson
Articles
What should be public and what should be private in scientific research? The competitive sprint of public and private laboratories to complete the sequence of the human genome has brought this question to the fore. The same question frames the developing struggle over terms of access to human embryonic stem cell lines and the conflict between Microsoft and the open source movement over how best to promote software development. We expect such conflicts to become more widespread as the role of for-profit research expands in a broader range of scientific fields. Will science progress more swiftly and fruitfully if its …
Banking For The Unbanked, Michael S. Barr
Banking For The Unbanked, Michael S. Barr
Articles
The consequences of not having access to mainstream financial services can be severe. Fim, the "unbanked" face high costs for basic financial servies. For example, a 2000 Treasury [U.S. Treasury Department] study found that a worker eaming $12,000 a year would pay approximately $250 annually just to cash payroll checks at a check cashing outlet, in addition to fees for money orders, wire transfers, bill payments, and other common transactions. Regular payments with low credit risk that could be directly deposited into bank accounts, with significantly lower payment systems costs, form the bulk of checks cashed at these check cashing …
"Unitorrial" Marks And The Global Economy, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 191 (2002), Doris E. Long
"Unitorrial" Marks And The Global Economy, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 191 (2002), Doris E. Long
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The early decades of the 21st Century may well become known in the annals of intellectual property development as the period when “everything old is new again.” There is one ancient doctrine that has not yet enjoyed a similar renaissance, despite its clear application to today’s new, global, digital economy. It is the old (and currently discredited) view that trademarks and other commercial symbols are universal in nature. First given credence in early US cases regarding the importation of grey market, or parallel imports, the doctrine of universality was gradually replaced by a view of trademarks as creatures of nation …
Trade Dress Protection And The Problem Of Distinctiveness, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 225 (2002), Mark V.B. Partridge
Trade Dress Protection And The Problem Of Distinctiveness, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 225 (2002), Mark V.B. Partridge
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The problem of trade dress protection is this: What rules should we apply to trade dress protection to best satisfy the goals of trademark law? The merit of various proposed solutions can be measured by evaluating how effective they are in achieving those goals in various disputes. Both distinctiveness and likelihood of confusion should be understood from the perspective of the relevant public, not from that of the court, the trademark owner or the infringer. The questions we seek to answer only have coherent meaning if we consider the perception of the public. Otherwise, we are unable to determine if …
The Three Stages To Successful Appellate Advocacy Before The Federal Circuit, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 238 (2002), Charles W. Shifley
The Three Stages To Successful Appellate Advocacy Before The Federal Circuit, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 238 (2002), Charles W. Shifley
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
To succeed at the CAFC, the advocate must succeed in three stages of appeal. The first stage of appeal is actually the stage of proceedings in the trial court. The trial court proceedings are the first stage of appeal because in the absence of correct advocacy in the trial court, there is no opportunity for appeal. The action in the trial court need not be the success of winning at trial. It must, however, at least be the success of preserving issues for appeal – preserving critical error that cannot be remedied at the trial level. In the second stage …
An Enzo White Paper: A New Judicial Standard For A Biotechnology "Written Description" Under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 1, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 254 (2002), Harold C. Wegner
An Enzo White Paper: A New Judicial Standard For A Biotechnology "Written Description" Under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 1, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 254 (2002), Harold C. Wegner
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The April 2, 2002, Federal Circuit opinion in Enzo Biochem, Inc. v. Gen-Probe Inc., may have the greatest potential impact on a multidimensional basis of any decision from that court in recent years. Far more important than whatever disruption takes place domestically—which may be fixed through Congressional or further judicial action—one must look to the foreign impact of the Enzo opinion. This decision threatens to undermine the patent basis for American protection of biotechnology inventions abroad, once the case is understood and embodied in the several foreign patent laws. Problems with Enzo are not limited to biotechnology. What’s good for …
Go To Jail - Do Not Pass Go, Do Not Pay Civil Damages: The United States’ Hesitation Towards The International Convention On Cybercrime’S Copyright Provisions, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 364 (2002), Adrienne N. Kitchen
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The problem of combating copyright infringement increases tenfold when considered in light of today’s global and digital environment. As more authors seek copyright protection, others seek to get around it by evading jurisdictional reach. The Council of Europe has developed the world’s first International Convention on Cybercrime, which incorporates harsh substantive copyright provisions but neglects to include effective enforcement protocols. This Comment proposes that the United States not rush to adopt the Council of Europe’s Convention, but rather seek a more definitive and effective solution in a singularly-focused agreement on intellectual property rights in a global economic context.
Prosecution Laches As A Defense To Infringement: Just In Case There Are Any More Submarines Under Water, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 383 (2002), Gregory F. Sutthiwan
Prosecution Laches As A Defense To Infringement: Just In Case There Are Any More Submarines Under Water, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 383 (2002), Gregory F. Sutthiwan
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
The comment examines prosecution history laches as an infringement defense in the context of the pending litigation against the Jerome Lemelson Medical Education & Research Foundation. Jerome Lemelson amassed over five hundred patents during his lifetime. Of these, a few key patents have priority based on initial disclosures over forty years ago. Through multiple continuances however, the patents were not issued until decades later and are thus currently enforceable. Lemelson’s foundation has been aggressively seeking royalties based on these, so called “submarine patents,” against bar-code technology users. This comment discusses the problems posed by “submarine patents” and proposes guidelines for …
The Nexus Requirement And The Fatal Injury: Does An Offer To Sell An Infringing Product Give Rise To A Duty To Defend Under A Cgl?, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 344 (2002), Willard L. Hemsworth Iii
The Nexus Requirement And The Fatal Injury: Does An Offer To Sell An Infringing Product Give Rise To A Duty To Defend Under A Cgl?, 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 344 (2002), Willard L. Hemsworth Iii
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
Case law in the area of patent infringement has held that patent infringement cannot occur in the course of an insured's advertising activities as a matter of law. In 1996, the United States added “offer to sell” as one of the enumerated offenses of direct patent infringement to 35 U.S.C. §271(a). Since that time, there has been little deviation or fluctuation from the above mentioned principle, especially in litigation where a patentee’s search for insurance coverage from their CGL policies “Adverting Injury” provision. This Comment discusses the necessity of the court system to reexamine the modification to 35 U.S.C. §271(a), …
Employee Inventors, The Dual Ladder, And The Useful Arts: From Thomas Paine To The "Dilbert Boycott", 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 310 (2002), Ronald E. Andermann
Employee Inventors, The Dual Ladder, And The Useful Arts: From Thomas Paine To The "Dilbert Boycott", 1 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 310 (2002), Ronald E. Andermann
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
To address limitations on the promotion of the progress of the useful arts, the Framers provided a Constitutional grant in the Patent Clause. They did so despite Thomas Jefferson’s concerns. However, limitations on the promotion of the useful arts continue today, often in very subtle ways. The evolution of dual-ladder corporate organizations as described in Martens has given rise to one such limitation—the phenomenon identified as the “Dilbert boycott.” Also, financially lucrative markets can give rise to abusive limitations on the promotion of the useful arts as in Synthroid. Combining these limitations with Thomas Jefferson’s fears of even limited monopolies …
The Genetic Age: Who Owns The Genome?: A Symposium On Intellectual Property And The Human Genome, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 6 (2002), Scott A. Brown, Q. Todd Dickinson, Stephen P.A. Fodor, Justin Gillis, Lee H. Hamilton, Eric S. Lander, Pilar Ossorio
The Genetic Age: Who Owns The Genome?: A Symposium On Intellectual Property And The Human Genome, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 6 (2002), Scott A. Brown, Q. Todd Dickinson, Stephen P.A. Fodor, Justin Gillis, Lee H. Hamilton, Eric S. Lander, Pilar Ossorio
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
A Symposium on Intellectual Property Co-Sponsored by The Woodrow Wilson Center. Featuring the remarks of Scott A. Brown, J.D.; Q. Todd Dickinson, J.D.; Stephen P.A. Fodor, Ph.D.; Justin Gillis; Hon. Lee H. Hamilton; Eric S. Lander, Ph.D.; and Pilar Ossorio, Ph.D., J.D.
"Interpretive Necromancy" Or Prudent Patent Policy? The Supreme Court’S “Arising Under” Blunder In Holmes Group V. Vornado, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 57 (2002), Janice M. Mueller
"Interpretive Necromancy" Or Prudent Patent Policy? The Supreme Court’S “Arising Under” Blunder In Holmes Group V. Vornado, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 57 (2002), Janice M. Mueller
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
An Information Society Approach To Privacy Legislation: How To Enhance Privacy While Maximizing Information Value, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 71 (2002), Dana Beldiman
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Mickey Mouse & Sonny Bono Go To Court: The Copyright Term Extension Act And Its Effect On Current And Future Rights, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 95 (2002), Victoria A. Grzelak
Mickey Mouse & Sonny Bono Go To Court: The Copyright Term Extension Act And Its Effect On Current And Future Rights, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 95 (2002), Victoria A. Grzelak
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Has The Reasonable Experimentation Doctrine Become Unreasonable?: Rethinking The Reasonable Experimentation Doctrine In Light Of Automated Experimental Techniques, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 116 (2002), Mark H. Hopkins
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Federal Intellectual Property Law V. State Sovereignty: Can Congress Win?, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 159 (2002), Himanshu Vyas
Federal Intellectual Property Law V. State Sovereignty: Can Congress Win?, 2 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 159 (2002), Himanshu Vyas
UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Genetics And Artificial Procreation In The U.S.A., Carl E. Scheider, Lynn Wardle
Genetics And Artificial Procreation In The U.S.A., Carl E. Scheider, Lynn Wardle
Book Chapters
We national reporters have been asked to provide in a few pages such a range of information about the law and practice of medicine generally, genetic and artificial reproductive techniques specifically, and related family law and human rights issues that probably no country's reporter could pretend to have succeeded. We reporters for the United States, particularly, must stress the limitations of our report at the outset. It is difficult to summarize the American law and practice because they are so extraordinarily various and dynamic. There are several reasons for this, most of which will in uncanny ways confirm many of …
Copyright Limitations And Contracts. An Analysis Of The Contractual Overridability Of Limitations On Copyright, Lucie Guibault
Copyright Limitations And Contracts. An Analysis Of The Contractual Overridability Of Limitations On Copyright, Lucie Guibault
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
Traditional copyright law strikes a delicate balance between an author's control of original material and society's interest in the free flow of ideas, information, and commerce. In today's digitally networked environment, this balance has shifted dramatically to one side, as powerful rights holders contractually impose terms and conditions of use far beyond the bounds set by copyright law. This vitally significant book explores this conflict from its gestation through its current manifestations to its future lineaments and potential consequences. Focusing on statutory copyright limitations that enshrine constitutional rights such as freedom of expression and privacy, foster dissemination of knowledge, safeguard …
Assisted Reproductive Technologies And The Constitution, Carl H. Coleman
Assisted Reproductive Technologies And The Constitution, Carl H. Coleman
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Article discusses potential policies regarding assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). The initial question is whether ARTs should be viewed as private matters or as issues that affect overall social good. The author explains that this question may be answered by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the principles of procreative liberty. He then examines Supreme Court decisions regarding reproductive rights, including the unstated right to bear children as well as abortion rights. He extrapolates from these cases the Court's possible views on ARTs and what constitutional protections should be afforded reproductive technologies.
Patents On Dna Sequences: Molecules And Information, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Patents On Dna Sequences: Molecules And Information, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Book Chapters
As public and private sector initiatives raced to complete the sequence of the human genome, patent issues played a prominent role in speculations about the significance of this achievement. How much of the genome would be subject to the control of patent holders, and what would this mean for future research and the development of products for the improvement of human health in a patent system developed to establish rights in mechanical inventions of an earlier era up to the task of resolving competing claim, to the genome on behalf or the many sequential innovators who elucidate its sequence and …
How Should Legislation Deal With Children As The Victims And Perpetrators Of Cyberstalking?, Kimberly Wingteung Seto
How Should Legislation Deal With Children As The Victims And Perpetrators Of Cyberstalking?, Kimberly Wingteung Seto
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note argues that current federal and state laws are inadequate to address the growing issue of cyberstalking, particularly due to outdated legal standards and the unique challenges posed by online anonymity. It emphasizes the vulnerability of children to cyberstalking and advocates for legal reforms, increased penalties, and improved education for parents and law enforcement to effectively combat this issue.
Beyond Napster: Using Antitrust Law To Advance And Enhance Online Music Distribution, Frank Pasquale, Matthew Fagin, Kim Weatherall
Beyond Napster: Using Antitrust Law To Advance And Enhance Online Music Distribution, Frank Pasquale, Matthew Fagin, Kim Weatherall
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Internet, Regulation And The Market For Loyalties: An Economic Analysis Of Transborder Information Flow, Paul D. Callister
The Internet, Regulation And The Market For Loyalties: An Economic Analysis Of Transborder Information Flow, Paul D. Callister
Faculty Works
As the Internet has gained prevalence, attention has turned to its regulation. Indeed, regulation proves to be a unique and complex problem, given the Internet's lack of traditional borders and boundaries. Highlighting possible avenues of regulation, the author discusses neo-classical economic theory, specifically Monroe E. Price's market for loyalties theory. Although originally applied to the regulation of broadcasting, the author contends that the market for loyalties theory can also be applied to the Internet. Building on Professor Price's pioneering analysis, the article extends the theory to examine market elasticity's effect on the loss of monopoly control over information flow (as …
The Taming Of The Precautionary Principle, John S. Applegate
The Taming Of The Precautionary Principle, John S. Applegate
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: An Historical Analysis Of Copyright Liability, Matt Jackson
One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: An Historical Analysis Of Copyright Liability, Matt Jackson
Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Beyond Napster--The Future Of The Digital Commons: Introduction, Elizabeth Rindskopf Parker
Beyond Napster--The Future Of The Digital Commons: Introduction, Elizabeth Rindskopf Parker
McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles
No abstract provided.