Jurisdiction Commons^™

Remarks On Subject Matter Jurisdiction, Michael Blechman

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In United States jurisprudence, two quite different legal concepts are both labeled jurisdiction. In personam or personal jurisdiction refers to the extent to which a court has power over a particular defendant. Subject matter jurisdiction is an entirely different concept that addresses the question of whether a particular law is intended to apply to different kinds of conduct. In the antitrust area, for example, obtaining subject matter jurisdiction depends upon whether conduct within the United States has a sufficient impact on interstate commerce or foreign conduct has a sufficient impact on United States domestic or export commerce to be within …

Case Digest, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Point of Final Loading and Routing is Place of Shipment for Purposes of Valuing Lost Cargo; Private Carrier's Both-to-Blame Clause is Enforceable---Allseas Maritime, S.A. v. M/V Mimosa, 574 F. Supp. 844 (S.D. Tex. 1983).

LAND-BASED NEGLIGENCE CAUSING AN AIRPLANE CRASH IN INTERNATIONAL WATERS FALLS WITHIN ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION--Miller v. United States, 18 Av. CAS. (CCH) 17,912 (11th Cir. 1984).

FREIGHT FORWARDER WHO BREACHES A FIDUCIARY DUTY TO HIS SHIPPER VIOLATES THE WIRE FRAUD STATUTE--United States v. Armand Ventura, 724 F.2d 305 (2d Cir. 1983).

IN PERSONAM JURISDICTION OBTAINED BY ATTACHMENT OF PROPERTY IS DIFFERENT FROM IN REM JURISDICTION--Belcher Co. v. MIV …

United States Jurisdiction Over Extraterritorial Crime, Christopher L. Blakesley

Scholarly Works

The term jurisdiction may be defined as the authority to affect legal interests -- to prescribe rules of law (legislative jurisdiction), to adjudicate legal questions (judicial jurisdiction) and to enforce judgments the judiciary made (enforcement jurisdiction). The definition, nature and scope of jurisdiction vary depending on the context in which it is to be applied. United States domestic law, for example, defines and applies notions of jurisdiction pursuant to the United States constitutional provisions relating to the separation of powers. Within the United States, jurisdiction is defined and applied in a variegated fashion depending on whether a legal problem is …

Aspects Of International Law Affecting The Naval Commander, Geoffrey E. Carlisle

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

The International Law Of The Armed Forces Abroad, Gordon B. Baldwin

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Recognition Of States And Governments, Brunson Macchesney

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Case Digest, Journal Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

1. Admiralty A State has Standing to Sue to Recover the Cost of Replacing Natural Resources Destroyed by Pollution

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2. Aliens' Rights Executive Order Barring Lawfully Admitted Resident Aliens from Federal Civil Service is Valid

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3. Constitutional Law Scope of Lacey Act Limited to Foreign Laws Designed to Protect Wildlife

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4. European Economic Community Restrictive Resale Provisions, Discriminating Pricing Policies, and Refusals to Deal by Corporation with a Dominant Position in a Substantial Part of EEC Violates Article 86 of the EEC Treaty

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5. International Travel Statute Suspending Social Security Income Benefits for Recipient Temporarily Out …

Footnote To The Nuclear Test Cases: Abuse Of Right--A Blind Alley For Environmentalists, Jerome B. Elkind

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In a recent article entitled "French Nuclear Tests and Article 41: Another Blow to the Authority of the Court," the author questioned the approach of the learned Judges of the International Court of Justice to article 41 of the Court's Statute. The title of that article was intended to deplore the recent tendency of States (most particularly France, but also Iceland) who are parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice to arrogate to themselves the right to determine whether the Court has jurisdiction...

The judgment of December 20, 1974 is but one more example of the extremes …

Case Digest, Journal Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

1. Admiralty

State Port Authority Acting Incident to Maritime Carriage Subject to Admiralty Jurisdiction in Damage Suit

MARINE INSURANCE PROVIDING COVERAGE OF LOSSES "ARISING FROM OR OCCURRING FROM" SPECIFIED CONDITIONS DOES NOT COVER LOSSES OCCURRING AFTER PERIOD OF COVERAGE DUE TO CONDITIONS WHICH INITIALLY AROSE DURING THE PERIOD OF COVERAGE

FEDERAL COURT LACKS POWER UNDER SUITS IN ADMIRALTY ACT TO IMPOSE GOVERNMENTAL LIABILITY FOR HARM CAUSED BY FAILURE TO EXERCISE DISCRETIONARY FUNCTION

2. Alien's Rights

FAMILY RELATIONSHIP CAN BE SHOWN AS A MATTER OF FACT FOR IMMIGRATION PURPOSES WHERE APPLICABLE FOREIGN DOMESTIC LAW HOLDS MEANINGLESS THE CONCEPT OF LEGITIMACY

3. …

Recent Developments--Recent Decisions, Philip B. Barr, Jr., Michael Stukenberg

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

All nations recognize the enormous problem of marine pollution. The sources of marine pollution are definable, and there are methods by which these sources may be restricted. Virtually all mankind would prefer less pollution to more. Prevention, however, becomes less attractive in light of its costs, which assume both political and economic characteristics. Varying political and economic climates coupled with problems of sovereignty and national self-interest render agreement on the imposition of standards difficult. This Recent Development will chart past and present efforts at the preservation of the marine environment, consider the issues confronting the United Nations Third Conference on …

Books Received, Journal Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

ABSTRACTION AND USE OF WATER: A COMPARISON OF LEGAL REGIMES By Ludwik A. Teclaff

New York, United Nations Publications,1972. Pp. iv, 254. $5.50.

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CONSULATE OF THE SEA AND RELATED DOCUMENTS

By Stanley S. Jados

University, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press,1975. Pp. xvi, 326. $12.00

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FOOTSTEPS INTO THE FUTURE

by Rajni Kothari

New York: The Free Press, 1974. Pp. xxiii, 173. $8.95.

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THE FUTURE OF INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES MANAGEMENT

Edited by H. Gary Knight

St. Paul, Minnesota: West Publishing Co., 1975.Pp. xiii, 253. $14.00.

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THE ILLEGAL DIVERSION OF AIRCRAFT AND INTERNATIONAL LAW

By Edward McWhinney

Leiden: A.W. …

The Statutory Proposal To Regulate The Jurisdictional Immunities Of Foreign States, R. Lee Bennett

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In January 1973, the Departments of State and Justice submitted to Congress a draft bill that defines the jurisdictional immunities of foreign states in United States courts. This draft legislation represents a major shift in the State Department's posture on the substantive and procedural issues of sovereign immunity that will undoubtedly stir considerable controversy within the international bar during its examination by Congress.

A survey of current United States practice regarding the immunity of foreign states reveals that reform is mandatory. At present the determination whether a foreign state is entitled to jurisdictional immunity is made by the courts, whose …

French Nuclear Testing And Article 41--Another Blow To The Authority Of The Court?, Jerome B. Elkind

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

On the 23rd of July 1973, at 9:00 a.m. New Zealand time, members of the crew of the New Zealand vessel, Otago, witnessed a nuclear explosion on one of the islands in the Mururoa atoll. The blast, a small one in the low kiloton range, marked the beginning of the eighth series of French atmospheric nuclear tests, which have been conducted in the Pacific since July 1966 when France moved its nuclear test site from the Reggane Firing Ground in the Sahara. Since that time the French nuclear tests have been a perennial sore spot in the diplomatic relations between …

Multiple Jurisdiction--Will It Save Or Destroy The Oceans? Political Analysis Of A Legal Problem, Charles F. Doran

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The recent trend of claims to the ocean and its riches has led far beyond the liberal twelve nautical mile territorial sea limit that the United States is prepared to recognize. In particular, two documents, the Declaration of Santo Domingo, proposing a "patrimonial sea" of 200 miles, and the draft articles on an "exclusive economic zone" of 200 miles submitted by Kenya, are likely to find much favor at the substantive session of the Third Law of the Sea Conference to be held at Caracas in the summer of 1974. Emerging from conflicts of interest, which have gradually eroded the …

Statutory Reform In Claims Against Foreign States: The Belman-Lowenfeld Proposal, Richard K.V. Hines, Kurt A. Strasser

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The executive branch of the United States Government has indicated recently that it is reexamining its dominant judicatory role in the field of sovereign immunity of foreign states. Studies undertaken in 1966 by the State Department resulted in the preparation of draft legislation on sovereign immunity that the Department has been studying for possible presentation to Congress. The proposed Belman-Lowenfeld legislation would completely remove the State Department from any role in deciding sovereign immunity cases. The proposal itself would subject foreign states to the jurisdiction of United States federal courts for activities carried on or having a direct effect in …

Recent Treaties And Statutes, Arthur R. Louv, Woodard E. Farmer, Jr., Mark R. Von Sternberg

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

ADMIRALTY--AMENDMENT TO FEDERAL MARITIME LIEN ACT--CHARTERER CONCLUSIVELY PRESUMED TO AUTHORIZE LIENS FOR NECESSARIES AND REPAIRS

Arthur R. Louv

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TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION--MASSACHUSETTS JUDICIAL EXTENSION ACT--STATE LEGISLATURE EXTENDS JURISDICTION OF STATE COURTS TO 200 MILES AT SEA

Woodard E. Farmer, Jr.

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TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION--MINING THE DEEP SEA BED--INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS AND NATIONAL RESOLUTIONS

Mark R. von Sternberg