Property Law and Real Estate Commons^™

Management Approaches To Addressing Takings Issues: Endangered Species Protection, I. Michael Heyman

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

15 pages.

Contains footnotes.

Searching For Basinwide Solutions To Endangered Species Problems Of The South Platte Of Colorado, James S. Lochhead

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

42 pages (includes illustrations and map).

Contains endnotes.

What A Federal Natural Resource Management Agency Can Do To Avoid Takings, John D. Leshy

Regulatory Takings and Resources: What Are the Constitutional Limits? (Summer Conference, June 13-15)

6 pages.

Book Review, Land Use Regulation And Legal Rhetoric: Broadening The Terms Of Debate, R. S. Radford

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Dennis Coyle’s new book, Property Rights and the Constitution, is an important addition to the ongoing debate over the constitutional status of private property. Coyle selectively reviews important land use cases decided by the United States Supreme Court and various states in the post-New Deal era. More importantly, Coyle provides an ideological framework that illuminates several key strands in the constitutional jurisprudence of property law. Coyle traces the ebb and flow of competing attitudes toward property rights and regulation in a way that makes sense of the sometimes chaotic body of case law in this field. In the process, he …

Essay: Some Thoughts On The Relationship Between Property Rights And Immigration Policy, Robert W. Mcgee

Cleveland State Law Review

Most articles and books that have been written on immigration policy start from a utilitarian position. They discuss issues such as whether immigration, on balance, is more harmful than beneficial, and whether allowing immigrants into the country results in job losses, increases in welfare costs, aids in economic growth, and so forth. This article is distinctly different in focus. Although utilitarian themes are discussed, this article places the main emphasis on the relationship between property rights and immigration policy.

Book Review--Global Dimensions Of Intellectual Property Rights In Science And Technology, Mark J. Patterson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

A complete reading of the book leaves open the question of for whom the book is primarily intended. The best answer perhaps is that it has something to offer everyone--lawyer, scientist, intellectual property owner, economist, and politician--having an intellectual curiosity in how global intellectual property systems can and should evolve. From an individual reader's perspective, a cover to cover study of the book may leave the reader feeling overwhelmed and unsatisfied. However, if viewed as a resource, from which portions applicable to the reader's own field of interest are selected for close examination, the book has much to offer. Fortunately, …

Marketable Pollution Allowances (Great Lakes Symposium), James E. Krier

Articles

In March 1993, the EPA auctioned off 150,010 sulfer dioxide emissions permits at the Chicago Board of Trade. The auction brought in $21.4 million and ushered in the Clean Air Act's market-based approach to sulfur dioxide control. Congress created these marketable pollution allowances (MPAs) under Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 19903 to regulate acid rain pollution. While most MPAs were bought by utilities, to be exchanged as a commodity according to need, some MPAs were removed from the market solely to prevent their use by polluters. The Cleveland-based National Healthy Air License Exchange bought one allowance …

Property Rights: A View From The Trenches, Michael A. Heller

Articles

How do governments create - or in some countries recreate - basic property rights that citizens demand in the transition to a market economy? My first comment, quite briefly, is on the debate within this Symposium on the relationship between constitutional reforms and the emergence of new property regimes. Second, I will comment on the counterintuitive property rights regime that is emerging from the "big bang" - the post-1989 collapse of the old socialist legal order in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and its replacement with a new, market-oriented system of property rights.

Property Rights: A View From The Trenches, Michael A. Heller

Faculty Scholarship

How do governments create – or in some countries recreate - basic property rights that citizens demand in the transition to a market economy? My first comment, quite briefly, is on the debate within this Symposium on the relationship between constitutional reforms and the emergence of new property regimes. Second, I will comment on the counterintuitive property rights regime that is emerging from the "big bang" – the post-1989 collapse of the old socialist legal order in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and its replacement with a new, market-oriented system of property rights.

The Social Origins Of Property, Joseph William Singer, Jack M. Beermann

Faculty Scholarship

The takings clause of the United States Constitution requires government to pay compensation when private property is taken for public use.' When government regulates, but does not physically seize, property, the Supreme Court of the United States has had trouble defining when individuals have been deprived of property rights so as to give them a right to compensation. The takings clause serves "to bar Government from forcing some people alone to bear public burdens that, in all fairness and justice, should be borne by the public as a whole."' To determine when a regulation amounts to a "taking" of property …

The Legal Framework For Private Sector Activity In The Czech Republic, Cheryl W. Gray

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In this Article, Dr. Gray discusses the evolving legal framework in the Czech Republic as the government there moves from a socialist to a private market economy. The author traces the major legal developments, including the Republic's establishment of significant private property rights and of a modern commercial code. The author finds that the Republic has made significant strides in developing a private market economy and in facilitating foreign investment. Dr. Gray concludes, however, that the new laws face significant challenges, including a weak and immature judicial system and problems with addressing business failures.

Property And Liberty Reconsidered, Herman Belz

Vanderbilt Law Review

This perceptive, lucid, and sympathetic account of property rights in American constitutional law by Professor James W. Ely, Jr., is further evidence of the conservative challenge to liberal orthodoxy that has emerged in recent years in American historiography. That the book appears under the cosponsorship of the Organization of American Historians, one of the more militantly liberal scholarly associations in the United States, is a small but significant sign of the changing intellectual climate.

As conceived of in contemporary liberal historiography, protection of individual property rights is but one element of economic liberty. Equally if not more important, according to …

International Space Law: Into The Twenty-First Century, Glenn H. Reynolds

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In this Article, Professor Reynolds addresses the space law issues likely to be of most importance in the next several decades. Pressing issues include those of orbital debris and geostationary orbit crowding, private property rights in outer space resources, conflict over international trade in space goods and services, the danger of ballistic-missile technology proliferation, private remote-sensing systems, and the law of international cooperation in space. Professor Reynolds concludes with a philosophical and practical discussion of some more remote issues, including the legal systems that may govern future human societies in outer space and the legal issues that might be associated …

What Is Behind The "Property Rights" Debate?, John A. Humbach

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council' obviously presents issues that range far more broadly than just whether people should be allowed to build on beaches and dunes. Many observers have viewed the case as a splendid opportunity for the Supreme Court to re-establish private owner autonomy in land use decisions - to cut down, perhaps drastically, on elected legislatures' traditional power to protect the environment by regulating uses of land. Behind the "property rights" debate is the question of whether states and communities really ought to have the power that they have traditionally had to control the development and patterns …

Judicial Review Of The Compensation Law In Hungary, Peter Paczolay

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article analyzes the Hungarian Constitutional Court's decisions regarding a specific problem of property rights, namely the Compensation Law. It does not attempt to examine the details of broad subjects such as property rights or privatization.

Zero-Sum Madison, Thomas W. Merrill

Faculty Scholarship

Has the fabric of American constitutional law been permanently "distorted" by the Framers' preoccupation with protecting private property against redistribution? Jennifer Nedelsky thinks so. In this provocative study of how the idea of property shaped the political thought of the Framers and the institutions they designed, she argues that James Madison's constitutional philosophy was driven by fear that a future propertyless majority would seek to expropriate the holdings of a minority. To combat this danger, Madison sought to create a structure of government that would ensure the dominance of the propertied elite. Madison's obsessive fear of redistribution spread to the …

Icons And Aliens: Law, Aesthetics, And Environmental Change, Scott Schrader

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Icons and Aliens: Law, Aesthetics, and Environmental Change by John J. Costonis

Update On Market Strategies For The Protection Of Western Instream Flows And Wetlands, Robert Wigington

Moving the West's Water to New Uses: Winners and Losers (Summer Conference, June 6-8)

49 pages.

Contains references.

Wealth And Property, Thomas W. Merrill

Faculty Scholarship

Professor Stephen Munzer's study of property rights is an ambitious work. Drawing on sources as diverse as Hohfeld, Hegel, Locke, civic republicanism, Marx, the classic utilitarians, and Rawls, he seeks to develop a "pluralist" theory of property, one that synthesizes a variety of philosophical perspectives into a single "basic theory" that can be used to assess and promote the reform of different property systems. Like most attempts to achieve a grand philosophical synthesis, however, this one ultimately fails. The most obvious problem is that Munzer's basic theory is too vague and unwieldy to generate determinate answers to the kinds of …

How Much Of You Do You Really Own - A Property Right In Identity, Kathleen Birkel Dangelo

Cleveland State Law Review

An individual's identity is comprised of many different characteristics. The law has historically recognized the existence of a property right in certain characteristics of an individual, such as name and likeness. This recognition was premised on the idea that these characteristics comprise the essence of a person's identity and therefore, should be protected against appropriation by others. A problem in this area, however, has been the confusion among property, privacy, and publicity rights. Each of these rights touches the area of personal characteristics; however, the focus of each right is on a distinct area. The confusion between these rights has …

Women And The Law Of Property In Early America, David H. Bromfield

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Women and the Law of Property in Early America by Marylynn Salmon

Freeing Mortgages Of Merger, Ann M. Burkhart

Vanderbilt Law Review

Change in real property law often occurs with glacial speed.This rate of change in part reflects the normal inertia of established law. A more complete explanation, however, is the innate conservatism connected to a commodity that once was the primary source of wealth and power. That this conservatism is innate should not prevent application of Ockham's razor as needed. The relationship of the doctrine of merger to the burgeoning law of mortgages is one such area. "If the law has to bear these medieval shackles the time surely has come to examine them carefully. They may have rusted away."

The …

The Recovery Of Shipwrecks In International Waters: A Multilateral Solution, Elizabeth Barrowman

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Note will examine the current state of international law concerning property rights to all types of wrecks discovered in international waters. It will show that a multilateral convention is needed to establish an international framework for property rights to shipwrecks of historical and archaeological value, to wrecks of military vessels, and to wrecks of commercial ships such as the Titanic. There may be obstacles to the establishment of a multilateral convention, but the international community must provide certainty to ownership questions, furnish protection for submarine antiquities, and prevent disputes arising from the wrongful salvage of military vessels.

Innovative Approaches To Water Allocation: The Potential For Water Markets, Charles W. Howe

Western Water: Expanding Uses/Finite Supplies (Summer Conference, June 2-4)

20 pages.

Water Use And The Prior Appropriation Doctrine, George A. Gould

Western Water: Expanding Uses/Finite Supplies (Summer Conference, June 2-4)

24 pages.

Time, Property Rights, And The Common Law, Thomas W. Merrill

Faculty Scholarship

The fee simple is often defined as an estate or interest of "potentially infinite duration." This way of speaking suggests that property rights are fixed and permanent – indeed, that they last forever. Similarly, property rights are regarded in classical liberal thought as sources of stability and security that foster individual autonomy and protect owners against the vicissitudes of life. This too suggests that property rights are not contingent upon a particular temporal context, but rather are impervious to the passage of time.

When we look at the common law, however, we quickly discover a much more complex relationship between …

The Origins And Original Significance Of The Just Compensation Clause Of The Fifth Amendment, William Michael Treanor

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The principle that the state necessarily owes compensation when it takes private property was not generally accepted in either colonial or revolutionary America. Uncompensated takings were frequent and found justification first in appeals to the crown and later in republicanism, the ideology of the Revolution. The post-independence movement for just compensation requirements at the state and national level was part of a broader ideological shift away from republicanism, which stressed the primacy of the common good, and toward liberalism. At the time the Bill of Rights was adopted, that shift had not been completed, but the trends of the revolutionary …

Trespass, Nuisance, And The Costs Of Determining Property Rights, Thomas W. Merrill

Faculty Scholarship

The right to exclude intrusions by others, we have it on high authority, is "one of the most essential sticks in the bundle of rights that are commonly characterized as property." Yet the right to exclude is not one right; it is itself a collection or "bundle" of rights. With respect to property in land, for example, the right to exclude depends to a large extent on whether the intrusion in question is subject to the common law of trespass or of nuisance. Generally speaking, when the intrusion is governed by trespass, then there is no exception for de minimis …

Property Rights In The Balance - The Burger Court And Constitutional Property, Elizabeth G. Patterson

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Property As A Constitutional Right, Frank I. Michelman

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.