Legal Profession Commons^™

Reports Of Batson's Death Have Been Greatly Exaggerated: How The Batson Doctrine Enforces A Normative Framework Of Legal Ethics, Laura I. Appleman

ExpressO

In this article, I aim to explain how the Batson procedure enforces a normative framework of legal ethics, a theory which I hope will be of use to both criminal law professors and scholars of legal ethics. Despite many recent prudential attacks against the Batson procedure and the peremptory challenge, I contend that Batson has a largely unarticulated ethical component, one that invokes a lawyer’s professional responsibility. Accordingly, using legal ethics as a lens through which to interpret Batson sheds new light on the doctrine. Batson’s ethical imperative affects the norms of the legal profession itself. By fostering a non-discrimination …

The Ethics Of Cause Lawyering: An Examination Of Criminal Defense Lawyers As Cause Lawyers, Margareth Etienne

ExpressO

Criminal defense attorneys are often motivated by an intricate set of moral and ideological principles that belie their reputations as amoral (if not immoral) “hired guns” who would do anything to get their guilty clients off. Using empirical data from interviews with forty criminal defense attorneys I explore the motivations that inform their decisions to enter the field of criminal defense and the values that influence the manner in which they do their jobs. I conclude that many criminal defense attorneys are in fact cause lawyers who are committed to individual clients but also the “cause” of legal reform in …

Organizational Misconduct: Beyond The Principal-Agent Model, Kimberly D. Krawiec

ExpressO

This article demonstrates that, at least since the adoption of the Organizational Sentencing Guidelines in 1991, the United States legal regime has been moving away from a system of strict vicarious liability toward a system of duty-based organizational liability. Under this system, organizational liability for agent misconduct is dependant on whether or not the organization has exercised due care to avoid the harm in question, rather than under traditional agency principles of respondeat superior. Courts and agencies typically evaluate the level of care exercised by the organization by inquiring whether the organization had in place internal compliance structures ostensibly designed …

The Myth Of The Gladiator And Law Students' Negotiation Styles, Melissa L. Nelken

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

"Shark." "Hired gun." The popular view is that lawyers are, by and large, cut-throat competitors who take the ethical obligation of zealous advocacy on behalf of their clients to the extreme, heedless of the cost to others or to society as a whole. The adversarial system (with its winners and losers), law school teaching, and the portrayal of lawyers in popular media, all feed this stereotype. The focus on litigation promotes misperceptions about what most lawyers actually do. Lawyers make deals and resolve virtually all litigated matters short of trial, often through negotiation. Studies of lawyers' behavior in negotiation over …

Targeting Legal Advice, Peter J. Henning

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

The New Prosecution, Kay L. Levine

Faculty Articles

This Article proceeds as follows. Part I introduces the Statutory Rape Vertical Prosecution Program that took shape in California in the mid-1990s. In addition to explaining how this program emerged and its central features, I highlight the aspects of the SRVPP that distinguish California statutory rape prosecutors from the traditional image of the local prosecutor in the United States. Part II offers some background on the new prosecution and the problem-oriented approach to criminal justice, explaining how this model differs from the traditional crime-based or case-based method of criminal justice work. In Part III, I use empirical data derived from …

Hélène Cixous's The Perjured City: Nonprosecution Alternatives To Collective Violence, Susan Ayres

Faculty Scholarship

In instances of collective violence — apartheid in South Africa, mass killings in Rwanda, and other crimes against humanity such as slavery — what response provides justice? How can justice be achieved under such a system? Legal justice through prosecution would be unjust. This opens the possibility of nonprosecution alternatives involving forgiveness. Hélène Cixous’s play about forgiveness as an alternative to criminal prosecution, The Perjured City: Or, the Awakening of the Furies, was written in response to an actual case of failed justice in France, known as the Bad Blood Scandal. The play provides a model of forgiveness and a …

'You'd Better Be Good': Congressional Threats Of Removal Against Federal Judges, Marc O. Degirolami

ExpressO

In the attached article, I argue that congressional threats of removal against federal judges are increasing in prevalence and forcefulness and that as a result the strained relationship between the judiciary and Congress – a topic of recent attention and debate – will continue to deteriorate in the coming years. I examine two bills, the Feeney Amendment to the PROTECT Act and House of Representatives Resolution 568 (in which Congress would disavow citation in judicial decisions to foreign law), to demonstrate this thesis.

I next ask what explains the phenomenon of congressional threats of removal, deploying first Thomas Hobbes’ state-of-nature …

Implicit Racial Attitudes Of Death Penalty Lawyers, Theodore Eisenberg, Sheri Lynn Johnson

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Defense attorneys commonly suspect that the defendant's race plays a role in prosecutors' decisions to seek the death penalty, especially when the victim of the crime was white. When the defendant is convicted of the crime and sentenced to death, it is equally common for such attorneys to question the racial attitudes of the jury. These suspicions are not merely partisan conjectures; ample historical, statistical, and anecdotal evidence supports the inference that race matters in capital cases. Even the General Accounting Office of the United States concludes as much. Despite McCleskey v. Kemp, in which the United States Supreme Court …

Facing The Challenge: Corruption State Capture And The Role Of Multinational Business, 37 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1181 (2004), Nikolay A. Ouzounov

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Remaining Silent: A Right With Consequences, 38 J. Marshall L. Rev. 649 (2004), Jeffrey D. Waltuck

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Standards Of Evidence In Administrative Proceedings, William H. Kuenhle

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Justice Still Fails: A Review Of Recent Efforts To Compensate Individuals Who Have Been Unjustly Convicted And Later Exonerated, Adele Bernhard

Articles & Chapters

With this Article, I hope to motivate state legislators to enact responsible, practical compensation statutes and encourage courts to entertain state law and civil rights claims brought by those who have been unjustly convicted and later exonerated. I begin by looking at the reasons for enacting compensation statutes: uniformity, practicality, popular support, and fairness. Next, I dissect the arguments raised by opponents. Finally, I turn to recent judicial decisions hinting that courts may be stepping in where legislatures fear to tread.

The Revised Aba Guidelines And The Duties Of Lawyers And Judges In Capital Post-Conviction Proceedings, Eric M. Freedman

The Journal of Appellate Practice and Process

No abstract provided.

Effective Performance Guarantees For Capital State Post-Conviction Counsel: Cutting The Gordian Knot, Andrew Hammel

The Journal of Appellate Practice and Process

No abstract provided.

Justice Under Attack: The Federal Government's Assault On The Attorneyclient Privilege, Robert J. Anello

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The article argues that the federal government, particularly through the Department of Justice, has launched a multi-faceted assault on the attorney-client privilege, undermining its protections. Recent laws, rules, and policies, such as the Attorney General's monitoring rules for inmate communications and the Department of Justice's guidelines pressuring corporations to waive privilege, threaten the confidentiality essential to the attorney-client relationship. These actions, often justified under the guise of national security and combating corporate fraud, erode constitutional rights and the adversarial system of justice.

Taint Teams And Firewalls: Thin Armor For Attorney-Client Privilege, Heidi Boghosian

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The article argues that post-9/11 U.S. government policies, particularly the monitoring of attorney-client communications and the indictment of Lynne Stewart, significantly erode the attorney-client privilege and the Sixth Amendment right to effective counsel. These actions, justified under national security, undermine constitutional protections and set a dangerous precedent for legal representation, especially for controversial or politically sensitive cases.

Tilting At Windmills, Andrew L. Frey

The Journal of Appellate Practice and Process

No abstract provided.

Do Attorneys Really Matter? The Empirical And Legal Case For The Right Of Counsel At Bail, Douglas L. Colbert, Ray Paternoster, Shawn Bushway

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Lawyer Crimes: Beyond The Law?, Charles W. Wolfram

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Causality And Responsibility, Glenn Shafer

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The American Prosecutor: Independence, Power, And The Threat Of Tyranny, Angela J. Davis

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This Article compares the power, practices, and policies of the Independent Counsel with those of ordinary state and federal prosecutors and suggests that the purported distinctions turn out to be illusory. Part I charts the principal structural characteristics of the Independent Counsel and regular prosecutors, with particular focus on prosecutorial discretion and the charging power. This section notes the public outrage over former Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr and argues that the American prosecutor deserves similar scrutiny. Using illustrations from the author’s former experience as a public defender, this Part explains how regular prosecutors engage in the same acts of misconduct …

Alan Isaacman And The First Amendment: A Candid Interview With Larry Flynt's Attorney, Clay Calvert, Robert D. Richards

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Kumho Tire Co. V. Carmichael: The Supreme Court Follows Up On The Daubert Test, Martin A. Schwartz

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Compromise And Continuity: Miranda Waivers, Confession Admissibility, And The Retention Of Interrogation Protections, Mark Berger

Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Private Bar Monitors Public Defense - Oversight Committee Sets Standards For Indigent Defense Providers, Adele Bernhard

Articles & Chapters

The oversight committee drafted standards and guidelines with the primary goal of creating a yardstick for defense services organizations against which to measure performance and the hope that a practical set of standards serve multiple purposes, including: educating a skeptical public about what it takes to provide quality defense services; promoting an understanding of why adequate funding is necessary (to engender public support for more spending); and providing notice to the organizations themselves of what is expected of a publicly funded defense office.

Independent, Professional Judgment: The Essence Of Freedom, Bennett H. Brummer

St. Thomas Law Review

This Article will address the concept of professionalism from a criminal defense attorney's perspective and, more specifically, from the perspective of a public defender. The public defender mission is based on our ideals of freedom and equal justice under law. I have spent twenty-five years as a participant in, and observer of, our judicial system. Whether in government or professional circles, public defenders are often outsiders. We are often treated as the illegitimate children at the family reunion. It is from that perspective that I hope to be of some service to you.

Practicing Criminal Law: A Jewish Law Analysis Of Being A Prosecutor Or Defense Attorney, Michael J. Broyde

Faculty Articles

Our secular society cycles as to whether it glorifies defense attor­neys or prosecutors. Sometimes, we adore defense attorneys­ -- they are the lawyers who ensure that innocents are not punished, "L.A. Law" is the show to watch, and the attorneys to imitate. Other times, we revere prosecutors -- they are the lawyers who punish evil­doers, "Law and Order" is the show to watch, and the attorneys to imitate. Jewish tradition recognizes the inherent ethical difficulties with the conduct of both types of attorneys.

Jewish law recognizes that the societal imposition of the criminal justice system on citizens, who otherwise function …

Taking The Cop Out Of Copping A Plea: Eradicating Police Prosecution Of Criminal Cases, Andrew Horwitz

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

United States V. Mcveigh: Defending The Most Hated Man In America, Stephen Jones, Jennifer Gideon

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.