International Trade Law Commons^™

Antitrust In A World Of Interrelated Economies: The Interplay Between Antitrust And Trade Policies In The Us And The Eec, Alyssa A. Grikscheit

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Antitrust In a World of Interrelated Economies: The Interplay Between Antitrust and Trade Policies in the US and the EEC by Mário Marques Mendes

Your Image Is My Image: When Advertising Dedicates Trademarks To The Public Domain - With An Example From The Trademark Counterfeiting Act Of 1984, Malla Pollack

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Aviation Law And Regulation: Abridged Student Edition, Robert M. Hardaway, Paul Stephen Dempsey, William E. Thoms

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

We sought to write a comprehensive reference book for aviation lawyers and practitioners, and airline and aircraft manufactuing executives in need of vital information regarding law and government regulation in the field of commercial and general aviation. We envision this book as an aid for the neophyte and experienced practitioner alike.

China And Gatt: Accession Instead Of Resumption, Ya Qin

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

The Antidumping Laws And Principles Under The Gatt: Protecting Protection, The “Dunkel Drafts” And After The Uruguay Round, Heejang Yoo

LLM Theses and Essays

The antidumping laws of the U.S., Canada, Australia, European countries, and other developing countries are seen as protectionist of those nation’s local industries at the expense of foreign exporters. The fact that foreign exporters cannot obtain a meaningful judicial review of these antidumping laws only compounds the matter. This thesis urges nations to adopt multilateral competition-oriented antidumping polices and to abandon producer-oriented protectionist laws. Even if the notion of trade liberalization has been discredited under the GATT, the author advocates a return to such a goal in the context of antidumping laws. In reaching this conclusion, this thesis analyzes current …

The Application Of U.S. Antidumping Law To The Imports From The People's Republic Of China: Review Of Evolution And Need For Revolution, Li Yang

LLM Theses and Essays

Despite the dramatic increase in trade between the U.S. and China since the normalization of relations between the countries in 1979, China is still confronted with U.S. laws that hinder trade. The most serious threat to Sino-U.S. trade is the U.S. antidumping law, which authorizes the imposition of a duty on imported merchandise that the Department of Commerce determines is sold at less than fair value, if the U.S. International Trade Commission determines the U.S. industry in that field is materially injured. This law and cases interpreting it are examined. With its low wage rate and lack of cost accounting, …

The Extraterritorial Application Of Antitrust Laws: A Postscript On Hartford Fire Insurance Co. V. California, Roger P. Alford

Journal Articles

Last year in the pages of this journal I published an article comparing the United States and the European Union (E.U.) approaches to the extraterritorial application of antitrust laws. In discussing the U.S. approach, I predicted that "while the jurisdictional rule of reason has its weaknesses, it will remain a lasting fixture on the legal landscape precisely because it represents the only genuine, though inexact, attempt by courts to fashion a jurisdictional test which incorporates the legitimate sovereignty interests of foreign nations." Thus, it was with disappointment that I, along with other proponents of a jurisdictional rule of reason, received …

Sectoral Strategies And Participant Commitments: The Keys To Effective Trade And Industrial Policies, Robert E. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

The declining competitiveness of the U.S. manufacturing sector of the most important causes of the decline in real wages and the stagnation in the level of the median family incomes which have plagued the United States since about 1973. Although the reports of the decline in American living standards were greeted with some skepticism when they first appeared in the work of the Economic Policy Institute ("EPI") in 1985, they have now achieved a high level of prominence on the national policy agenda. More recent studies by EPI and other research groups urge two cures for the decline. First, employment …

Beyond The Historical Lines Of Demarcation: Competition Law, Intellectual Property Rights, And International Trade After The Gatt's Uruguay Round, J. H. Reichman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Aviation Law And Regulation, Robert M. Hardaway, Paul Stephen Dempsey, William E. Thoms

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

We sought to write a comprehensive reference book for aviation lawyers and practitioners, and airline and aircraft manufactuing executives in need of vital information regarding law and government regulation in the field of commercial and general aviation. We envision this book as an aid for the neophyte and experienced practitioner alike.

Airlines, Airports And Antitrust: A Proposed Strategy For Enhanced Competition, Robert M. Hardaway, Paul Stephen Dempsey

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Most of this country's major airports are monopolies or duopolies at which one or two dominant carriers control a high percentage of terminal facilities. Airlines have used this market power to raise fares on flights originating and terminating at such airports. Although this power has been gained in part through the process of buy-outs and mergers in the airline industry itself, it has also been gained through actions taken in concert with airport authorities, such as when agreements are entered into that effectively limit the availability of airport facilities to new entrants and other competitors. Airlines, by virtue of rights …

Overview Of Section 337 Of The Tariff Act Of 1930: A Primer For Practice Before The International Trade Commission, 25 J. Marshall L. Rev. 459 (1992), William L. Lafuze, Patricia F. Stanford

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Perilous Process Of Protecting Process Patents From Infringing Importations, 14 Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L.J. 207 (1992), Mark E. Wojcik

UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Extraterritorial Application Of Antitrust Laws: The United States And European Community Approaches, Roger P. Alford

Journal Articles

This Arti­cle compares the differing approaches of the United States and the European Community as they wrestle with the question of how to regulate foreign anticompetitive activity. More specifically, this Arti­cle highlights the distinctive features of the U.S. "effects doctrine" and the European Community's "implementation approach" and ana­lyzes the differences that exist between the two systems. Only the U.S. doctrine openly provides for the consideration of international comity concerns, but both approaches have been used liberally to assert jurisdiction over foreign defendants. Part II of this Article pro­vides a background to the subject by briefly outlining the traditional bases of …

A History Of Gatt Unfair Trade Remedy Law--Confusion Of Purposes, John J. Barceló Iii

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

This paper presents an analytical history of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy law in GATT and its member countries. In recent years this body of ‘unfair trade remedy’ law has flourished in the western trading system. Important trading countries have adopted new or expanded anti-dumping and anti-subsidy laws and imposed trade-blocking remedies under them more frequently than ever before. I try to explain in this essay how and why these laws--which I view as protectionist--have prospered and become so rooted in GATT and its member countries.

Tax Considerations In Foreign Trade And Investment In The Ussr, Michael Newcity

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The purpose of this Article is to provide a primer on the tax treatment accorded in the USSR to the various forms of income that foreign companies and individuals may earn in the course of doing business or otherwise investing there. This Article will not provide exhaustive answers to all questions arising in connection with the taxation of income earned by foreign businesses in the USSR. Such exhaustive answers are not currently possible because of frequent changes in Soviet tax legislation and the lack of comprehensive and sophisticated regulations interpreting that legislation.

The Soviet Government, at both the union and …

Trade And Investment In Central And Eastern Europe: A Bibliographic Survey Of Current Literature In English, Igor I. Kavass, William M. Walker

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The year 1989 will be remembered as an important year in the histories of the Central and Eastern European countries because of the demise of the Soviet-controlled regimes and the emergence of independent and largely pluralistic political movements. A major catalyst for such radical political change was the decline of the centralized command economies in the Central and Eastern European countries. These so-called "Soviet Bloc" countries modeled their economic systems after the Soviet Union and, like the Soviet model, these countries found themselves saddled with an increasingly inefficient economic system. When the political systems changed, the new governments immediately took …

Current Administration Of U.S. Antidumping And Countervailing Duty Laws: Implications For Prospective U.S.-Mexico Free Trade Talks, Stephen J. Powell, Craig R. Giesse, Craig L. Jackson

UF Law Faculty Publications

This Article discusses the current administration of the U.S. antidumping and countervailing duty laws in proceedings involving products from Mexico. Specifically, this Article begins by providing an overview of the basic statutory and regulatory provisions of the U.S. antidumping duty law, emphasizing the application of certain provisions in cases involving imports from Mexico. The Article then focuses its discussion upon recent developments in the U.S. countervailing duty law that have had a unique effect upon Mexican exporters. The Article continues by highlighting the antidumping and countervailing duty provisions of the recently concluded U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement (the "FTA" or "Agreement"). …

More Lessons From Japan: End Industrywide Collective Bargaining?, Robert H. Lande, Richard O. Zerbe Jr.

All Faculty Scholarship

The number of books and articles discussing Japanese management techniques with an eye to transplanting them to the United States is staggering. Americans understandably are impressed by Japanese efficiency and like to think the adoption of some of their techniques will aid our own industries. Often these proposals seem fanciful and fail to recognize the many differences between the two countries, their economic systems and cultures.

The European Economic Community: Challenge And Opportunity, 24 J. Marshall L. Rev. 145 (1990), Seymour Rothstein, David M. Rosenblatt

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

A New Look At The European Economic Community Directive On Insider Trading, Amy E. Stutz

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

On 13 November 1989, the European Council passed a directive on the regulation of insider trading. This legislation is designed to coordinate the various laws of the European Economic Community states and to encourage investor confidence in their securities markets. In analyzing the directive, the author proposes the United States experience in the regulation of insider trading as a model for the efforts of the EEC. Considering both the strengths and weaknesses of the United States experience, the author describes the United States shift in emphasis from the regulation of individuals to the regulation of institutions. This shift reflects the …

The Gray Market After K Mart: Shopping For Solutions, Danielle G. Mazur

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Promotion Of U.S. Foreign Investment In Selected Eastern European Countries In The 1990’S. Comparative Analysis Of Foreign Investment Laws In Poland, The Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, And Hungary And Possible Impact Of The U.S. Law On Their Operation, Dorota Szewc

LLM Theses and Essays

Perestroika describes the historical revolution of political and economic reforms which were aimed at accelerating economic growth, democratization, and openness. As the failings of the socialist economic model became more apparent, Eastern European nations were motivated to enact laws allowing foreign investment. A comparative analysis of these foreign investment laws in Poland, the Soviet Union, Hungary, and Yugoslavia is made. Even with the reforms in Eastern Europe, U.S. law may affect the actions of American investors in Eastern Europe. Specifically, U.S. export control laws effect the trade between the U.S. and countries still deemed to be communist, and U.S. antitrust …

Harnessing The Multinational Corporation To Enhance Third World Development - The Rise And Fall And Future Of Antitrust As Regulator, Eleanor M. Fox

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Squaring The Gray Goods Circle, Thomas A. Smart

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Merger Policy And Industrial Policy , Keith Cowling

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

The article by Adams and Brock is a welcome and important antidote to current government thinking about merger policy, both in the United States and in Europe. In both regions, the government approach presumes the efficiency-creating properties of mergers and, therefore, adopts an extremely permissive stance. The declared imperative of international competitiveness echoes the view towards mergers which prevailed in Europe during the 1960s. However, while the analysis of Adams and Brock is both important and correct, I believe it is also incomplete. If bigness is a problem created largely by the laxity of past merger policy, then it is …

Does Exposure To International Trade Justify Relaxed Antitrust Treatment Of Mergers, William James Adams

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

When industries are exposed to foreign competition, relaxation of antitrust law in general, and of antimerger law in particular, may be justified in two ways. First, it may be argued that the ability to compete with foreigners requires possession of market power. One variant of this argument stresses the desirability of market power itself. Domestic enterprises must neutralize restrictive practices abroad -- whether they are inspired by foreign governments or merely tolerated by them -- if such enterprises are to enjoy their "natural" comparative advantages. A second variant of the argument emphasizes the growth of minimum efficient scale in manufacturing, …

Trade Regulations In International Transfer Of Technology Agreements: A Comparative View Of National And International Legal Provisions, Franz-Martin Wolff

LLM Theses and Essays

This LL.M. thesis provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of national and international legal frameworks governing the regulation of international transfer of technology agreements, set against the backdrop of the stalled UNCTAD negotiations on a Draft International Code of Conduct on the Transfer of Technology. The work examines the role of national patent systems under the Paris Convention, analyzes proposed modifications — including preferential treatment for Developing Countries — and evaluates the adverse effects of monopolistic rights granted under patent laws. Key topics include antitrust regulation in the United States (Sherman Act per se violations and rule of reason), the European …

Using The Antitrust Laws To Combat Overseas Bribery By Foreign Companies: A Step To Even The Odds In International Trade, Franklin A. Gevurtz

McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Cumulation Of Import Statistics In Injury Investigations Before The International Trade Commission, 7 Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus. 433 (1986), William B.T. Mock

UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.