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Articles 901 - 930 of 2052
Full-Text Articles in Military, War, and Peace
Legal Standards For Intervention In Internal Conflicts, John N. Moore
Legal Standards For Intervention In Internal Conflicts, John N. Moore
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Introduction, Bernard A. Ramundo
Introduction, Bernard A. Ramundo
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Ndaa, Aumf, And Citizens Detained Away From The Theater Of War: Sounding A Clarion Call For A Clear Statement Rule, Diana Cho
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
In the armed conflict resulting from the September 11 attacks, the executive authority to order the indefinite detention of citizens captured away from the theater of war is an issue of foreign and domestic significance. The relevant law of armed conflict provisions relevant to conflicts that are international or non-international in nature, however, do not fully address this issue. Congress also intentionally left the question of administrative orders of citizen detainment unresolved in a controversial provision of the 2012 version of the annually-enacted National Defense Authorization Act. While plaintiffs in Hedges v. Obama sought to challenge the enforceability of NDAA’s …
Law Of War Developments Issue Introduction, David Glazier
Law Of War Developments Issue Introduction, David Glazier
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Boundless War: Challenging The Notion Of A Global Armed Conflict Against Al-Qaeda And Its Affiliates, Andrew Beshai
The Boundless War: Challenging The Notion Of A Global Armed Conflict Against Al-Qaeda And Its Affiliates, Andrew Beshai
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
The U.S. military response to the 9/11 attacks has expanded into a “global war” without a definite geographic scope. Both the Bush and Obama administrations have executed attacks in several countries including Somalia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Yemen under the “global war” paradigm. This Article challenges the concept of a global armed conflict, instead favoring the “epicenter-of-hostilities” framework for determining the legality of military action against Al-Qaeda, the Taliban, and other terrorist groups. This approach, rooted in established international law, measures the existence of specific criteria in each nation where hostile forces are present to determine if an armed conflict in …
Big Fish, Small Ponds: International Crimes In National Courts, Elizabeth B. Ludwin King
Big Fish, Small Ponds: International Crimes In National Courts, Elizabeth B. Ludwin King
Indiana Law Journal
The principle of complementarity in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court anticipates that perpetrators of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity will be tried in domestic courts unless there is no state with jurisdiction willing or able to do so. This Article examines the situation where a state might be willing to engage in meaningful local justice but temporarily lacks the capability to do so due to the effects of the conflict. It argues that where the state submits a detailed proposal to the International Criminal Court (ICC) outlining the steps necessary to gain or regain the …
Autonomous Weapons And Accountability: Seeking Solutions In The Law Of War, Kelly Cass
Autonomous Weapons And Accountability: Seeking Solutions In The Law Of War, Kelly Cass
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
Autonomous weapons are increasingly used by militaries around the world. Unlike conventional unmanned weapons such as drones, autonomous weapons involve a machine deciding whether to deploy lethal force. Yet, because a machine cannot have the requisite mental state to commit a war crime, the legal scrutiny falls onto the decision to deploy an autonomous weapon. This Article focuses on the dual questions arising from that decision: how to regulate autonomous weapon use and who should be held criminally liable for an autonomous weapon’s actions. Regarding the first issue, this Article concludes that regulations expressly limiting autonomous weapon use to non-human …
Repatriate . . . Then Compensate: Why The United States Owes Reparation Payments To Former Guantánamo Detainees, Cameron Bell
Repatriate . . . Then Compensate: Why The United States Owes Reparation Payments To Former Guantánamo Detainees, Cameron Bell
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
In late 2001, U.S. government officials chose Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, as the site to house the “war on terror” detainees. Since then, 779 individuals have been detained at Guantánamo. Many of the detainees have endured years of detention, cruel and degrading treatment, and for some, torture—conduct that violates well-established prohibitions against torture and inhumane treatment under both general international law and the law of war. Under these bodies of law, the United States is required to make reparation—through restitution, compensation, and satisfaction—for acts that violate its international obligations. But the United States has not offered financial compensation to any Guantánamo …
Silencing The Call To Arms: A Shift Away From Cyber Attacks As Warfare, Ryan Patterson
Silencing The Call To Arms: A Shift Away From Cyber Attacks As Warfare, Ryan Patterson
Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review
Cyberspace has developed into an indispensable aspect of modern society, but not without risk. Cyber attacks have increased in frequency, with many states declaring cyber operations a priority in what has been called the newest domain of warfare. But what rules govern? The Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare suggests existent laws of war are sufficient to govern cyber activities; however, the Tallinn Manual ignores fundamental problems and unique differences between cyber attacks and kinetic attacks. This Article argues that several crucial impediments frustrate placing cyber attacks within the current umbra of warfare, chiefly the problems …
Global Hegemon: Chinese Foreign Policy Shifts And Elevated Unpko Involvement, Alex Berge
Global Hegemon: Chinese Foreign Policy Shifts And Elevated Unpko Involvement, Alex Berge
Political Science Theses and Capstones
A common question being asked in many circles is whether China will emerge as a potential rival to the U.S. as a global superpower? If the answer to this question is “yes” many ask how China will accomplish this. Research suggests that China will obtain superpower status through increased global presence and more cooperation in international organizations, specifically United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKO). The literature examines Chinese policy changes that allow for more contributions and activity in UNPKOs and also what missions China can now participate in from which it would have formerly abstained. The preliminary results have shown massive …
Prosecuting Generals For War Crimes: The Shifting Sands Of Accomplice Liability In International Criminal Law, Mark A. Summers
Prosecuting Generals For War Crimes: The Shifting Sands Of Accomplice Liability In International Criminal Law, Mark A. Summers
Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law
The article examines the evolving concept of "specific direction" in accomplice liability for war crimes under international law, highlighting the conflicting approaches of the ICTY and ICC. It advocates for the ICC to adopt a clear, intent-based standard to ensure accountability and consistency, avoiding the ambiguities of "specific direction."
Contemporary Practice Of The Untied States Relating To International Law, April 2015, Kristina Daugirdas, Julian Davis Mortenson
Contemporary Practice Of The Untied States Relating To International Law, April 2015, Kristina Daugirdas, Julian Davis Mortenson
Articles
In this section: • Iran Nuclear Framework Agreement Reached; Congress Seeks to Influence Negotiation • United States Lifts Some Cuba Restrictions and Explores the Possibility of Normalizing Relations • United States Responds to Alleged North Korean Cyber Attack on Sony Pictures Entertainment • Senate Select Committee on Intelligence Releases Executive Summary of Its Study of CIA’s Detention and Interrogation Program • President Obama Seeks Statutory Authorization for the Use of Military Force Against ISIL
The Doctrine Of Legitimate Defense, Jens Ohlin
The Doctrine Of Legitimate Defense, Jens Ohlin
International Law Studies
The following article reorients mainstream conceptions of self-defense by defending a broader doctrine of legitimate defense that, in limited circumstances, justifies unilateral intervention. The source of the doctrine is natural law, which was explicitly incorporated into the text of UN Charter Article 51. The effect of this incorporation was to preserve, as a carve-out from the prohibition against force in Article 2, the natural law rights of defensive force. Specifically, the Article concludes that defensive force under natural law included, in extreme situations, a right of intervention in rogue States that refused to comply with natural law.
Book Review: Nuclear Weapons And Law. Ed. Arthur Selwyn Miller And Martin Feinrider. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1984., Dorinda G. Dallmeyer
Book Review: Nuclear Weapons And Law. Ed. Arthur Selwyn Miller And Martin Feinrider. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1984., Dorinda G. Dallmeyer
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Combatting International Terrorism: The Role Of Congress, Dante B. Fascell
Combatting International Terrorism: The Role Of Congress, Dante B. Fascell
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Trade Regulation - Export Controls - Cocom Agrees On New Multilateral Export Guidelines Allowing Eastern Bloc To Purchase Low Level Technology Legally, Jackie L. Masden
Trade Regulation - Export Controls - Cocom Agrees On New Multilateral Export Guidelines Allowing Eastern Bloc To Purchase Low Level Technology Legally, Jackie L. Masden
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Right Of Counterintervention, John A. Perkins
The Right Of Counterintervention, John A. Perkins
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
"People Power" And Pacific Security: The United States-Philippine Alliance After The 1986 Philippine Constitution, Michael M. Gerardi
"People Power" And Pacific Security: The United States-Philippine Alliance After The 1986 Philippine Constitution, Michael M. Gerardi
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Genocide Convention - Intentional Starvation - Ethiopian Famine In The Eritrean War For Independence. The Applicability Of The Genocide Convention To Government Imposed Famine In Eritrea., Jean E. Zeiler
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Further Steps In The Clarification Of The Soviet Position On The Innocent Passage Of Foreign Warships Through Its Territorial Waters, Erik Franckx
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Finding Aid To The Collection Of Richard Cutts Shannon Materials., Richard Cutts Shannon, Colby College Special Collections
Finding Aid To The Collection Of Richard Cutts Shannon Materials., Richard Cutts Shannon, Colby College Special Collections
Finding Aids
The Richard Cutts Shannon collection contains diaries, correspondence, printed materials, photographs, artifacts, and clippings by and about Richard Cutts Shannon, Colby Class of 1862. Of note are many diaries Shannon kept throughout his life between 1862-1920, including his time as an aide-de-camp in the Civil War, a prisoner in Libby Prison, his voyage to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, his service as Secretary of the U.S. Legation in Brazil, as a U.S. Congressman, and an account of his tour around the world. This collection also contains photographs, artifacts (Shannon's riding gloves and saddlebag from the Civil War era), Shannon's accounts of …
The Failure Of Environmental International Law During Times Of War, Blake Lara
The Failure Of Environmental International Law During Times Of War, Blake Lara
University of Baltimore Journal of Land and Development
Throughout history, war and armed conflict have maintained a continuous presence around the world. Though the reasons for war change, various nations emerge and subside, and populations alter, one of the constant elements of war is its degrading effect on the environment. In addition to indirect effects on the environment that ultimately result from war, nations have used the environment as both a weapon and target of war. For example, during the Peloponnesian War, the Spartans salted Athenian lands to make them infertile. In the Franco-Dutch War from 1672 to 1678, dikes and damns were destroyed in order to create …
About The New Pca Rules And Their Application To Satellite Communication Disputes, Frans G. Von Der Dunk
About The New Pca Rules And Their Application To Satellite Communication Disputes, Frans G. Von Der Dunk
Space, Cyber, and Telecommunications Law Program: Faculty Publications
In 2011 the PCA Optional Rules for Arbitration of Disputes Relating to Outer Space Activities were adopted. The present contribution addresses the possible relevance of these new rules for disputes regarding international satellite communication, noting the existence of various dispute settlement regimes already available and analyzing their respective usefulness for such international satellite communications disputes.
The Privatization Of The Use Of Force Meets The Law Of State Responsibility, Vanessa Ballesteros Moya
The Privatization Of The Use Of Force Meets The Law Of State Responsibility, Vanessa Ballesteros Moya
American University International Law Review
No abstract provided.
Non-State Armed Groups And The Role Of Transnational Criminal Law During Armed Conflict, Christopher L. Blakesley, Dan E. Stigall
Non-State Armed Groups And The Role Of Transnational Criminal Law During Armed Conflict, Christopher L. Blakesley, Dan E. Stigall
Scholarly Works
With the ascendance of the terrorist group known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), the international community has struggled to adapt to the new international security context. Among the challenges that are currently being confronted are questions relating to how states may effectively facilitate international cooperation to counter ISIS (especially among countries in the Middle East and North Africa). Within this context, guidance from the United Nations on international cooperation posits that “[t]he universal counter-terrorism conventions and protocols do not apply in situations of armed conflict” – a legal position that would serve to stymie important cooperative …
Ending Bacha Bazi: Boy Sex Slavery And The Responsibility To Protect Doctrine, 25 Ind. Int'l. & Comp. L. Rev. 63 (2015), Samuel Vincent Jones
Ending Bacha Bazi: Boy Sex Slavery And The Responsibility To Protect Doctrine, 25 Ind. Int'l. & Comp. L. Rev. 63 (2015), Samuel Vincent Jones
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
This essay challenges the conventional wisdom that prohibitions against government-condoned child-sex slavery have attained non- derogable, peremptory status under international law. Much to the utter shock of field investigators and human rights experts, boy sex slavery has evolved into a constitutive and central feature of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (Afghanistan) because of a customary practice commonly referred to as bacha bazi.
From Prosecutorial To Reparatory: A Valuable Post-Conflict Change Of Focus, Nancy Amoury Combs
From Prosecutorial To Reparatory: A Valuable Post-Conflict Change Of Focus, Nancy Amoury Combs
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Naval Power In The Development Of Customary International Law, John J. Chung
The Role Of Naval Power In The Development Of Customary International Law, John J. Chung
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Red-Teaming Nlw: A Top Ten List Of Criticisms About Non-Lethal Weapons, David A. Koplow
Red-Teaming Nlw: A Top Ten List Of Criticisms About Non-Lethal Weapons, David A. Koplow
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Critics of non-lethal weapons (NL W) have asserted numerous complaints about the concepts, the Department of Defense research and development efforts, and the pace of innovation in the field. These critiques challenge the cost of the programs, their consistency with international law, the adverse public reaction to some of the devices, and the dangers of proliferation, among other points. This article summarizes the various assessments, in form of a "top ten list" of criticisms, and evaluates their weight. The author concludes that some of these points of objection have merit, but overall, the NLW enterprise is worthy of continuation and …
The Panopticon Of International Law: B’Tselem’S Camera Project And The Enforcement Of International Law In A Transnational Society, Pini Pavel Miretski, Sascha-Dominik Vladimir Oliver Bachmann
The Panopticon Of International Law: B’Tselem’S Camera Project And The Enforcement Of International Law In A Transnational Society, Pini Pavel Miretski, Sascha-Dominik Vladimir Oliver Bachmann
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
This paper analyzes the influence of transnational non-state actors on compliance with international legal rules as part of Michel Foucault’s power/knowledge structure. In particular, it examines the effects of the Shooting Back project, organized by the Israeli non-governmental organization B’Tselem, on the level of investigations of alleged violations of the law of occupation. In 2007, B’Tselem supplied Palestinians living in high-conflict areas with video cameras in order to capture, expose, and “seek redress for” human rights violations in the Occupied Territories. According to Jeremy Bentham’s principles of panopticism, power should be visible and unverifiable. The implementation of these principles by …