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Articles 241 - 270 of 372
Full-Text Articles in International Law
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility: Korea's Role In The War Against Online Piracy, Edward Choi
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility: Korea's Role In The War Against Online Piracy, Edward Choi
San Diego International Law Journal
South Korea is one of the most Internet-savvy countries in the world, with more than 34 million Koreans over the age of six—74.8% of the total population—regularly accessing the Internet. According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), as of June 2007, South Korea has the fourth largest number of broadband subscribers at over 14.4 million, behind only Japan, Germany, and the United States, all of which have much higher populations. Studies show the time Koreans spend online is primarily for entertainment purposes, as almost 80% of Korean Internet users report online consumption of audio and video, almost …
Development Of Ukrainian Real Property And Mortgage Law: The American Perspective, Zhanna Bulkina
Development Of Ukrainian Real Property And Mortgage Law: The American Perspective, Zhanna Bulkina
San Diego International Law Journal
Modern Ukrainian commercial law started to develop following the break-up of the Soviet Union in August 1991 and the reemergence of Ukraine as an independent democratic state. As a result of the break-up, in 1991 the new state of Ukraine inherited the jurisprudence, institutions and government of the former Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. While Ukraine quickly shed its Soviet past by changing the communist names of streets and institutions, the transition was not as easy when it came to substantive changes in Ukrainian jurisprudence and legal thinking. Ukraine needed to develop its own system of law to establish an open …
Foreword, Christina Clemm
Foreword, Christina Clemm
San Diego International Law Journal
The authors of Volume 9: Issue 2 of the San Diego International Law Journal discuss a myriad of issues, tackling emerging and pressing problems in international law. Three articles discuss different aspects of international investment in real estate. The others discuss remedies for victims under international and national law; the limits imposed on rule against double jeopardy in the United States, United Kingdom, and potentially other countries; and the possibility of defamation liability of Internet and global publishers in foreign courts.
Retrying The Acquitted In England Part Ii: The Exception To The Rule Against Double Jeopardy For Tainted Acquittals, David S. Rudstein
Retrying The Acquitted In England Part Ii: The Exception To The Rule Against Double Jeopardy For Tainted Acquittals, David S. Rudstein
San Diego International Law Journal
Parliament enacted a statute in 1996 intended to limit the double jeopardy bar in some situations in which the defendant obtained an acquittal through improper means, thereby permitting the government to retry the person for the same offense of which he previously was tried and acquitted. The statute, part of the Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996, allows a retrial when an individual's acquittal was tainted, which, under the statute, means an acquittal resulting from interference with, or intimidation of, a juror, witness, or potential witness. In allowing a retrial in such circumstances, the statute creates an exception to the …
Acquisition Of Real Estate In Mexico By U.S. Citizens And American Companies, Jorge A. Vargas
Acquisition Of Real Estate In Mexico By U.S. Citizens And American Companies, Jorge A. Vargas
San Diego International Law Journal
Buying real estate in Mexico, or enjoying the beneficiary rights through a real estate trust, known in Mexico as fideicomiso, involves a considerable amount of money and effort. One must take into account that this legal transaction is executed in Mexico in accordance with Mexican law-a foreign legal system belonging to the civil legal tradition, contrasted by the U.S. legal system derivative of the common law tradition-and recognize that Americans and U.S. legal entities are typically quite unfamiliar with Mexican law. This Article provides a complete overview of the process of acquiring real estate in Mexico by Americans and U.S. …
Victims And Promise Of Remedies: International Law Fairytale Gone Bad, Sanja Djajic
Victims And Promise Of Remedies: International Law Fairytale Gone Bad, Sanja Djajic
San Diego International Law Journal
The aim of this Article is to examine such developments and the current availability of remedies for human rights violations in general. The Author will also examine the appropriateness of such remedies and opportunities to pursue them. The Article starts by identifying remedies in international law. This is followed by a case study and analysis of attempts by several national judiciaries to grapple with remedies prescribed by international law, against the background of international and national remedies. In the course of examining the reasons for an inadequate remedial structure, the Article will focus on several national cases. They will illustrate …
The Proliferation Of Global Reits And The Cross-Borderization Of The Asian Market, Julius L. Sokol
The Proliferation Of Global Reits And The Cross-Borderization Of The Asian Market, Julius L. Sokol
San Diego International Law Journal
After a brief discussion on the history of REITs, this Article goes on to analyze their importance and role within the global and Asian economy. Next, the underlying motivations for legal amendments to the REIT structures are discussed, as well as the socio-economic benefits associated with coordinating liberal REIT legislation throughout Asia. Subsequently, this article analyzes the various regulatory aspects of the regimes in Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, Thailand and Malaysia. In exploring their shortcomings, comparisons are made to the highly successful United States REIT structure. Given the history of our nation's regime, it goes without saying that …
Confronting The Limits Of The First Amendment: A Proactive Approach For Media Defendants Facing Liability Abroad, Michelle A. Wyant
Confronting The Limits Of The First Amendment: A Proactive Approach For Media Defendants Facing Liability Abroad, Michelle A. Wyant
San Diego International Law Journal
This Article confronts the limits this issue imposes on the First Amendment in four parts. Part I described the potential for conflicting defamation laws and forum shopping to undermine the American media's speech protections in the context of the Internet and global publications and outlines the Article's overall method of analysis. Part II first orients these conflicting defamation laws with respect to their development from the common law. It then frames them in terms of the underlying structural and policy differences that have produced their substantive divergence. This frame provides the analytical perspective through which this Article examines the varying …
Title Insurance In Mexico: A Necessary Protection, Duplicative Expense, Or Something In Between, Christina Clemm
Title Insurance In Mexico: A Necessary Protection, Duplicative Expense, Or Something In Between, Christina Clemm
San Diego International Law Journal
This Comment is written for those interested in buying property in Mexico and for the professionals who advise them. It begins by analyzing whether title insurance companies provide a necessary service for those purchasing property in Mexico. This section of the Comment addresses issues related to the protections afforded by Mexican law and whether title insurance is duplicative in light of those protections. It also discusses another option for a buyer, obtaining an opinion from a Mexican attorney. It goes on to analyze whether having a title insurance company maneuver the Mexican courts is a justification for its purchase. It …
Foreword, Christina Clemm
Foreword, Christina Clemm
San Diego International Law Journal
Regulation of global networks, human rights concerns, the effect of violence on children, and the regulatory authority of bodies like the WTO are also issues that no country can ignore. These topics in particular are highlighted in the 9th volume of the San Diego International Law Journal. However, like the subprime mortgage crisis, they are but a few of the important international issues facing the world.
Public International Law And The Wto: A Reckoning Of Legal Positivism And Neoliberalism, S. G. Sreejith
Public International Law And The Wto: A Reckoning Of Legal Positivism And Neoliberalism, S. G. Sreejith
San Diego International Law Journal
This Article proceeds in five parts. In part one, I review the scholarly skepticism as to how far international law is law in the "hard" sense and show that this skepticism has always permeated the discipline. In part two, I go on to examine what has prompted contemporary scholarship to credit the WTO with helping international law grow out of the "thin" normativity often attributed to it. The analysis suggests that certain features of legal positivism customarily associated with law in its strict sense, which were alleged to be lacking in international law, are found in the institutional apparatus of …
Japanese Prefectural Scapegoats In The Constitutional Landscape: Protecting Children From Violent Video Games In The Name Of Public Welfare, Susan Minamizono
Japanese Prefectural Scapegoats In The Constitutional Landscape: Protecting Children From Violent Video Games In The Name Of Public Welfare, Susan Minamizono
San Diego International Law Journal
Part I of this comment will examine the history and application of freedom of expression in Japanese case law and the evolution of the public welfare concept and its circumscribing effect on individual freedoms. Part II will explore the recent local regulatory efforts and the historical underpinnings for these laws that place restrictions on materials to children. Part III will compare the Japanese legislative endeavors with their American counterparts and highlight the reasons why United States laws will continue to be struck down by courts. Part IV will analyze the response of the video game industry to the onslaught of …
Seeking The Final Court Of Justice: The European Court Of Human Rights And Accountability For State Violence In Northern Ireland, Christopher K. Connolly
Seeking The Final Court Of Justice: The European Court Of Human Rights And Accountability For State Violence In Northern Ireland, Christopher K. Connolly
San Diego International Law Journal
This article examines the impact of the European Court's right to life jurisprudence on the issue of accountability for state violence in Northern Ireland. To date, the initiatives undertaken by the United Kingdom to comply with the European Court's rulings are largely unsatisfactory. Piecemeal institutional reforms aimed at preventing future breaches of Article 2 have failed to fully address the underlying concerns identified by the Court, and domestic right to life jurisprudence has placed significant limitations on the extent to which past violations of the right to life can be dealt with effectively in British courts. The United Kingdom's response …
Net Neutrality: An International Policy For The United States, Frederick W. Pfister
Net Neutrality: An International Policy For The United States, Frederick W. Pfister
San Diego International Law Journal
Consider this scenario: Alex and John still are avid video game players and play hours a day, each connecting from the same town through different ISPs. However, since it is a peak Internet traffic time, it may be difficult for them to play. While Alex has the "Diamond" package from his ISP that ensures he has guaranteed high-bandwidth connection, John's ISP does not offer anything other than regular residential service. John must compete with everyone else in his local area for bandwidth, including a few who constantly watch high-definition video-on-demand and subsequently constrain bandwidth for other users. Would it not …
Foreword, Shanish M. Aloor
Foreword, Shanish M. Aloor
San Diego International Law Journal
The impact of international law has reached past foreign policy and has now extended into every part of U.S. government. Our last issue emphasized the increasing importance of globalization on domestic issues such as national elections. In the past decade, international laws have had a practical effect upon the interpretation of United States domestic law. Influential jurists such as former Justice Sandra Day O'Connor have expressed "that with time [the judiciary] will rely increasingly on international and foreign law in resolving what now appear to be domestic issues, as we both appreciate more fully the ways in which domestic issues …
Can International Law Survive The 21st Century - Yes: With Patience, Persistence, And A Peek At The Past, Dana Zartner Falstrom
Can International Law Survive The 21st Century - Yes: With Patience, Persistence, And A Peek At The Past, Dana Zartner Falstrom
San Diego International Law Journal
With the end of the Cold War-the principal international political framework that shaped the international system since the end of WWII-an increasing number of global tensions have arisen which have brought to the fore questions about the ability of existing international law to provide a guiding framework for state behavior. Debates over the limits of state sovereignty, the appropriateness of humanitarian intervention, the justness of pre-emptive war, the definition of self-defense, the legality of replacing a government in the interests of your ideals, and how to deal with terrorism have dominated discussions around the world. Moreover, these discussions have caused …
The Antinomies Of The (Continued) Relevance Of Icsid To The Third World, Ibironke T. Odumosu
The Antinomies Of The (Continued) Relevance Of Icsid To The Third World, Ibironke T. Odumosu
San Diego International Law Journal
The international law on foreign investment is commonly accepted as one of the most controversial areas of international law. Not only does international investment law lack clear rules on investment promotion and protection, this area of the law has always generated opposing rules, and implicates divergent interests in the process. In the face of unclear rules, and against the backdrop of the need to protect foreign investment through the internationalization of investment dispute settlement, and the position that this will facilitate investment flows to Third World states, the World Bank established the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes …
The United States Federal Judiciary May Not Be A Third, Co-Equal Branch Of Government - What Are The Implications For The Irish Debate On Judicial Activism, Lawrence Donnelly
The United States Federal Judiciary May Not Be A Third, Co-Equal Branch Of Government - What Are The Implications For The Irish Debate On Judicial Activism, Lawrence Donnelly
San Diego International Law Journal
In support of this argument, this essay first examines the language of Article III of the United States Constitution and then briefly reviews the origins of the widely held perception that the federal judiciary is a "co-equal" branch of government. It next considers Borkian constitutionalism, opining that if one is to read the Constitution as Bork urges, this essay's tentative proposition can't be far off the mark. The focus then shifts to the express language of the Irish Constitution, which accords a far greater responsibility to the judiciary than its American counterpart. In this context, it reviews some pronouncements in …
Retrying The Acquitted In England, Part I: The Exception To The Rule Against Double Jeopardy For New And Compelling Evidence, David S. Rudstein
Retrying The Acquitted In England, Part I: The Exception To The Rule Against Double Jeopardy For New And Compelling Evidence, David S. Rudstein
San Diego International Law Journal
More than 240 years ago, Sir William Blackstone, perhaps the most important commentator on the English common law, wrote that when a man is once fairly found not guilty upon any indictment, or other prosecution, before any court having competent jurisdiction of the offence, he may plead such acquittal in bar of any subsequent accusation for the same crime. This plea of autrefois acquit (a former acquittal), Blackstone explained, is based upon the principle that no man is to be brought into jeopardy of his life, more than once for the same offence, which he called a universal maxim of …
Mexican Law And Personal Injury Cases: An Increasingly Prominent Area For U.S. Legal Practitioners And Judges, Jorge A. Vargas
Mexican Law And Personal Injury Cases: An Increasingly Prominent Area For U.S. Legal Practitioners And Judges, Jorge A. Vargas
San Diego International Law Journal
Since tort law cases are seldom filed in Mexico, and the number of judicial resolutions rendered by Mexican courts are few and relatively unimportant, is there a sufficient corpus of Mexican jurisprudence that may be tapped into by American judges to ascertain the rules of Mexican law that govern a case pending before an American trial judge or an appellate justice? Considering that American courts resolve a far larger number of personal injury cases governed by Mexican as compared to the nominal amount of cases decided in Mexico by Mexican courts, is there a risk that this rapidly growing number …
Here There Be Pirates: How China Is Meeting Its Ip Enforcement Obligations Under Trips, Kate Colpitts Hunter
Here There Be Pirates: How China Is Meeting Its Ip Enforcement Obligations Under Trips, Kate Colpitts Hunter
San Diego International Law Journal
This paper will examine whether China is meeting its obligations to protect IP rights under the TRIPS agreement, an international intellectual property trade agreement China acceded to upon joining the World Trade Organization (WTO). Moreover, it will address whether China's increased IP protection in law equals increased protection in fact. Part II will describe China's legal structure, its TRIPS obligations upon joining the WTO, and China's IP laws. Part III will discuss China's enforcement of these IP laws from the perspective of developed nations and from China's own perspective. Part IV includes suggestions on how China can improve its enforcement …
Regulatory Marketing Approval For Pharmaceuticals As A Non-Tariff Barrier To Trade: Analysis Under The Wto's Agreement On Technical Barriers To Trade, Mary Hess Eliason
Regulatory Marketing Approval For Pharmaceuticals As A Non-Tariff Barrier To Trade: Analysis Under The Wto's Agreement On Technical Barriers To Trade, Mary Hess Eliason
San Diego International Law Journal
At a fundamental level, pharmaceuticals serve two roles: both as a cure for disease and as a product. As a cure for disease, a drug's value cannot be quantified because it saves lives. As a product, profit analysis shapes every step of a drug's progression to market. In least developed nations the barriers to drug access are not solely economic. National regulatory systems for market approval are being used to prevent external pharmaceutical manufacturers from participating in a national market. This article will address how the regulatory framework of pharmaceutical registration may serve as a barrier to trade in drugs, …
International Private Rights Of Action: A Cost-Benefit Framework, Philip M. Moremen
International Private Rights Of Action: A Cost-Benefit Framework, Philip M. Moremen
San Diego International Law Journal
This Article seeks to chart a different course, by developing and applying an analytical cost-benefit framework, for assessing the costs and benefits of PRAs to enforce international law before an international forum. This framework is drawn from various literatures. For example, there is much to be learned about the potential benefits and costs of PRAs in the international setting from the rich literature comparing domestic PRAs with domestic regulation in the American context. More broadly, the article employs a comparative institutional approach, using a comparison between PRAs and regulatory enforcement mechanisms to shed light on their respective costs and benefits. …
Foreword, Shanish M. Aloor
Foreword, Shanish M. Aloor
San Diego International Law Journal
The articles appearing in Volume 8 of the San Diego International Law Journal seek to offer insight and understanding into the international community. The first two articles examine the complexities involved in litigating international causes of action. Philip Moreman assesses the use of private rights of action before an international forum to enforce international laws. The article compares private rights of action with regulatory enforcement mechanisms to evaluate the respective costs and benefits. Yann-Huei Song examines the prospect of judicial intervention in fishery disputes involving fishing entities in Taiwan. The issue is complex because Taiwan is a not a member …
The International Tribunal For The Law Of The Sea And The Possibility Of Judicial Settlement Of Disputes Involving The Fishing Entity Of Taiwan - Taking Ccsbt As An Example, Yann-Huei Song
San Diego International Law Journal
The main purpose of this paper is to assess the possibility of judicial settlement of fishery disputes involving the fishing entity of Taiwan and examine the legal questions regarding jurisdiction over the disputes. This analysis is based on the articles related to dispute settlement that are provided in the SBT Convention, the ITLOS Statute and the international law of the sea and the judicial practice of the ITLOS and other relevant arbitration courts in the Southern Bluefin Tuna case. Following this introductory section, Section II describes the establishment of the CCSBT and the selection and application of the methods of …
Linking Global Warming To Inuit Human Rights, Marguerite E. Middaugh
Linking Global Warming To Inuit Human Rights, Marguerite E. Middaugh
San Diego International Law Journal
Under international law, the United States government has violated the Inuit's human rights by failing to take action against climate change. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights should find that the allegations of human rights violations by the Inuit are justified and rule in their favor. This Article first explores the impacts of climate change on the Inuit and each of the Inuit's basic human rights, which are implicated by the environmental changes. Next, the role and responsibility of the U.S. with respect to climate change is examined. This section discusses the current attitude and actions of the U.S. government, …
Richard Posner Meets Reb Chaim Of Brisk: A Comparative Study In The Founding Of Intellectual Legal Movements, Samuel J. Levine
Richard Posner Meets Reb Chaim Of Brisk: A Comparative Study In The Founding Of Intellectual Legal Movements, Samuel J. Levine
San Diego International Law Journal
This Essay aims to examine some of the common elements of law and economics and the Brisker method that have contributed to their success as intellectual movements. Toward that end, the Essay compares the founding principles of these movements, exploring similarities in their essential characteristics. Part I presents and analyzes representative examples of the conceptual approach underlying each of these methods. Drawing on these and other examples of each method, Part II observes that the success of the methods stems in part from their common reliance on historical antecedents as well as their emphasis on conceptual frameworks broadly applicable within …
U.S. Asylum Law Out Of Sync With International Obligations: Real Id Act, Victor P. White
U.S. Asylum Law Out Of Sync With International Obligations: Real Id Act, Victor P. White
San Diego International Law Journal
Focusing on defensive asylum applications, this Comment examines whether certain provisions of REAL ID violate due process and international obligations to asylum seekers. Part I situates REAL ID within the historical context of nearly a decade of restrictive U.S. immigration law and over two decades of Executive Orders aimed at deterring a mass exodus of asylum seekers from reaching U.S. shores. Part II provides an overview of the U.S. asylum system and argues that the system produces inconsistent and sometimes arbitrary results, indicating that segments of the system do not satisfy international obligations. Part III outlines three provisions of REAL …
Bollywood Is Coming! Copyright And Film Industry Issues Regarding International Film Co-Productions Involving India, Timm Neu
San Diego International Law Journal
These developments and mutual correlating interests underscore the rising trend in the number of international co-productions and cinematographic co-operations with India. Still, the practice of movie making in India differs in many ways from industry structures in the U.S. or Germany, which shall be analyzed as potential co-production partners. Contractual relations, industry regulations, involved parties, and the legal rules are so distinct, that a comparative view from a producer's perspective shall bring into light the frameworks and copyright issues of international film co-productions involving India.