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Articles 61 - 90 of 146
Full-Text Articles in Labor and Employment Law
Genetic Discrimination: Does It Exist, And What Are Its Implications?, Paul Steven Miller
Genetic Discrimination: Does It Exist, And What Are Its Implications?, Paul Steven Miller
Journal of Law and Health
Does genetic discrimination exist? Thus far, there have been no cases other than Burlington Northern and maybe a couple of other cases which have been filed by plaintiffs in either federal or state court. Notwithstanding all of the statutes, there haven't been a tremendous amount of charges coming in, people coming to the EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission), or to respective state agencies and even filing charges. This fact confuses me, because I actually believe that genetic discrimination, as we've been talking about it, is happening more often in the real world than this charge flow would indicate.
Reasons To Eschew Federal Lawmaking And Embrace Common Law Approaches To Genetic Discrimination, S. Candice Hoke
Reasons To Eschew Federal Lawmaking And Embrace Common Law Approaches To Genetic Discrimination, S. Candice Hoke
Journal of Law and Health
Professor Hoffman and I agree: there ought to be some laws, but I want to talk to you a little bit about two possible, two real goals here. One is to ask you to critically evaluate whether a federal statute is the right remedial response at this point in time, and secondly, to ask you to start thinking about the possibility of drafting into service what we in law refer to as traditional state common-law approaches that actually might give us more and better ways to remedy what's going on than simply turning to Congress.
Genetic Testing And Employment Litigation, Harry Zanville
Genetic Testing And Employment Litigation, Harry Zanville
Journal of Law and Health
I have only a couple of comments to make that relate to litigation hurdles and how to achieve this balance, and the first thing I want to talk about, following the wonderful presentation is, in fact, we probably don't in some ways even need a new cause of action.
Columbia Business Law Review Spring Symposium 2000 Issue (Introduction), Doron M. Kalir
Columbia Business Law Review Spring Symposium 2000 Issue (Introduction), Doron M. Kalir
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
This is the Introduction to Spring Symposium Issue. On March 28, 2000, the Columbia Business Law Review hosted its Spring Symposium entitled "The Changing Workplace in the New Millennium." The symposium, which brought together legal scholars and thinkers from around the country, sought to address many current labor and employment law issues, as well as some which are likely to arise in the years to come
Sexual Harassment In The Workplace: How Arbitrators Decide , Mollie H. Bowers, E. Patrick Mcdermott
Sexual Harassment In The Workplace: How Arbitrators Decide , Mollie H. Bowers, E. Patrick Mcdermott
Cleveland State Law Review
For thirty years courts and labor arbitrators have grappled with what constitutes sexual harassment and how to remedy such behavior. The Federal judiciary has developed case law on sexual harassment under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. However, arbitrators addressing this issue under collective bargaining agreements have often treated similar fact patterns differently than jurists. In contrast, labor arbitrators decide culpability first, and then consider the appropriate remedy. In reconciling these separate paths for establishing standards of workplace conduct, the authors will provide a model that explains how arbitrators decide sexual harassment cases and how this model …
Iadimarco V. Runyon And Reverse Discrimination: Gaining Majority Support For Majority Plaintiffs, Maria A. Citeroni
Iadimarco V. Runyon And Reverse Discrimination: Gaining Majority Support For Majority Plaintiffs, Maria A. Citeroni
Cleveland State Law Review
This Note will argue that the Supreme Court should resolve the inconsistency within the federal system concerning the appropriate standard of proof in reverse discrimination disputes by adopting the reasoning set forth by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals. Section II will profile the history and purpose of Title VII, with emphasis on the "burden shifting" framework established by the Supreme Court to analyze claims of racial discrimination in the workplace. Section III will contrast the development of the "background circumstances" test applied by lower federal courts to discrimination claims brought by majority plaintiffs with the Supreme Court's recognition of …
Determining The Immunity Measuring Stick: The Impact Of The Health Care Quality Improvement Act And Antitrust Laws On Immunity Aspects Of Granting Privileges To Physician Assistants, Joseph Mark Saponaro
Determining The Immunity Measuring Stick: The Impact Of The Health Care Quality Improvement Act And Antitrust Laws On Immunity Aspects Of Granting Privileges To Physician Assistants, Joseph Mark Saponaro
Cleveland State Law Review
This note examines the antitrust developments that affect the health care industry; the Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986; the treatment of peer review process immunity for physicians as it now exists; how non-physician providers are dealt with in the peer review process; and where physician assistants fit into the whole scheme. Part I of this note lays a foundation of antitrust principles, briefly explaining the applicable portions of the Sherman Act. Part I continues by setting forth the approaches, rule of reason versus per se rule, that courts utilize when dealing with antitrust situations. After explaining these governing …
How The Supreme Court's Reiteration Of Sexual Harassment Standards Affirmed In Faragher And Ellerth Would Have Led To Jones' Survival In Jones V. Clinton, Moira Mcandrew
Cleveland State Law Review
This note demonstrates that a cognizable claim of sexual harassment may be predicated on a severe, yet isolated episode of sexual harassment. In this inquiry, we will look to other Supreme Court and Appellate Court decisions regarding sexual harassment law to support the conclusion that a single incident of sexual harassment can constitute an actionable hostile work environment claim. Part II traces the background of sexual harassment law, including what constitutes actionable discrimination and the applicable standards of a hostile work environment claim. Part III outlines the Supreme Court's analysis of actionable employment discrimination based on sexual harassment under Title …
The Politics Of Religion: Reasonable Accomodations And The Establishment Clause An Analysis Of The Workplace Religious Freedom Act, Gregory J. Gawlik
The Politics Of Religion: Reasonable Accomodations And The Establishment Clause An Analysis Of The Workplace Religious Freedom Act, Gregory J. Gawlik
Cleveland State Law Review
The Workplace Religious Freedom Act is the focus of this note. The Workplace Religious Freedom Act represents another Congressional attempt to fortify the "reasonable accommodations" and "undue hardship" standards of Title VII with regard to religious discrimination in the workplace; the WRFA does go in the face of Supreme Court decisions which have narrowed the scope of those standards, eased burdens on employers, and valiantly guarded the citadel of the First Amendment's Establishment Clause. Specifically, this note will analyze the potential constitutional infirmity of the Workplace Religious Freedom Act in light of Establishment Clause jurisprudence and the Court's rather murky …
Adea Claimant Can Retain Severance Payments And Sue Former Employer, Susan J. Becker
Adea Claimant Can Retain Severance Payments And Sue Former Employer, Susan J. Becker
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
Former employees can maintain claims under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) without first repaying the consideration received for an invalid release of claims. The Supreme Court's pronouncement, Oubre v. Entergy Operations, Inc., 1988 U.S. Lexis 646 (Jan. 26, 1998), may change the way many employers negotiate and execute severance packages and settlements with terminated employees.
Will The Real Legislature Please Stand Up - A Response To Kulch V. Structural Fibers, Inc.: Clarifying The Public Policy Exception , Margaret M. Koesel, David A. Bell, Tracey L. Turnbull
Will The Real Legislature Please Stand Up - A Response To Kulch V. Structural Fibers, Inc.: Clarifying The Public Policy Exception , Margaret M. Koesel, David A. Bell, Tracey L. Turnbull
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article briefly traces the history of the employment-at-will doctrine from its origins in the English common law through the present. It also examines the exceptions to this doctrine that have arisen during the twentieth century and, in particular, the "public policy" exception. Next, the Article analyzes how Ohio courts have narrowed the at-will doctrine since 1990. The Article then examines the Kulch decision and responds to a recent article that favorably analyzes Kulch. Finally, the Article concludes that this case is improperly decided because it usurps the right of the legislature to establish public policy in statutes and because …
The Shore Line Status Quo Requirement, Daniel R. Elliott Iii
The Shore Line Status Quo Requirement, Daniel R. Elliott Iii
Cleveland State Law Review
This article examines the Supreme Court’s 1969 decision in Detroit & Toledo Shore Line Railroad v. United Transportation Union. It discusses the decisions following 1969 that weakened the Shore Line holding and thus undermined one of the principal purposes behind the Railway Labor Act. Part I lays out the background of the Railway Labor Act status quo requirements. Part II delves into the Shore Line decision. Part III explains the effect subsequent status quo decisions have had on the Shore Line holding. Part IV discusses related case law that also impacted the Shore Line holding. And finally, Part V points …
Responsibilities Of Employers Toward Mentally Disabled Persons Under The Americans With Disabilities Act, Karin M. Mika, Denise Wimbiscus
Responsibilities Of Employers Toward Mentally Disabled Persons Under The Americans With Disabilities Act, Karin M. Mika, Denise Wimbiscus
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
This article discusses the standards of the American with Disabilities Act with respect to accommodating mental illness in the workplace. It argues that the ADA definitions are not precise enough in apprising employers of what their obligations are regarding mentally ill persons in the workplace. It additionally suggests revising the statue and regulations to achieve this goal.
What Kulch Accomplished; What Kulch Left Out, Sandra J. Kerber
What Kulch Accomplished; What Kulch Left Out, Sandra J. Kerber
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
An analysis of the rights of terminated whistleblowers in Ohio, as mandated by section 4113.52 of the Ohio Revised Code and interpreted by Kulch v. Structural Fibers, Inc., 677 N.E.2d 308 (Ohio 1997).
Evidentiary And Constitutional Implications Of Employee Drug Testing Through Hair Analysis, Theresa K. Casserly
Evidentiary And Constitutional Implications Of Employee Drug Testing Through Hair Analysis, Theresa K. Casserly
Cleveland State Law Review
This note addresses the legal issues affecting hair analysis as a drug detector. Part II outlines a background of hair analysis. Part III presents the scientific controversy that surrounds hair analysis. Part IV addresses cases involving hair analysis. Part V examines the privacy implications of employee drug testing through hair analysis. Part VI overviews statutes which affect this method of employee drug testing.
What Kulch Accomplished, What Kulch Left Out , Tim L. Sprague, Sandra J. Kerber
What Kulch Accomplished, What Kulch Left Out , Tim L. Sprague, Sandra J. Kerber
Cleveland State Law Review
The general rule that an at-will employee can be discharged at any time for any or no reason is not the case in Ohio, because it has developed a wrongful discharge exception to the employment at-will doctrine. Under this doctrine, an employer who wrongfully discharges an employee in violation of clear public policy is subject to an action for damages. The Ohio legislature enacted the Whistleblower’s Statute, which allows the terminated whistleblower to maintain a cause of action against his employer. The Ohio Supreme Court has strengthened protection by allowing the terminated employee to bring common law action for wrongful …
Kulch V. Structural Fibers, Inc.: Clarifying The Public Policy Exception , Sandra J. Rosenthal
Kulch V. Structural Fibers, Inc.: Clarifying The Public Policy Exception , Sandra J. Rosenthal
Cleveland State Law Review
The Kulch case is significant because of its far-reaching impact in the field of employment law. The decision marks the culmination of a trend in Ohio to expand the public policy exception doctrine and provide much needed protection for the rights of employees. Part II of this article discusses the broader development of the public policy exception, and Part III discusses the Kulch case specifically. The author concludes by stating that Kulch has emerged as the seminal Ohio case in employment law relating to the public policy exception, largely because Kulch provides wrongfully discharged employees the means to obtain full …
Confusion In The Courts: What To Do With Hiv-Positive And Aids-Infected Public Employees , Erika J. Crandall
Confusion In The Courts: What To Do With Hiv-Positive And Aids-Infected Public Employees , Erika J. Crandall
Journal of Law and Health
This paper is divided into five sections. Part one deals with background information on AIDS. Part two discusses current federal legislation. Part three examines how AIDS falls under federal legislation and case law, including the resulting impact of hiring AIDS-infected individuals. Part four evaluates possible violations of the Fourth Amendment resulting from the federal legislation and from an employer's mandatory testing of employees for the HIV virus. The last section discusses the government's liability when a public employee transmits AIDS to another individual during the course of employment.
Due Process Review Under The Railway Labor Act, Chris Sagers
Due Process Review Under The Railway Labor Act, Chris Sagers
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
The federal government regulates disputes between organized labor and management in a wide range of private industries. Most disputes are governed by the Labor-Management Relations Act (LMRA), which both protects the rights of management and organized labor and establishes a comprehensive scheme of dispute resolution. The Railway Labor Act (RLA), however, creates a regime unique to the railroad and airline industries. It requires that certain claims between the covered employers -- known in the RLA as “carriers” -- and their employees be settled by submission to the RLA statutory arbitration scheme. Under this scheme, parties must resolve disputes “in the …
Legal Problems Of Vocational And Professional Training During The Soviet Period Of Stagnation, Yuri I. Luryi
Legal Problems Of Vocational And Professional Training During The Soviet Period Of Stagnation, Yuri I. Luryi
Cleveland State Law Review
This article investigates the legal methods used to regulate professional training under Soviet labor law. It will examine relevant norms of labor legislation, the views of Soviet labor law specialists, and existing practice.
Single-Employer Profit Sharing Plans: Should A Break In Service That Occurs Because Of A Natural Disaster Result In The Forfeiture Of A Plan Participant's Nonvested Profit Sharing Benefit, Marie Ellen Haynes
Cleveland State Law Review
Most profit sharing plans provide that the nonvested portion of an employee's profit sharing benefit can be forfeited when the employee incurs a break in service. A break in service often results in termination. Employees can also break their service with an employer by quitting, retiring, dying, becoming disabled, getting laid-off, or being discharged for cause. Some of these methods of incurring a break from service are voluntary while others are involuntary. Whether an employee's profit sharing benefit can be forfeited may depend on whether his break in service was voluntary or involuntary. The issue that will be addressed here …
Legal Problems Of Vocational And Professional Training During The Soviet Period Of Stagnation, Yuri I. Luryi
Legal Problems Of Vocational And Professional Training During The Soviet Period Of Stagnation, Yuri I. Luryi
Cleveland State Law Review
This article investigates the legal methods used to regulate professional training under Soviet labor law. It will examine relevant norms of labor legislation, the views of Soviet labor law specialists, and existing practice.
Tester Standing In Employment Discrimination Cases Under 42 U.S.C. 1981, Michelle Landever
Tester Standing In Employment Discrimination Cases Under 42 U.S.C. 1981, Michelle Landever
Cleveland State Law Review
There is little direct evidence about the nature and extent of hiring discrimination in the United States. There is no empirical evidence that discrimination has been eliminated; and even across the political spectrum there is recognition that the problem still persists. As many more claims pertaining to promotions and terminations are filed, there is a misperception that these reflect a more serious problem than that of hiring discrimination. Victims of hiring discrimination are less likely to know that they have been discriminated against, and to have access to information needed to prove it. Thus, as discrimination at the hiring stage …
Conducting Informal Discovery Of A Party's Former Employees: Legal And Ethical Concerns And Constraints, Susan J. Becker
Conducting Informal Discovery Of A Party's Former Employees: Legal And Ethical Concerns And Constraints, Susan J. Becker
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
This Article identifies and critiques existing sources of confusion in the law and proposes revised and alternative discovery procedures to provide equal access to information possessed by ex-employees, while simultaneously safeguarding the integrity of that information. Its primary emphasis is on federal jurisprudence, although important points of consensus and departure between state and federal law are noted, as appropriate. Part I explains the issues that arise in informal discovery, and the difficulties with clearly resolving those issues given the conflicting state of the law. Part II discusses application of the attorney-client privilege to communications between corporate counsel and former employees, …
Judicial And Administrative Interpretations Of The Bona Fide Occupational Qualification As Applied To The Age Discrimination In Employment Act, Tracy Karen Finkelstein
Judicial And Administrative Interpretations Of The Bona Fide Occupational Qualification As Applied To The Age Discrimination In Employment Act, Tracy Karen Finkelstein
Cleveland State Law Review
This note will examine administrative and judicial standards used to prevent age discrimination in employment decisions. The first section will analyze the ADEA, enacted in response to the growing concern about age discrimination. The second section will discuss the Bona Fide Occupational Qualification exception to the ADEA's prohibition against age discrimination. Finally, the concerns particular to the airline industry regarding its age-related policies will be presented together with the responses of the FAA, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the judiciary in an attempt to clarify and resolve the difficulties inherent in situations where safety is a major concern.
Uaw V. Johnson Controls: The Supreme Court Fails To Get The Lead Out, Overlooks Fetal Harm Resulting From Workplace Exposure, John M. Tkacik Jr.
Uaw V. Johnson Controls: The Supreme Court Fails To Get The Lead Out, Overlooks Fetal Harm Resulting From Workplace Exposure, John M. Tkacik Jr.
Cleveland State Law Review
UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc., recently decided by the United States Supreme Court, has resulted in what one commentator described as "[t]he strongest and most important sex-discrimination victory in nearly 30 years." As a result of the decision, employers can no longer bar women from hazardous jobs through fetal-protection policies, except under the most extreme and narrow circumstances. This legal victory for women in the workplace, however, has seriously impacted the debate over the protection of fetal health and safety. The Supreme Court, in a seemingly encore presentation of Roe, again overlooked the harm facing the unborn child in Johnson …
Osha Criminal Penalty Reform Act: Workplace Safety May Finally Become A Reality, Timothy G. Gorbatoff
Osha Criminal Penalty Reform Act: Workplace Safety May Finally Become A Reality, Timothy G. Gorbatoff
Cleveland State Law Review
Present criminal penalty provisions under the Occupational Safety and Health Act are outdated and inadequate. They provide no meaningful deterrent to potential violators of workplace safety and health standards. This Note is written to assist the reader in understanding the statutory barriers which have hindered criminal enforcement of the OSH Act, and how the OSHA Criminal Penalty Reform Act breaks down these barriers to provide for a more effective criminal penalty structure. It begins with a brief history behind the enactment of the OSH Act and its enforcement record since 1970. Section III moves to a discussion of enhanced criminal …
The Supreme Court Drops The Ball In The N.F.L. Player Dispute, Eric E. Bell
The Supreme Court Drops The Ball In The N.F.L. Player Dispute, Eric E. Bell
Cleveland State Law Review
The purpose of this article is to offer guidance to courts and attorneys faced with the issue of determining the point in time that the non-statutory labor exemption terminates in the context of NFL labor relations and to propose a system of free agency which might ease this conflict between the League and players. To that end, this article begins by exploring the history of player relations in the NFL, the development of the Union and the subsequent collective bargaining agreements between the Players Association and the League. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of Powell v. NFL and …
The Supreme Court Drops The Ball In The N.F.L. Player Dispute, Eric E. Bell
The Supreme Court Drops The Ball In The N.F.L. Player Dispute, Eric E. Bell
Cleveland State Law Review
The purpose of this article is to offer guidance to courts and attorneys faced with the issue of determining the point in time that the non-statutory labor exemption terminates in the context of NFL labor relations and to propose a system of free agency which might ease this conflict between the League and players. To that end, this article begins by exploring the history of player relations in the NFL, the development of the Union and the subsequent collective bargaining agreements between the Players Association and the League. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of Powell v. NFL and …
Runyon Reconsidered: The Future Of Section 1981 As A Basis For Employment Discrimination Claims, Barbara L. Kramer
Runyon Reconsidered: The Future Of Section 1981 As A Basis For Employment Discrimination Claims, Barbara L. Kramer
Cleveland State Law Review
On April 25, 1988, the Supreme Court ignited a controversy by announcing that it would reconsider' its ruling in Runyon v. McCrary, a landmark 1976 civil rights decision, in a case currently before the Court, Patterson v. McClean Credit Union. Runyon affirmed the right of certain minority groups to sue private entities for unlawful discrimination under 42 U.S.C. Section 1981. Patterson calls into question the origin of the present Section 1981. This Note discusses the elements of the controversy unleashed by the Court: the origin and operation of the present Section 1981 and its relation to Title VII of the …