Property Law and Real Estate Commons^™

The "Middle Ground" Perspective On The Expropriation Of Indian Lands, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Introduction: Common Law Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler, Andrew P. Morriss

Faculty Publications

Today there is widespread dissatisfaction with many aspects of federal environmental law. The apparent success of early environmental regulations notwithstanding, many analysts and academics have begun to reexamine the potential of common law causes of action to supplement, if not supplant, portions of the existing regulatory regime. Some environmental advocates have come to the conclusion that state-based tort law may be more protective than federal regulations. At the same time, private litigators and state attorneys general are reviving common law causes of action in an effort to augment existing regulatory controls.

Is the common law a viable means of addressing …

Common Law Environmental Protection: Introduction, Jonathan H. Adler, Andrew P. Morriss

Faculty Publications

Today there is widespread dissatisfaction with many aspects of federal environmental law. The apparent success of early environmental regulations notwithstanding, many analysts and academics have begun to reexamine the potential of common law causes of action to supplement, if not supplant, portions of the existing regulatory regime. Yet whatever the failings of the environmental regulatory state, the common law has failings of its own, including the failure to protect many ecological resources in the period before the enactment of federal environmental law. This essay is the introduction to a paper-only symposium on Common Law Environmental Protection, forthcoming in the Case …

Anti-Conservation Incentives, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Several recent empirical studies have indicated that the Endangered Specifies Act (ESA) discourages species conservation on private land. This is because the law encourages landowners to shoot, shovel and shut up before federal authorities discover the species are present or may move onto the land. Most worrisome, the studies suggest that the net effect of the ESA on private land could be negative. Habitat loss and fragmentation represent the greatest threat to endangered species because private land is indispensable to environmental conservation.

A Windfall For The Magnates: The Development Of Woodland Ownership In Denmark, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Seizures Without Searches: Defining Property Seizures And Developing A Property Seizure Model, Eric R. Carpenter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Katrina: A Snapshot Of Renters’ Rights Following Disasters, Eloisa Rodriguez-Dod, Olympia Duhart

Faculty Publications

Hurricane Katrina destroyed the homes of many people living in parts of the Gulf Region. The storm displaced as many as 800,000 victims and it is still difficult for them to return home. Consequently, many homeowners have turned to renting because of the slow recovery process. Renters face added difficulties; they are often the last in line for government benefits and other assistance. There is much hostility towards the rights of renters, creating even more difficulties for them.

This article focuses on the difficulties evacuee renters faced in New Orleans following the disaster. This article discusses legislation and attempted legislation …

Palazzolo, The Public Trust, And The Property Owner's Reasonable Expectations: Takings And The South Carolina Marsh Island Bridge Debate, Erin Ryan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Crystals, Mud, Bapcpa, And The Structure Of Bankruptcy Decisionmaking, R. Wilson Freyermuth

Faculty Publications

A critical feature of any legal system is its formal dispute resolution mechanism. From the perspective of a transactions lawyer, the dispute resolution process should be structured to accomplish (or at least contribute positively toward) doctrinal clarity.

Eminent Domain Reform In Missouri: A Legislative Memoir, Dale A. Whitman

Faculty Publications

The Missouri General Assembly, like a number of other state legislatures, undertook to reform its statutes relating to eminent domain during the 2006 legislative session. This article is the story of that effort and an analysis of the result. I write from a personal perspective. I was fortunate to have been personally involved in many of the decisions that were made as the bill, House Bill 1944, made its was through the legislative process. This opportunity was, I think, fairly unusual for a law professor; in thirty-seven years of teaching property law, I had never previously been so closely engaged …

Conservation Cartels: How Competition Policy Conflicts With Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

The alleged purpose of antitrust law is to improve consumer welfare by proscribing actions and arrangements that reduce output and increase prices. Conservation seeks to improve human welfare by maximizing the long-term productive use of natural resources, a goal that often requires limiting consumption to sustainable levels. While conservation measures might increase prices in the short run, they enhance consumer welfare by increasing long-term production and ensuring the availability of valued resources over time. That is true whether the restrictions are imposed by a private conservation cartel or a government agency. Insofar as antitrust law fails to take this into …

Free And Green: A New Approach To Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Most Americans consider themselves environmentalists, yet most experts are dissatisfied with existing environmental regulations, which are both inefficient and inequitable. Worse, many don't serve environmental goals. This article outlines an alternative approach to environmental policy based on market institutions and property rights rather than central-planning and bureaucratic control. The aim is both to improve environmental protection and lessen the costs ? Economic and otherwise ? Of achieving environmental goals. It seeks to ensure that Americans' environmental values are advanced without sacrificing the individual liberties the American government was created to protect.

The problem with current regulatory approaches is not merely …

Adopting Restatement Mortgage Subrogation Principles: Saving Billions Of Dollars For Refinancing Homeowners, Dale A. Whitman, Grant S. Nelson

Faculty Publications

In eras of declining interest rates, millions of residential mortgage loans may be refinanced. When this occurs, it is customary for the refinancing lender to require a title examination and a new mortgagee's title insurance policy. This requirement is expensive, usually costing several hundred dollars or more, and the cost is invariably paid by the borrower. This Article proposes that in the vast majority of refinancings this expense can be substantially reduced or even eliminated. This result can be achieved through proper understanding, adoption, and use of the doctrine of equitable mortgage subrogation articulated in the Restatement (Third) of Property: …

The Changing Culture Of American Land Use Regulation: Paying For Growth With Impact Fees, Ronald H. Rosenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Green Costs Of Kelo: Economic Development Takings And Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler, Ilya Somin

Faculty Publications

The Supreme Court’s recent decision in Kelo v. City of New London has rekindled the debate over “economic development” takings—condemnations that transfer property from one private owner to another solely on the ground that doing so might improve the local economy or increase tax revenue. While such takings have been condemned by many commentators on both the right and the left, environmentalists have been notably absent among Kelo’s critics. Some environmentalists have even defended the Kelo decision and the use of eminent domain to spur private economic development. At the same time, scholarly commentary on Kelo and other economic …

Examining Compliance With Fiduciary Duties: A Study Of Real Estate Agents (With V. Carlos Slawson Jr.), Royce De R. Barondes, Carlos V. Slawson Jr.

Faculty Publications

The traditional default rule in the United States has been that, where two brokerage firms participate in the sale of a piece residential real estate, both firms are fiduciaries of the seller. This article provides original empirical evidence showing to be erroneous a common assumption - that, in conflicts between their principals and third parties, real estate agents promote their principals' interests - underlying revisions made in a number of jurisdictions to those principles in the last twenty years. This article examines whether agents act in accordance with their duties along two dimensions: First, we hypothesize that selling agents may …

Back To The Future Of Conservation: Changing Perceptions Of Property Rights & Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Property rights hold a central place in our Constitutional design and provide the foundation for America's market economy. Admiration of private property has not been universal, however. Some environmental scholars and policymakers have been particularly critical of classical liberal conceptions of private property on both theoretical and practical grounds, suggesting that traditional, classical liberal notions of property rights are incompatible with the demands of environmental protection. These perspectives influenced the development of command-and-control environmental regulation in the 1960s and 1970s. In recent years, however, the perception of private property's role in environmental conservation has begun to change. Disregard for the …

The Unique Benefits Of Treating Personal Goodwill As Property In Corporate Acquisitions, Darian M. Ibrahim

Faculty Publications

Corporate acquisition talks may not get far if buyer and seller disagree over transaction structure, which can have significant after-tax effects. But the parties may have overlooked an item that, due to its potential tax treatment, could be the key to facilitating the acquisition. That item is the selling shareholder's "personal goodwill."

Personal goodwill exists when the shareholder's reputation, expertise, or contacts gives the corporation its intrinsic value. It is most likely to be found in closely held businesses, especially those that are technical, specialized, orprofessional in nature or have few customers and suppliers. If personal goodwill is treated as …

Back To The Future Of Conservation: Changing Perceptions Of Property Rights & Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Some environmental scholars and policymakers have been particularly critical of classical liberal conceptions of private property on both theoretical and practical grounds, suggesting that traditional notions of property rights are incompatible with the demands of environmental protection. Perceiving an environmental crisis borne from Lockean conceptions of property and capitalism, many environmental thinkers came to view the legal protection of private property as an obstacle to environmental sustainability. As a result, the development of command-and-control regulation in the 1960s and 1970s was influenced by the ecological critique of private property.

In recent years, however, the perception of private property's role in …

Property, Aspen, And Refusals To Deal, Alan J. Meese

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reforming Foreclosure: The Uniform Nonjudicial Foreclosure Act, Dale A. Whitman, Grant S. Nelson

Faculty Publications

The Uniform Nonjudicial Foreclosure Act is one of the few creative approaches to mortgage foreclosure to emerge in many decades. In this Article, the authors examine why uniformity in foreclosure law among the states in desirable and, accordingly, advocate foreclosure reform. They analyze the Act, promulgated in 2002, giving specific attention to the Act's new methods of foreclosure by negotiated sale and by appraisal. They also examine the Act's numerous special protections for residential debtors and consider the effectiveness of the Act's procedures concerning subordinate leases, titles arising from foreclosures, surpluses and deficiencies resulting from foreclosures, and fairness of foreclosure …

Property Rights And Intrabrand Restraints, Alan J. Meese

Faculty Publications

Intrabrand restraints limit the discretion of one or more sellers-usually dealers-with respect to the disposition of a product sold under a single brand. While most scholars believe that such contracts can help assure optimal promotion of a manufacturer's products, there is disagreement about the exact manner in which such restraints accomplish this objective. Many scholars believe that such restraints themselves induce dealers to engage in promotional activities desired by the manufacturer. Others believe that such restraints merely serve as "performance bonds," which dealers will forfeit if they fail to follow the manufacturer's precise promotional instructions. Some scholars reject both approaches, …

Drawing The Line Between Taxes And Takings: The Continuous Burdens Principle, And Its Broader Application, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The End Of The Hudson Valley's Peculiar Institution: The Anti-Rent Movement's Politics, Social Relations, & Economics, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Are We There Yet? The Case For A Uniform Electronic Recording Act, Dale A. Whitman

Faculty Publications

To implement digital recording, a confluence of several factors is necessary: political will on the part of the public officials involved (recorders and their political masters, usually county commissioners or supervisors), legal authority, and budgets adequate to the task. Without all of these factors, little progress is likely.

Zoning, Taking, And Dealing: The Problems And Promise Of Bargaining In Land Use Planning, Erin Ryan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

When Lochner Met Dolan: The Attempted Transformation Of American Land Use Law By Constitutional Interpretation, Ronald H. Rosenberg, Nancy Stroud

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

History And Interpretation Of The Great Case Of Johnson V. M'Intosh, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Chinese Mortgage Law: An American Perspective, Dale A. Whitman

Faculty Publications

My objective in this paper is to compare and to evaluate some of the features of the American and Chinese systems. I do so without any preconception that the American system provides better answers, but with the recognition that it is far more mature and provides more answers. Hence it provides a reference point from which the Chinese system can be considered. Perhaps each system has something to teach the other.

Estates & Trusts: 2001 Survey Of Florida Law, Eloisa Rodriguez-Dod

Faculty Publications

This article discusses relevant changes in Florida probate and trust statutes and regulations through mid-2001, updating a prior survey published in 1998. The article highlights and summarizes, some aspects of the elective share provisions and other legislative changes to the Florida Probate Code and Trust Administration Statutes. Amendments to the Florida Probate Rules are also highlighted. Lastly, the article highlights some significant cases decided during mid-2001 that affected this area of the law.