Law and Gender Commons^™

Criminalizing Battered Mothers, Courtney Cross

Scholarly Works

How a domestic violence survivor responds to the abuse she is experiencing depends on many factors. Some critical considerations include her access to resources, desire to stay in her relationship, and assessment of her own safety. Criminal and civil court systems place enormous pressure on survivors to separate from their abusive partners. Not only are survivors with children pressured to leave, they are punished when they stay. That punishment can come in any combination of diminished custody rights, limited parental rights, and incarceration. Yet a survivor who flees with her children is not immune to these same consequences: if she …

Feminist Judging Matters: How Feminist Theory And Methods Affect The Process Of Judgment, Linda L. Berger, Bridget J. Crawford, Kathryn M. Stanchi

Scholarly Works

Professor Linda Berger rejoins her Feminist Judgments: Rewritten Opinions of the United States Supreme Court coauthors in this essay presenting feminism as the foundation for a developing form of rich, complex, and practical legal scholarship-the lens and the means through which we may approach and resolve many legal problems. First, this essay explores the intellectual foundations of feminist legal theory and situates the United States and international feminist judgments projects within that scholarly tradition. It next considers how the feminist judgments projects move beyond traditional academic scholarship to bridge the gap between the real-world practice of law and feminist theory. …

Our National Psychosis: Guns, Terror, And Hegemonic Masculinity, Stewart Chang

Scholarly Works

In this Article, Professor Stewart Chang, through the examination of three recent mass shooting, proposes that mass shootings driven by hegemonic masculinity should be classified and addressed as acts of terrorism. Professor Chang defines hegemonic masculinity as patterns or practices that promote the dominant social position of men and the subordinate social position of women and other gender identities. In this Article, he examines how hegemonic masculinity is allowed to become mainstream and flourish unchecked based on our characterization, classification and reaction to mass shootings and their perpetrators.

A Genealogy Of Programmatic Stop And Frisk: A Discourse-To-Practice-Circuit, Frank Rudy Cooper

Scholarly Works

President Trump has called for increased use of the recently predominant policing methodology known as programmatic stop and frisk. This Article contributes to the field by identifying, defining, and discussing five key components of the practice: (1) administratively dictated (2) pervasive Terry v. Ohio stops and frisks (3) aimed at crime prevention by means of (4) data-enhanced profiles of suspects that (5) target young racial minority men. Whereas some scholars see programmatic stop and frisk as solely the product of individual police officer bias, this Article argues for understanding how we arrived at specific police practices by analyzing three levels …

Rewriting Judicial Opinions And The Feminist Scholarly Project, Linda L. Berger, Kathryn M. Stanchi, Bridget J. Crawford

Scholarly Works

In this introduction to an online symposium on Feminist Judgments: Rewritten Opinions of the United States Supreme Court, the editors of this groundbreaking project reflect on the journey and what remains to be done.

The Masculinity Motivation, Ann C. Mcginley

Scholarly Works

In this essay, Professor Ann McGinley explores a phenomenon she coins the Masculinity Motivation. Society and courts ignore that harassing behaviors and the motives behind them are nearly identical in schools and workplaces. Moreover, the motives driving same-sex harassment are often the same as those causing sex-based harassment of women and girls. These motives include proving the perpetrators' and their group's masculinity, punishing those who do not adhere to gender expectations, and upholding conventional gender norms. Professor McGinley advocates for courts to broadly define "because of sex" under Titles VII and IX by clarifying that harassment motivated to denigrate the …

Gender, Law, And Culture In The Legal Workplace: A Chilean Case Study, Ann C. Mcginley

Scholarly Works

"What has to change is the model of work. It can't be that in order to be a partner in a law firm, a woman has to learn to renounce her children. It is the men who have to renounce this work model and take equal responsibility for their children. It is very difficult for a society to do this. "

How do law and culture affect the behavior of actors on the ground? If culture and law interact, how does this interaction occur? This Article examines how gender and law affect lawyers working in a Latin American country Chile …

Resilience And Native Girls: A Critique, Addie C. Rolnick

Scholarly Works

The term resilience is often used with reference to Indigenous women and Indigenous youth. Native girls are included in each of these categories but are rarely the main focus of a campaign. Their triple vulnerability (gender, indigeneity, and age), however, means that the focus on resilience is often greatest when applied to them. This Article centers them. It traces the development of resilience in the (non-Native) ecological and psychological literature. Although resilience is used across many different disciplines, it is especially prominent in ecological literature about resilient institutions, such as communities and cities, and in psychological literature about resilient individuals. …

Gender Justice: The Role Of Stories And Images, Linda L. Berger, Kathryn M. Stanchi

Scholarly Works

In this book chapter, Professor Berger argues for thoughtful metaphor-making and storytelling in legal writing. Exploring legal rhetoric with an eye for gender justice, she argues metaphor and narrative shape perspective and ask the reader to join the writer in the imaginative work of seeing one thing as another. The same shift in perspective that leads to re-conception—a shift that takes advantage of metaphor and narrative’s ability to say what only they can say—is what writers aim to achieve when they use metaphor and narrative for feminist and social justice advocacy.

Police, Heroes, And Child Trafficking: Who Cries When Her Attacker Wears Blue?, 18 Nev. L.J. 1007 (2018), Samuel Vincent Jones

UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Appointing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender And Queer Judges In The Trump Administration, Carl W. Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

President Donald Trump incessantly brags that American citizens selected him to “Make the Judiciary Great Again” and constantly reminds the public that the huge number of federal jurists whom Trump has appointed will be deciding cases decades after his tenure is over. Trump has rapidly submitted many circuit and district court candidates, but not one of his 123 nominees has been openly lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer (LGBTQ). The White House has also instituted endeavors, specifically regarding transgender people, which seem discriminatory. Indeed, a third of the judicial nominees whom the President has appointed have compiled anti-LGBTQ records. Because …

Foreword, Sonja Arndt

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

No abstract provided.

Thank You Harvey Weinstein, Rochelle Dornatt

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

After spending 35 years working on the Hill for Congress, Ms. Dornatt reflects upon the sexual harassment she witnessed firsthand, while examining the strides women have taken to put an end to workplace sexual harassment. Witnessing a significant turn of events after the Harvey Weinstein event in October 2017, Ms. Dornatt breathes hope into ending workplace sexual harassment, and calls upon men to join women in ensuring it stops.

Employment Status Of Uber And Lyft Drivers: Unsettlingly Settled, Jillian Kaltner

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

Uber and Lyft drivers are part of a vast pool of workers in the new economy who exist in the legal grey area between independent contractors and employees. Because these workers are currently classified as independent contractors, they are without the protections and benefits that are guaranteed to employees by law. This note delineates the work risks facing Uber and Lyft drivers and various approaches scholars have used to attempt to address their employment status. It analyzes the driver’s employment status using the widely accepted Economic Realities test, and discusses the roadblocks these workers will likely face on the road …

The First Pride Was A Riot: How Queer Activism Has Partnered With Police To Hurt The Community’S Most Vulnerable, Delaney Nevius

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

Summarizing the history and development of queer rights activism in San Francisco, this article reflects upon the legal goals of the queer community in San Francisco from 1960 to the present, observing a movement away from law enforcement resistance and towards collaboration and placing the community’s most vulnerable, queer people of color, at risk. The author outlines and problematizes three potential legal goals for the queer community moving forward: a constitutional claim of police misconduct, hate crime legislation, and police reform tactics.

I Don’T Understand, Ryan Khojasteh

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

A poem expressing confusion and frustration at the lack of action taken by legislators to ensure women’s rights and an end to gun violence.

Foreword, Sonja Arndt

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

No abstract provided.

Courts Rule Too Narrowly Regarding The Right To Wear Religious Clothing In Public, Kendyl L. Green

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

For numerous years, state and institutional rules have barred individuals from wearing religious clothing. Specifically, this issue has arisen in the military, the workplace, police departments, prisons, and public schools. Wearing religious clothing, particularly head coverings, is a vital aspect of Judaism, Islam, and Sikhism. The United States Constitution upholds the right to religious liberty in the First and Fourteenth Amendments. Additionally, the Religious Freedom and Restoration Act of 1993 (RFRA), Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA) statutes also protect religious freedom. Below, cases are examined that …

Romance Or Sexual Assault? Ambiguity Of Sexual Consent In The Media And How Yes Means Yes Legislation Can Help, Courtney Anne Groszhans

UC Law SF Journal on Gender and Justice

Before the reckoning of Me Too and the Time's Up Movement, legislation was being passed trying to prevent the numbers of sexual assault on college campuses with the Yes Means Yes legislation. Yes Means Yes Legislation often received the critique that people would have to sign a contract before engaging in sexual activity. However, upon reflection, a part of why Yes Means Yes sounds so severe is the American public is bombarded with an idea of romance in Hollywood movies that are arguably non-consensual and could be viewed as illegal depending on the targeted audience. Below these messages are further …

The Muslim/Arab Sulha And The Restorative Justice Model Same Purpose, Different Approach, Doron Pely, Golan Luzon

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

This Article establishes sulha, the traditional Arab and Islamic dispute resolution practice, as a restorative justice ("RJ") mechanism. The Article compares sulah with western RJ: both practices strive for the same goal, repairing damaged relations, highlights the conceptual and functional similarities, including support for victims, and the importance of perpetrator responsibility. The Article introduces the concept of reintegrative honoring theory ("RHT")-a novel concept that describes the reliance of sulha relies on restoration of victims' sense of honor. Finally, the Article compares RHT with western reintegrative shaming theory ("RST").

Access To Justice: Accelerating The Abandonment Of Fgm/C, Gretchen Kail

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

This Note discusses the role comprehensive legislation traditionally plays through a top-down approach and proposes the use of bottom-up approaches to better leverage national laws and new legal norms to support collective societal action. The discussion views legislation and FGM/C through a social norm lens: "a comprehensive, multi-sectorial, culturally sensitive approach that incorporates a social perspective to impact collective change."

Section II of this Note defines FGMIC as a health issue, a human rights violation, and a social norm. Section III discusses relevant international and regional human rights frameworks; state obligations; divergent views on the effects and usefulness of national …

Developing Communities Of Dialogue, Jonathan R. Cohen

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

We live in an age where American political discourse has become highly antagonistic. Such hostile discourse may influence not just our politics but also our private lives, for the abrasiveness that we witness in political life can readily spill over into our homes, our schools, and the other realms that we inhabit. How can we resist the spread of such antagonism? This Essay makes two basic claims. First, it is important that we consider dialogue as both an individual phenomenon and as a community-based phenomenon. How we speak with one another is a function of both our individual proclivities and …

Why The Religious Right Can't Have Its (Straight Wedding) Cake And Eat It Too: Breaking The Preservation-Through-Transformation Dynamic In Masterpiece Cakeshop V. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, Kyle C. Velte

Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality

No abstract provided.

How Masculinity Can Shape Judicial Decision Making, Rebecca D. Gill, Michael Kagan, Fatma Marouf

Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Gender Identity And Domestic Legal Status, Margaret Butler

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

Religious Exemptions, Third-Party Harms, And The False Analogy To Church Taxes, Christopher C. Lund

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Equal Work, Stephanie Bornstein

UF Law Faculty Publications

Most Americans have heard of the gender pay gap and the statistic that, today, women earn on average eighty cents to every dollar men earn. Far less discussed, there is an even greater racial pay gap. Black and Latino men average only seventy-one cents to the dollar of white men. Compounding these gaps is the “polluting” impact of status characteristics on pay: as women and racial minorities enter occupations formerly dominated by white men, the pay for those occupations goes down. Improvement in the gender pay gap has been stalled for nearly two decades; the racial pay gap is actually …

The Military Transgender Policy: The Realization Of Madison’S Incompatible Powers Narrative, Ken Hyle

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

Last summer, President Trump purported to ban all transgender individuals from serving in the military via Twitter: “After consultation with my Generals and military experts, please be advised that the United States Government will not accept or allow . . . Transgender individuals to serve in any capacity in the U.S. military.” In August 2017, the President followed his series of tweets with a Presidential Memorandum that formally dismantled President Obama’s framework to permit transgender individuals to serve openly. These restrictions led to a flurry of lawsuits in federal court. In March 2018, President Trump issued a revised policy that …

Asylum, Immigration, And Gender Identity: Scholarship And Strategies For Advocacy, Margaret Butler

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

Family Law And Gender Identity: Legal Issues Arising When Marrying And Parenting While Trans, Margaret Butler

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.