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Articles 2311 - 2340 of 2496

Full-Text Articles in International Humanitarian Law

International Human Rights Standards On Sexual Violence Against Women As They Apply To Pornography, Claudia Giunta Jan 1997

International Human Rights Standards On Sexual Violence Against Women As They Apply To Pornography, Claudia Giunta

LLM Theses and Essays

The United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women was held in Beijing in September 1995, and represented an important step towards the achievement of equality for women. At the Conference, the progress made towards equality was acknowledged, but it was also acknowledged that many goals have not been achieved yet, and that cultural changes of fundamental importance remain to be made. Indeed, in many countries the cultural approach to violence and discrimination against women is quite fatalistic; they believe violence against women cannot be solved by laws. However, this approach overlooks the role played by societies in tolerating practices of …

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Russia And The Legality Of Strasbourg Law, Mark Weston Janis Jan 1997

Russia And The Legality Of Strasbourg Law, Mark Weston Janis

Faculty Articles and Papers

The aim of this essay is to comment on Russia's accession to the Council of Europe and its probable accession to the European Convention on Human Rights from the perspective of the legal theory concerning the nature of obligation in international law and the law-like character of international law. The facts of Russia's accession test a philosophical argument that has been made elsewhere about the nature, efficacy and 'legality' of the legal system of the European Human Rights Convention. An important premise therein is that 'sometimes a happy (or unhappy) confluence of political decisions, social attitudes, and individual actors and …

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Provisional Relief In Transnational Litigation, George A. Bermann Jan 1997

Provisional Relief In Transnational Litigation, George A. Bermann

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, Professor Bermann identifies and analyzes the principal problems raised by the rapidly growing phenomenon of transnational provisional relief National courts are facing serious challenges in organizing such interventions, but as yet lack a sufficiently comprehensive framework of analysis. The author begins with the clarifying distinction that provisional relief may be transnational either because of its significant effects abroad or because it lends support to protective measures ordered by foreign courts, and draws on the experiences of U.S. and foreign courts in determining the costs of both granting and withholding provisional relief He concludes that, despite the very …

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Making International Refugee Law Relevant Again: A Proposal For Collectivized And Solution-Oriented Protection, James C. Hathaway, R. Alexander Neve Jan 1997

Making International Refugee Law Relevant Again: A Proposal For Collectivized And Solution-Oriented Protection, James C. Hathaway, R. Alexander Neve

Articles

International refugee law is in crisis. Even as armed conflict and human rights abuse continue to force individuals and groups to flee their home countries, many governments are withdrawing from the legal duty to provide refugees with the protection they require. While governments proclaim a willingness to assist refugees as a matter of political discretion or humanitarian goodwill, they appear committed to a pattern of defensive strategies designed to avoid international legal responsibility toward involuntary migrants. Some see this shift away from a legal paradigm of refugee protection as a source for enhanced operational flexibility in the face of changed …

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Using International Human Rights Law And Machinery In Defending Borderless Crime Cases, Richard J. Wilson Jan 1997

Using International Human Rights Law And Machinery In Defending Borderless Crime Cases, Richard J. Wilson

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This Essay focuses on four areas of international human rights law. The first area, the protection of attorneys’ fees from forfeiture, is an issue of great concern in the United States, given the state of the law there. The next area, the application of the death penalty in international law, will also include arguments about the “death row phenomenon.” The third area addressed is the use of international human rights law to overcome the rule of non-inquiry in extradition matters, a rule by which the judicial authority reviewing the propriety of extradition is barred from inquiry into the fairness of …

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The Issue Of The Legal Validity Of Using Economic Sanctions To Enforce Human Rights, Thomas Hailu Jan 1997

The Issue Of The Legal Validity Of Using Economic Sanctions To Enforce Human Rights, Thomas Hailu

LLM Theses and Essays

The international legal regime as it pertains to human rights is neither as established nor as definitive as it appears. It suffers from many disadvantages, the first and most important of which is the fact that the international legal regime has never been capable of effectively enforcing its rules or instituting appropriate remedies for its breaches. Some states have attempted to make up for this inability on behalf of international law by undertaking an enforcement mechanism either unilaterally or multilaterally; economic sanctions are often regarded as valuable tools of enforcement to be used against countries which are allegedly engaged in …

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What Price Peace: From Nuremberg To Bosnia To The Nobel Peace Prize, Malvina Halberstam Jan 1997

What Price Peace: From Nuremberg To Bosnia To The Nobel Peace Prize, Malvina Halberstam

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Accountability For Past Abuses, Juan E. Mendez Jan 1997

Accountability For Past Abuses, Juan E. Mendez

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

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Book Review, S. James Anaya Jan 1997

Book Review, S. James Anaya

Publications

No abstract provided.

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Beyond Bosnia And In Re Kasinga: A Feminist Perspective On Recent Developments In Protecting Women From Sexual Violence, Linda A. Malone Oct 1996

Beyond Bosnia And In Re Kasinga: A Feminist Perspective On Recent Developments In Protecting Women From Sexual Violence, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Conundrums Of Armed Conflict: Criminal Defenses To Violations Of The Humanitarian Law Of War, Matthew Lippman Sep 1996

Conundrums Of Armed Conflict: Criminal Defenses To Violations Of The Humanitarian Law Of War, Matthew Lippman

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

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Foreign Investment Issues For International Non-Governmental Organizations: International Health Projects In China And The Former Soviet Union, Timothy C. Evered Jul 1996

Foreign Investment Issues For International Non-Governmental Organizations: International Health Projects In China And The Former Soviet Union, Timothy C. Evered

Buffalo Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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State Responsibity And Civil Reparation For Environmental Damage, Leslie C. Green Jun 1996

State Responsibity And Civil Reparation For Environmental Damage, Leslie C. Green

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

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Environmental Issues In International Armed Conflict: The Experience Of The 1991 Gulf War, Adam Roberts Jun 1996

Environmental Issues In International Armed Conflict: The Experience Of The 1991 Gulf War, Adam Roberts

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

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The Environmental Threat Of Military Operations, William M. Arkin Jun 1996

The Environmental Threat Of Military Operations, William M. Arkin

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

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The Army And The Environment: Environmental Considerations During Army Operations, Joseph G. Garrett Iii Jun 1996

The Army And The Environment: Environmental Considerations During Army Operations, Joseph G. Garrett Iii

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

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International Environmental Law Considerations During Miltary Operations Other Than War, Bruce A. Harlow, Michael E. Mcgregor Jun 1996

International Environmental Law Considerations During Miltary Operations Other Than War, Bruce A. Harlow, Michael E. Mcgregor

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

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Collective Humanitarian Intervention, Fernando R. Tesón Jan 1996

Collective Humanitarian Intervention, Fernando R. Tesón

Scholarly Publications

Until very recently, those who favored the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention were regarded either as hopeless idealists, or worse still, as trigger-happy "moral imperialists." Yet, the doctrine of humanitarian intervention has experienced a dramatic revival with the end of the Cold War. The realignment of global political forces and the awareness of the crucial link between human rights and peace have produced a significant change of opinion among governments and writers on the subject. While opinion is still sharply divided on the issue of unilateral humanitarian intervention, most international actors and observers are rallying behind the idea that the United …

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Refugee Act Of 1980: An Empty Promise To Exploited Children, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 995 (1996), Jill C. Stroguiludis Jan 1996

Refugee Act Of 1980: An Empty Promise To Exploited Children, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 995 (1996), Jill C. Stroguiludis

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Gaps In Gender-Based Violence Jurisprudence Of International And Hybrid Criminal Courts: Can Human Rights Law Help, Susana Sacouto Jan 1996

Gaps In Gender-Based Violence Jurisprudence Of International And Hybrid Criminal Courts: Can Human Rights Law Help, Susana Sacouto

Contributions to Books

Great progress has been made over the last two decades in the investigation and prosecution of sexual and gender-based violence, in particular by the ad-hoc International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and Rwanda (ICTR). Yet the practice and jurisprudence of these tribunals makes clear that significant challenges remain, including inconsistency in how to understand – and therefore how to prove and adequately link to higher level perpetrators – crimes of sexual violence committed in the context of conflict, mass violence or repression. This chapter examines these challenges and explores whether human rights law, particularly the requirement that access …

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The World Bank, The Imf, And Human Rights, Daniel D. Bradlow Jan 1996

The World Bank, The Imf, And Human Rights, Daniel D. Bradlow

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This paper explores the type of human rights obligations of the World Bank and the IMF. It argues that their human rights obligations can be divided into two sets of issues. First is operational issues, which relate to both the promotion and protection of human rights. Second is institutional issues, which deal with the internal rules and procedures of the World Bank and the IMF. The paper concludes that these organizations need to develop a coherent and explicit human rights policy.

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Peace-Building, John Linarelli Jan 1996

Peace-Building, John Linarelli

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

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Rediscovering Francis Lieber: An Afterword And Introduction, Michael E. Herz Apr 1995

Rediscovering Francis Lieber: An Afterword And Introduction, Michael E. Herz

Cardozo Law Review

In our media age, more and more people are famous just for being famous, rather than for any particular achievement, notorious or otherwise. We spend a good deal of time transfixed by "celebrities" known for no obvious qualities other than fame itself. Francis Lieber, once this country's most respected law professor, of whom it was written in 1873 that "his fame will be secure in the lap of history," presents the opposite case: he is forgotten despite great accomplishment. At best, one might say he is famous for being forgotten. His name comes up, but almost every modem reference to …

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No Justice, No Peace: Accountability For Rape And Gender-Based Violence In The Former Yugoslavia, Diane Orentlicher Jan 1995

No Justice, No Peace: Accountability For Rape And Gender-Based Violence In The Former Yugoslavia, Diane Orentlicher

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

The Women in the Law Project of the International Human Rights Law Group (Law Group) sponsored a delegation to the former Yugoslavia from February 14 to 22, 1993. The delegation, which was also endorsed by the Bar Association of San Francisco, had two principal objectives. First, the delegation provided training in human rights fact-finding methodology to local organizations documenting rape and other violations of international law committed in the context of the armed conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina (Bosnia) and in Croatia. This part of the delegation's activities, undertaken in consultation with the United Nations Commission of Experts,' sought to enhance the …

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Transcript (Symposium: Nazis In The Courtroom: Lessons From The Conduct Of Lawyers And Judges Under The Laws Of The Third Reich And Vichy, France)., Ruti G. Teitel Jan 1995

Transcript (Symposium: Nazis In The Courtroom: Lessons From The Conduct Of Lawyers And Judges Under The Laws Of The Third Reich And Vichy, France)., Ruti G. Teitel

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

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The European Bank For Reconstruction And Development And The Post-Cold War Era, John Linarelli Jan 1995

The European Bank For Reconstruction And Development And The Post-Cold War Era, John Linarelli

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

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Intervention In The Yugoslav Civil War: The United Nations' Right To Create An International Criminal Tribunal, Barbara M. Tocker May 1994

Intervention In The Yugoslav Civil War: The United Nations' Right To Create An International Criminal Tribunal, Barbara M. Tocker

Penn State International Law Review (1982 - 2011)

No abstract provided.

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A Memorial For Bosnia: Framework Of Legal Arguments Concerning The Lawfulness Of The Maintenance Of The United Nations Security Council's Arms Embargo On Bosnia And Herzegovina, Craig Scott, Abid Qureshi, Jasminka Kalajdzic, Francis Chang, Paul Michell, Peter Copeland Jan 1994

A Memorial For Bosnia: Framework Of Legal Arguments Concerning The Lawfulness Of The Maintenance Of The United Nations Security Council's Arms Embargo On Bosnia And Herzegovina, Craig Scott, Abid Qureshi, Jasminka Kalajdzic, Francis Chang, Paul Michell, Peter Copeland

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Memorial seeks to present a framework of legal arguments with respect to the validity and legal effects of an arms embargo imposed by United Nations Security Council Resolution 713 in September 1991 on the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Yugoslavia), before its dissolution, and since treated as being in force with respect to the new states that have succeeded Yugoslavia. More particularly, the Memorial addresses the legality of maintaining (or, at least, having maintained during the crucial time period) the arms embargo in force, either de jure or de facto, against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnia) …

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Book Review: Aids In The World, 16 Hous. J. Int'l L. 709 (1994), Mark E. Wojcik Jan 1994

Book Review: Aids In The World, 16 Hous. J. Int'l L. 709 (1994), Mark E. Wojcik

UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Command Responsibility In The Former Yugoslavia: The Chances For Successful Prosecution, Christopher N. Crowe Jan 1994

Command Responsibility In The Former Yugoslavia: The Chances For Successful Prosecution, Christopher N. Crowe

University of Richmond Law Review

On 22 February 1993, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 808 calling for the establishment of an international tribunal for the prosecution of persons responsible for "serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of former Yugoslavia." The resolution also asked the Secretary-General to submit to the Security Council for consideration a report on aspects of the tribunal considering "suggestions put forward in this regard by Member states." In May, Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali issued his report and proposed the Statute of the International Tribunal ("Statute"), designed to govern the tribunals establishment and operation.

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