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Constitutional Law

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Articles 811 - 840 of 867

Full-Text Articles in Labor and Employment Law

"Extra Time For Overtime" Now Law, Frank E. Cooper Nov 1938

"Extra Time For Overtime" Now Law, Frank E. Cooper

Michigan Law Review

The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 presents a great many legal and practical problems of importance commensurate with the comprehensiveness of the act itself, which is probably the most far-reaching of the New Deal statutes since the N. R. A. The act is conceived on the theory that any physical handling of goods destined to be subsequently shipped to another state is an act so closely and substantially related to the flow of interstate commerce as to be subject to Congressional regulation, and thus depends for its validity upon an extension of the theories approved in the Wagner Act …


Constitutional Law - Separation Of Powers - Validity Of Statute Requiring Reference Of Disputes To Commissioner Of Labor, Edward D. Ranson Apr 1938

Constitutional Law - Separation Of Powers - Validity Of Statute Requiring Reference Of Disputes To Commissioner Of Labor, Edward D. Ranson

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff was conducting a private employment agency under a license issued by the commissioner of labor. The defendant, a movie actress, secured an engagement through the plaintiff's influence, pursuant to a contract. A dispute arose as to the amount of compensation due the plaintiff under the terms of the contract. A statute required reference of such disputes to the commissioner of labor, who was to hear and determine the same. Within ten days a dissatisfied party could appeal to the superior court and have a hearing de novo. The plaintiff, failing to comply with the statute, commenced the action …


Labor Law - Constitutionality Of State Anti-Injunction Acts - Existence Of A "Labor Dispute", Theodore R. Vogt Jun 1937

Labor Law - Constitutionality Of State Anti-Injunction Acts - Existence Of A "Labor Dispute", Theodore R. Vogt

Michigan Law Review

Organized labor has long contested the use of the injunction in labor disputes and since the turn of the century has been active in legislative circles to secure statutory relief from the paralyzing effect of the too-freely granted temporary injunction and restraining order. A substantial step forward was the enactment of the Clayton Act by Congress. Similar legislation was adopted by several states, some before and some after the congressional action. However, the expected benefits to labor did not accrue, for the Supreme Court in Duplex Printing Press Co. v. Deering so narrowly construed the statute as to rob it …


Constitutional Law - Validity Of Minimum Wage Legislation Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Jack L. White Jun 1937

Constitutional Law - Validity Of Minimum Wage Legislation Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Jack L. White

Michigan Law Review

A state statute provided that it should be unlawful to employ women at wages not adequate for their maintenance, and established a commission to fix wages according to such a standard after a public hearing and a conference of representatives of employees and employers, and disinterested persons representing the public. The appellee was employed as a chambermaid in the hotel of appellant at less than the minimum wage prescribed, and brought suit to recover the difference between these amounts. The state court gave judgment for the appellee, and on certiorari the Supreme Court held that the statute was valid and …


Constitutional Law -- Interstate Commerce -- Validity Of Federal Statute Prohibiting Interstate Shipment Of Prison-Made Goods, Joseph H. Mueller Feb 1937

Constitutional Law -- Interstate Commerce -- Validity Of Federal Statute Prohibiting Interstate Shipment Of Prison-Made Goods, Joseph H. Mueller

Michigan Law Review

The recent decision of the Supreme Court in Kentucky Whip & Collar Co. v. Illinois Central R. R., provides an effective method of circumventing the doctrine of Hammer v. Dagenhart, which held that Congress may not prohibit the interstate transportation of commodities which are harmless except for their economic effect in the state of destination. It is hailed by the advocates of reform as furnishing an avenue of approach to such problems as the regulation of minimum wages and hours and child labor.


Constitutional Law-Police Power -Validity Of Compulsory Unemployment Insurance Act Jun 1936

Constitutional Law-Police Power -Validity Of Compulsory Unemployment Insurance Act

Michigan Law Review

Complainants asked for a declaratory judgment that the New York Unemployment Insurance Act is unconstitutional. They contended that the law, providing for the payment of limited unemployment benefits out of a fund raised by a uniform payroll tax imposed on all employers, takes property without due process of law. Held, that the law is valid, violating neither the state nor the Federal Constitution. W. H. H. Chamberlain, Inc. v. Andrews, 271 N. Y. 1, 2 N. E. (2d) 22 (1936).


Constitutional Law - Minimum Wage Decision - Future Of Legislation By States Jun 1936

Constitutional Law - Minimum Wage Decision - Future Of Legislation By States

Michigan Law Review

The shadow of a thirteen-year old decision which many had hoped was laid forever again fell upon the field of minimum wage legislation as the Supreme Court invalidated the New York minimum wage law for women. With this holding, which came as a surprise to many, the issue of the constitutionality of minimum wage legislation was again thrust into the limelight, and with the two great political parties wrestling with the problem of party programs, the decision may have political repercussions, of a force as yet incalculable. Before considering the future of minimum wage legislation, let us take a brief …


Constitutional Law - Regulation Of Employment Agencies - Denial Of License Where Field Is Overcrowded Dec 1935

Constitutional Law - Regulation Of Employment Agencies - Denial Of License Where Field Is Overcrowded

Michigan Law Review

A Minnesota statute required the Industrial Commission to refuse to license an employment agency whenever the Commission should find "that the number of licensed employment agents . . . in the community in which the applicant for a permit proposes to operate is sufficient to supply the needs of employers and employees." Plaintiff's application was denied because the Commission found that sufficient agencies existed in the city of Duluth. In an appeal from a mandamus proceeding the Supreme Court of Minnesota held, Deveny, C. J., dissenting, that the statute denied plaintiff due process of law. The court reached this …


Constitutional Law - National Industrial Recovery Act May 1935

Constitutional Law - National Industrial Recovery Act

Michigan Law Review

Defendants conducted wholesale poultry slaughterhouse markets. They had been convicted in a District Court of violating the following provisions of the "Live Poultry Code," promulgated under Section 3 of the National Industrial Recovery Act: (1) Minimum wages; (2) Maximum hours; (3) Requirement of "straight killing"; (4) Requirement of compliance with the inspection ordinances of the City of New York; (5) Requirement of filing of true reports of volume of business, etc., to the Code Authority; (6) Requirement of sale to dealers licensed by the City of New York. On a writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of the United …


Constitutional Law-Validity Of State Anti-Injunction Legislation Mar 1935

Constitutional Law-Validity Of State Anti-Injunction Legislation

Michigan Law Review

The development of organized labor in the United States has created difficult legal and social problems with which the courts and the legislatures are required to deal. The courts were the first to deal with these problems and, rightly or wrongly, attempted to apply to them the existing rules of law. For instance, the rules of property law have been applied. Where organized labor interfered with the carrying of the mail, it was said that the federal government had a property right in the mails. Where the carrying on of a business was interfered with, it was held that the …


Constitutional Law-Strike As Interference With Interstate Commerce Dec 1933

Constitutional Law-Strike As Interference With Interstate Commerce

Michigan Law Review

Whether the federal courts have jurisdiction to apply the mailed fist of the injunction to the settlement of strike disputes sometimes depends on whether the strike is deemed an interference with interstate commerce. Thus, the Supreme Court held in the recent case of Levering & Garrigues v. Morrin that relief must be denied a group of New York structural steel fabricators who sought to enjoin the boycott activities of the iron workers union, because " . . . the sole aim of the conspiracy was to halt or suppress local building operations as a means of compelling the employment of …


Constitutional Law--Legislative Regulation Of Fees Charged By Employment Agencies, Henry P. Snyder Apr 1931

Constitutional Law--Legislative Regulation Of Fees Charged By Employment Agencies, Henry P. Snyder

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Law--Jurisdiction Of State Courts Over Causes Arising Under Federal Employer's Liability Act, Bernard C. Gavit Jan 1929

Constitutional Law--Jurisdiction Of State Courts Over Causes Arising Under Federal Employer's Liability Act, Bernard C. Gavit

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.


Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper Jun 1928

Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper

Michigan Law Review

With this material in mind, is it possible to arrive at any useful conclusions as to what constitutes due process of law in labor legislation? In each group of cases, there seem to be two distinct, though inseparable functions of the judicial process of reviewing the legislation in question. The courts, in brief, are arriving at conclusions both of fact and of law. The impression was, at one time prevalent that the extent of review of certain types of labor legislation was limited to the reasonableness of the' statute as respects the end sought and the means of attaining that …


Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper May 1928

Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper

Michigan Law Review

State interference with conditions of employment, as determined by the strength of the contracting parties, by imposing requirements calculated to protect the safety and health of employees, has not been without interruption from the courts. In the earlier cases, when organized labor was not strong enough to enforce the most reasonable demands without assistance from the legislature, the courts were wont to look with astute eye upon the infringement of liberty of contract thus resulting. When the reasoning started with the assumption that liberty of contract was the rule and the employment of the police power of the State the …


Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper Apr 1928

Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper

Michigan Law Review

Any regulation on the part of the state of the relations between the laborer and his employer must necessarily deprive the one or the other of his liberty or property, by interfering with his freedom to contract. The protection of freedom of contract which the Constitution affords is not, however, an absolute right. There is nothing necessarily unconstitutional about such legislation unless it is "without due process of law." In other words, legislation of this kind is usually a valid regulation if it can be justified as coming within the due process of law provision.


Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Pt. 1, Fowler V. Harper Jan 1928

Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Pt. 1, Fowler V. Harper

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.


Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Pt. 3, Fowler V. Harper Jan 1928

Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Pt. 3, Fowler V. Harper

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Law-Due Process-Compulsory Arbitration Under Kansas Industrial Relations Act Nov 1925

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Compulsory Arbitration Under Kansas Industrial Relations Act

Michigan Law Review

Another interesting chapter has been written in the legal history of the Kansas Court of Industrial Relations, that most interesting attempt to substitute judicial methods for the present condition of strife in the field of industrial dispute, and to recognize the rights of the public as an interested third party in such disputes. In Wolff Packing Co. v. Court of Industrial Relations, U. S. Sup. Ct., Oct. Term, 1924, Nos. 207 and 299, 45 S. Ct. Rep. 441, the Supreme Court of the United States has decided that the Industrial Relations Act, c. 29, LAWS 1920 (KANSAS), SPECIAL SESSION, …


Constitutional Rights And The Industrial Struggle, Sidney Post Simpson Apr 1924

Constitutional Rights And The Industrial Struggle, Sidney Post Simpson

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Constitutional Law--Due Process--Kansas Industrial Court Dec 1923

Constitutional Law--Due Process--Kansas Industrial Court

Michigan Law Review

Has the State power to regulate wages and to secure continuity of functioning in essential industries? The U. S. Supreme Court, in Wolff Packing Co. v. Court of Industrial Relations of Kansas, -- U. S. -- Adv. Op. June 11, 1923, says no, at least as to individuals or corporations, engaged in the production of food, but not strong enough to dominate or control the industry. The case involves the validity, under the Federal Constitution, of the Kansas Act establishing the Court of Industrial Relations, referred to hereinafter as the "Industrial Court." Special Session Laws of Kansas, 1920, Chap. …


Constitutional Law--Minimum Wage Law For Women As A Violation Of The Fifth Amendment Jun 1923

Constitutional Law--Minimum Wage Law For Women As A Violation Of The Fifth Amendment

Michigan Law Review

The advance of so-called social legislation within the last several decades has furnished an intensely interesting period in constitutional and industrial development. The last skirmish with the fast-disappearing forces of logic and anachronistic formalism seems to have been fought in the recent case of Adkins v. Lyons (April 9, 1923), U. S. Adv. Ops. 795 and 796.


Book Reviews Apr 1923

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


The Supreme Court's Adjudication Of Constitutional Issues In 1921-1922, Iii Jan 1923

The Supreme Court's Adjudication Of Constitutional Issues In 1921-1922, Iii

Michigan Law Review

The conundrum, "When is a tax not a tax?" received in Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. the answer: When from the face of the statute it appears that a prohibitory or regulatory penalty has been imposed for a departure from a detailed and specified course of conduct in business. Over the dissent of Mr. Justice Clarke, the court condemned as not an exercise of the federal taxing power a provision in the Revenue Act of 1918 imposing an excise of ten per cent of the net profits on all enterprises employing children under designated ages or in excess of designated …


Constitutional Law-Tax On Employment Of Child Labor Nov 1922

Constitutional Law-Tax On Employment Of Child Labor

Michigan Law Review

The federal Child Labor Tax Law, Act of February 24, 1919, levied a tax of ten per cent on the net income of persons employing child labor. The act exempts from its operation employers who do not know the child employee to be under age. It also provides for the appointment of inspectors by the Secretary of Labor.


The Railway Strike Injunction Nov 1922

The Railway Strike Injunction

Michigan Law Review

The bill in this case was filed by the United States of America against various labor organizations, and officers of such organizations, concerned in the strike of railway shopmen. It alleged (in brief) a conspiracy on the part of defendants to compel the railroads to disregard the wage decision of the Labor Board, by obstructing the transportation of passengers and property in interstate commerce and the carriage of the mails. A temporary restraining order was issued on September 1, and a temporary injunction on September 25. None of the defendants answered the bill, but two of them appeared, moving to …


Note And Comment, George E. Longstaff, George L. Clark, Edwin D. Dickinson Mar 1922

Note And Comment, George E. Longstaff, George L. Clark, Edwin D. Dickinson

Michigan Law Review

Constitutionality of the LA Follette Amendment to the Internal Revenue Law of 1921 - The United States Senate on November 5, 1921, inserted in the Revenue Act, then before the Senate, a provision that taxpayers in their income tax returns must specify what state and municipal bonds they hold, or else be subject to a penalty of five per cent. That provision was dropped out in conference, but it will come up again, and it is well to look at its constitutionality under the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution prohibiting unreasonable searches.


The Modification Of An Existing Legal Rule As A Denial Of Due Process, Equal Protection, Or Fundamental Principles Of Right And Justice, J. W. M. Jan 1922

The Modification Of An Existing Legal Rule As A Denial Of Due Process, Equal Protection, Or Fundamental Principles Of Right And Justice, J. W. M.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Recent Important Decisions; Book Reviews, Edwin C. Goddard, John R. Rood May 1916

Recent Important Decisions; Book Reviews, Edwin C. Goddard, John R. Rood

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions and book reviews.


Recent Important Decisions Apr 1916

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.