Land Use Law Commons^™

Condominium: A Transformative Innovation In Property And Local Government, Douglas C. Harris

All Faculty Publications

Condominium is a form of ownership that produces separate parcels of land and a structure of local government within multi-unit developments. As one form of common interest community, condominium packages private property with a co-ownership interest in common property and rights to participate in the governing organisation. A statutory innovation, the condominium form has been adopted in jurisdictions around the world and has quickly become the dominant form of land ownership for new-build housing in many cities. As an increasingly prominent feature of urban real estate, condominium is changing the nature of ownership and of local government, and is one …

Land Costs And New Housing, Michael Lewyn

Scholarly Works

Restrictive zoning limits housing supply, which (according to the law of supply and demand) increases housing costs. But some commentators argue that more permissive zoning would actually increase housing costs by increasing land costs. This article points out that if the latter claim was true, land costs would have risen in places that allowed lots of new housing and fallen in more restrictive regions such as San Francisco. In fact, land costs increased in both types of metro areas. More importantly, overall housing costs increased more rapidly in more restrictive metros.

Restricting Funeral Expense Deductions, William A. Drennan

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

During the Middle Ages, the wealthy often requested burial in mass graves with their fellow mortals, as a sign of humility. But since the rise of the cult of the individual during the Renaissance, individual burial plots have been an expression of prestige, wealth, and social status for some. For example, Leona Helmsley, real estate baroness and “Queen of Mean,” dedicated $3 million upon her death for the care and maintenance of her 1300 square foot, $1.4 million mausoleum. Respectful disposition of the body is a hallmark of civilization and a common law requirement of estate administration, but an extravagant …

A Contentious Crop: Exploring The Regulatory Debate Of Solar Power Production Facilities In Kittitas County, Washington, Daphne Condon

All Master's Theses

Between 2010 and 2018, Kittitas County, Washington faced an influx of Solar Power Production Facility (SPPF) proposals that challenged its traditional rural land management governance. Despite state support of decarbonized energy, variegated interpretations of project permitting procedures induced heated contentions amongst stakeholders. To explore this, this research constructs a multijurisdictional legal framework for SPPF advancement. It uses these laws to divulge the permitting processes of three case study projects founded in Kittitas County’s renewable energy history: The Wild Horse Wind Facility, the Iron Horse Solar Project, and the Columbia Solar Projects. Through a mixed methodology of project archival analysis and …

Theft, Extortion, And The Constitution: Land Use Practice Needs An Ethical Infusion, Michael M. Berger

Touro Law Review

There are many ways in which property owners/developers interact with regulators. To the extent that texts and articles deal with the ethical duties of the regulators, they tend to focus on things like conflicts of interest. But there is more. This article will examine numerous other ways in which regulators may run afoul of ethical practice in dealing with those whom they regulate

“Over-Stressed” Vines Produce No Wines, Whereas “Under-Stressed” Vines Mass Produce: Consolidation, Anti-Competition, And The Fall Of The Family Winery, Elyse Gottschalk

University of San Francisco Law Review

No abstract provided.

Don't Bet The Farm In Litigation Before Considering Mediation: The Case For Agriculture Mediation Program Implementation, John Schmitz

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

The American farmer wears several hats throughout each day. Each is a farmer, mechanic, businessperson, chemist, accountant, and economist. An ill-timed dispute resulting in litigation can cause farmers to miss planting or harvesting, lose property, or be denied credit. Agriculture mediation provides a unique opportunity for disputes-both big and small, and centered around agriculture-to be resolved in a timely manner.

Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review

Seattle University Law Review

Table of Contents

Same As It Ever Was : The Tijuana River Sewage Crisis, Non-State Actors, And The State, James M. Cooper

Faculty Scholarship

Sewage—a scary mixture of human waste and industrial toxins—flows into the Tijuana River Valley, an environmentally sensitive watershed that straddles the United Mexican States ("Mexico") and the United States of America. Treatment plants, a deteriorating one in Punta Bandera with limited capacity south of the border, and another in San Diego County completed in 1997, are inadequate to process the volume of sewage. So much sewage made its way into the Tijuana River that CBS 60 Minutes broadcast a special report on the binational environmental disaster in 2020.

Border factories and a population spike contribute to the sewage. Maquiladoras, …

The Changing Landscape For Billboard Regulation, Daniel R. Mandelker

Scholarship@WashULaw

Expectation turns to the Supreme Court as it once more takes up a free speech dispute about billboard regulation. On June 28, 2021, the Court granted the City of Austin’s Petition for Writ of Certiorari in Reagan National Advertising of Austin, Inc. v. City of Austin, 972 F.3d 696 (5th Cir. 2020), in which the Fifth Circuit struck down the city’s ban on digitizing off-premises signs. Billboards have a long history of legal contention, and billboard intolerance is historic. Billboards have their place, but they can overpower the aesthetic environment and threaten traffic safety. Before they were regulated at the …

Understanding Urban Renewal: History Forgotten, Daniel R. Mandelker

Scholarship@WashULaw

Urban renewal is an important feature of urban life, but judicial, statutory, and constitutional backlash followed a U.S. Supreme Court decision that held constitutional the use of eminent domain to acquire land for redevelopment in an urban renewal project. Urban renewal got its start in the federal urban renewal program, which influenced state legislation but had a weak planning requirement and did not include blight as a requirement for urban renewal. This weakness was a factor in the problems that occurred in urban renewal and that created the backlash to the Supreme Court decision.

Bridges To A New Era Part 2: A Report On The Past, Present, And Potential Future Of Tribal Co-Management On Federal Lands In Alaska, Monte Mills, Martin Nie

Articles

Nowhere else in the United States are tribal connections and reliance on federal public lands as deep and geographically broad-based as in what is now Alaska. The number of Tribes—229 federally recognized tribes—and the scope of the public land resource—nearly 223 million acres—are simply unparalleled. Across that massive landscape, federal public lands and the subsistence uses they provide remain, as they have been since time immemorial, “essential to Native physical, economic, traditional, and cultural existence.”^[1] Alas, the institutions, systems, and processes responsible for managing those lands, protecting those uses, and honoring those connections are failing Alaska Native Tribes.

The …

Indigenous Rights And Interests In A Changing Arctic Ocean: Canadian And Russian Experiences And Challenges, Anna Sharapova, Sara L. Seck, Sarah L. Macleod, Olga Koubrak

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The Arctic has been home to Indigenous peoples since long before the international legal system of sovereign states came into existence. International law has increasingly recognized the rights of Indigenous peoples, who also have status as Permanent Participants in the Arctic Council. In northern Canada, the majority of those who live in the Arctic are recognized as Indigenous. However, in northern Russia, a much smaller percentage of the population is identified as Indigenous, as legal recognition is only accorded to groups with a small population size. This article will compare Russian and Canadian approaches to recognition of Indigenous peoples and …

Small Suburbs, Large Lots: How The Scale Of Land-Use Regulation Affects Housing Affordability, Equity, And The Climate, Eric Biber, Giulia Gualco-Nelson, Nicholas Marantz, Moira O’Neill

Utah Law Review

Housing costs in major coastal metropolitan areas nationwide have skyrocketed, impacting people, the economy, and the environment. Landuse regulation, controlled primarily at the local level, plays a major role in determining housing production. In response to this mounting housing crisis, scholars, policymakers, and commentators are debating whether greater state involvement in local land-use decision-making is the best path forward.

We argue here that there are good reasons to believe that continuing on the current path—with local control of land-use regulation as it is— will lead to persistent underproduction of housing. The benefits of housing production are primarily regional, including improved …

Market Myopia’S Climate Bubble, Madison Condon

Utah Law Review

A growing number of financial institutions, ranging from BlackRock to the Bank of England, have warned that markets may not be accurately incorporating climate change-related risks into asset prices. This Article seeks to explain how this mispricing occurs, drawing from scholarship on corporate governance and the mechanisms of market (in)efficiency. Market actors: (1) Lack the fine-grained asset-level data they need in order to assess risk exposure; (2) Continue to rely on outdated means of assessing risk; (3) Have misaligned incentives resulting in climate-specific agency costs; (4) Have myopic biases exacerbated by climate change misinformation; and (5) Are impeded by captured …

A Sand County Tax Shelter: Syndicated Conservation Easements And Their Toll On The American Taxpayer, Jimmy Godin

Utah Law Review

The conservation easement is a powerful tool for conserving private land in the United States and beyond. Among the many incentives for encouraging conservation easement donations are tax deductions, which largely depend on the conservation value of the donated land. But groups of wealthy taxpayers, accountants, attorneys, and appraisers are manipulating the conservation easement tax framework and receiving large tax deductions for conservation easements that are practically worthless in a conservation sense—transactions known as 'syndicated conservation easements.' Syndicated conservation easements have generated substantial controversy, in part because they cost American taxpayers billions of tax dollars annually. While the Internal Revenue …

Land Options For Housing: How New Property Rights Can Break Old Land Monopolies, Roderick M. Hills Jr., Shitong Qiao

Faculty Scholarship

The world today is afflicted by inequality of wealth created in large part by monopolistic ownership of land. Hong Kong, with the least affordable housing in the world, provides a particularly apt example of how property law protects such monopolies—and also how the creation of new property rights can break them up.

In this Article we use Hong Kong as a case study to suggest both a diagnosis and a solution to two aspects of property law that slow down the creation of housing. First, the division of property rights between private owners and the government creates a bilateral monopoly …

Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terhadap Pembuatan Akta Jaminan Fidusia Dalam Jumlah Yang Tidak Wajar Dengan Bantuan Sistem Milik Pt Sm, Emeralda Valerie

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap pembuatan akta jaminan fidusia dalam jumlah yang tidak wajar dengan bantuan sistem milik PT SM. Sistem membantu proses pembuatan akta jaminan fidusia dan pendaftaran dalam waktu singkat. Penggunaan sistem tidak mengindahkan syarat formal akta autentik. Penelitian ini mengangkat masalah mengenai autentisitas akta jaminan fidusia yang dibuat menggunakan bantuan sistem; tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta jaminan fidusia yang kehilangan autentisitasnya; dan peran Dewan Kehormatan Notaris (DKN) dalam pelanggaran atas batas kewajaran jumlah pembuatan akta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan studi dokumen dan wawancara. Analisis penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian …

Peran Dan Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terhadap Akta Wasiat Yang Dibatalkan Oleh Hakim Yang Berisikan Erfstelling Atau Legaat Kepada Cucu (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 295 Pk/Pdt/2020), Devka Octara Putera Akbar Girindrawardhana

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini terkait dengan akta wasiat umum yang dibatalkan oleh hakim dengan pertimbangan akta wasiat berbentuk wasiat fidei commis serta melanggar hak para ahli waris. Berdasarkan pada pengertian wasiat ialah surat yang berisikan kehendak yang dibuat oleh pewaris yang merupakan tindakan hukum yang ingin dilakukan apabila yang bersangkutan meninggal dunia dan dalam pembuatan akta wasiat umum ini dilakukan di hadapan seorang notaris yang mengakibatkan notaris juga dijadikan sebagai turut tergugat sebagai pihak yang membuatkan akta yang dianggap tidak sesuai dengan hukum di indoneisa. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai akibat batalnya akta wasiat umum yang dibatalkan oleh hakim …

Keabsahan Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Yang Objeknya Sama Dengan Perjanjian Jual Beli Dengan Hak Membeli Kembali (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia No. 509 K/Pdt/2020), Sem Sanjaya

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pengikatan jual beli di hadapan notaris, yang mana objek jual belinya sama dengan objek jual beli dalam perjanjian jual beli dengan hak membeli kembali. Jual beli dengan hak membeli kembali diakui oleh hukum perdata barat sebagaimana diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, namun eksistensinya tidak dikenal dalam hukum tanah nasional yang mengadopsi hukum adat. Dalam kaitannya dengan hukum positif, hak membeli kembali tidak diperkenankan apabila dimanfaatkan sebagai upaya kreditur untuk menguasai benda jaminan milik debitur. Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat dalam tesis ini adalah bagaimana keabsahan perjanjian pengikatan jual beli sebagai suatu akta otentik apabila dalam persidangan …

Eksekusi Di Luar Pengadilan Objek Jaminan Fidusia Oleh Perusahaan Pembiayaan (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Gorontalo Nomor 60/Pdt.G/2019/Pn.Gto Dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Sumber Nomor 25/Pdt.G/2020/Pn.Sbr), Mashita Nagieb Kuddah

Indonesian Notary

Jurnal ini membahas mengenai pelaksanaan eksekusi objek jaminan fidusia yang dilakukan di luar pengadilan, lebih khusus setelah diputusnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019 yang diperkuat dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor Nomor 2/PUU-XIX/2021. Sebagaimana dikemukakan dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Gorontalo Nomor 60/PDT.G/2019/PN.GTO dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Sumber Nomor 25/PDT.G/2020/PN.SBR. dimana Perusahaan Pembiayaan melaksanakan eksekusi objek jaminan fidusia di luar pengadilan melalui parate eksekusi namun pihak lain tidak menghendaki hal tersebut. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini tentang pertimbangan hakim yang berbeda terhadap kedua putusan tersebut dengan rentang waktu pelaksanaan eksekusi objek jaminan fidusia yang terbilang mirip dan terkait keabsahan pelaksanaan eksekusi objek jaminan …

Kekuatan Hukum Pembuktian Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Tanah (Ppjb) Dalam Kasus Sengketa Perdata (Analisa Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor : 994/K/Pdt/2020 Jo Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Batam Nomor : 218/Pdt.G/2017/Pn Btm), Yuyun Sri Wahyuni

Indonesian Notary

The Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) is an prilimanary agreement arrranged by potential seller and buyer based on the agreement before the transaction, formed in the private deed or notarial deeed. The main problem of this study is about the strength and validity of the Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) Deed as evidence of transfer of rights, power and validity linked to the Supreme Court decision Number: 994 / K / PDT / 2020 jo Batam District Court Decision Number: 218 / PDT.G / 2017 / PN BTM. The research result explains that the Sale and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) Deed …

Perlindungan Terhadap Notaris Atas Kewajiban Pelaporan Kepemilikan Manfaat Berdasarkan Perpres 13 Tahun 2018, Fariz Rachman Widyanto

Indonesian Notary

This study discusses the protection of Notaries for reporting beneficial ownership. Beneficial ownership is regulated in Presidential Regulation 13 of 2018 (Perpres13/2018). With this Presidential Regulation, corporations are required to submit a statement regarding the truth of the information submitted to the authorized agency through AHU-Online. One of the parties who can convey information on the beneficial owner of the corporation is a Notary. Notaries in this case play an important role in disclosing beneficial ownership, in accordance with Presidential Regulation 13/2018 which regulates the obligation of corporations to convey information about beneficial owners to the authorized agency, which can …

Dampak Hukum Terhadap Akta Pemindahan Hak Dan Kuasa Serta Akta Jual Beli Yang Dilakukan Tanpa Sepengetahuan “Pemilik Objek” (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3090 K/Pdt/2016)”, Elfryda Prahandini

Indonesian Notary

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3090 K/Pdt/2016, yang mana terdapat gugatan terhadap Notaris/PPAT yang melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dalam hal pembuatan Akta Pemindahan Hak dan Kuasa serta Akta Jual Beli tanpa sepengetahuan dari pemilik sah atas tanah tersebut, dalam proses pembuatan akta-akta tersebut Notaris/PPAT mencatut tanpa izin dan tanpa sepengetahuan Penggugat berupa data-data, identitas, dan pemalsuan tanda tangan. Penggugat juga tidak mengetahui, tidak pernah menghadap, tidak pernah menandatangani dan tidak pernah memberikan persetujuan atas pembuatan akta-akta tersebut. Adapun permasalahan yang akan diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai akibat hukum terhadap Akta Pemindahan Hak dan Kuasa serta Akta …

Pertanggungjawaban Notaris Terhadap Akta Yang Batal Demi Hukum (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Negeri Nomor : 09/Pdt.G/2016/Pn.Mam Juncto Putusan Nomor 1544/Pid.B/2019/Pn.Mks), Vanya Putri Ratna Zackia

Indonesian Notary

This research discusses the responsibility of a Notary in carrying out the position, which if in the execution of the position there are things that might cause the deed void by the law. On actuate the position of a Notary, they have to be more careful in the deed work process to avoid the emergence of legal problems in the future, as happened in the case of the District Court Decree Number : 09/Pdt.G/2016/Pn.Mam Juncto Decree Number 1544/Pid.B/2019/Pn.Mks. This study aims to determine the juridical responsibility of a Notary for the existence of unlawful acts committed by clients who were …

Perbuatan Hukum Melawan Pidana Yang Dilakukan Oleh Notaris Yang Berkedudukan Di Yogyakarta (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor : **/Pid.B/2015/Pn.Yyk Tanggal 1 Juni 2015), Fauziah Indah Wardani

Indonesian Notary

Notary is an authorized Public Officer who is under supervision to carry out their position as a noble, integrous and professional notary. With regard to conducting criminal offense, a notary could be accounted for the deed that they make, based on what they see, what they witness and what they experience in a legal act. In this discussion, a notary often repeats a mistake, and upon their violation, a Notary is bound to be accounted for the mistake. Thus, the research is concerning with the responsibility of a notary who has made a violation that causes a loss to other …

Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Penjual Dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli Hak Atas Tanah Akibat Penyalahgunaan Keadaan (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 523 K/Pdt/2017), Olivia Ramadhani Dezytasari

Indonesian Notary

Buying and selling is an agreement, where before entering into an agreement the party making the agreement must fulfill the terms of the agreement, one of which is an agreement, if the agreement is not given freely then this causes the agreement to have a defect in the formation of the agreement or is called a defect of will. One of the reasons for canceling the agreement is the abuse of circumstances, where if the abuse of circumstances can be proven in the making of the agreement, the agreement can be requested for cancellation to the Court. The problems to …

Analisis Pengelolaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Depok Berdasarkan Sebaran Pendudukan Sesuai Dengan Peraturan Daerah Kota Depok Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Depok Tahun 2012-2032, Futri Wicaksono Br Surbakti

Indonesian Notary

Green open space is part of urban elements that have ecological, aesthetic, socio-cultural and economic functions. Although its role is quite important, it is not uncommon for green open spaces to be the target of meeting land needs for development. Therefore, it is necessary to have a green open space management policy that can guarantee its existence. The problem is whether the availability of Public Green Open Space in accordance with the distribution of occupation in Depok City is in accordance with the applicable law and what are the obstacles and efforts implemented by the Depok City Government. To answer …

Pelanggaran Terhadap Kewajiban Dan Larangan Jabatan Yang Dilakukan Oleh Notaris Dalam Pembuatan Akta Autentik (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar Nomor 261/Pdt.G/2016/Pn Dps), Nur Afni Hidayanti

Indonesian Notary

The Law on Notary Position (UUJN) clearly regulates the Obligations and Prohibitions of Notaries, but until now there are still Notaries who exercise their authority as regulated who ignore these obligations and prohibitions. This can be seen in Decision Number 261 / Pdt.G / 2016 / PN Dps, where the reporter with the initials YS feels aggrieved for the actions of a notary with the initials PH who is domiciled in Denpasar, Bali. The reporting party conveyed the actions of the Notary PH who allegedly committed this unprofessional act to the Denpasar District Court, Bali. According to the Notary Public …

Pertanggungjawaban Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah Atas Penggelapan Uang Pembayaran Bphtb Dan Pph Yang Dititipkan Oleh Klien (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor 738/Pid.B/2018/Pn.Smg), Azizah Amatullah Fitri

Indonesian Notary

Pembayaran Pajak Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) dan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) pada dasarnya, merupakan kewajiban dari pihak yang melakukan transaksi jual beli hak atas tanah atau wajib pajak. Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) hanya membantu klien, dengan memberikan pelayanan untuk menyetorkan pajak BPHTB dan PPh. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai pertanggungjawaban dari PPAT atas penggelapan uang titipan klien untuk pembayaran pajak BPHTB dan PPh serta penggelapan yang dikualifikasikan berdasarkan Pasal 372 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (selanjutnya disebut KUH Pidana) dalam putusan pengadilan Nomor 738/Pid.B/2018/PN.Smg. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan, bersifat eksplanatoris …