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Articles 151 - 180 of 180
Full-Text Articles in Intellectual Property Law
An Examination Of Patents, Licensing, Research Tools, And The Tragedy Of The Anticommons In Biotechnology Innovation, Michael S. Mireles
An Examination Of Patents, Licensing, Research Tools, And The Tragedy Of The Anticommons In Biotechnology Innovation, Michael S. Mireles
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The continued development of and affordable access to potentially life saving pharmaceuticals, gene therapies and diagnostics is unquestionably a socially important issue. However, crafting government policy to encourage the development of and allowing affordable access to those services and products is difficult. On one hand, the development of those services and products requires a large investment of funds because of the complexity, collaborative nature, and uncertainty of the development of those products and services. Accordingly, investors require the safety of strong and stable patent rights to ensure a return on their investment in the development of a commercial end-product or …
Virtual Property: The Challenges Of Regulating Intangible, Exclusionary Property Interests Such As Domain Names, David Nelmark
Virtual Property: The Challenges Of Regulating Intangible, Exclusionary Property Interests Such As Domain Names, David Nelmark
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
No abstract provided.
How The Established Business Relationship Exemption To The National Do-Not-Call Registry Forces Consumers To Pay For Unwanted Sales Calls, Shannon D. Torgerson
How The Established Business Relationship Exemption To The National Do-Not-Call Registry Forces Consumers To Pay For Unwanted Sales Calls, Shannon D. Torgerson
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
No abstract provided.
Revisiting Standard-Setting Organizations' Patent Policies, Kraig A. Jakobsen
Revisiting Standard-Setting Organizations' Patent Policies, Kraig A. Jakobsen
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
No abstract provided.
New Strategies For Owners Of Discontinued Brands, David S. Ruder
New Strategies For Owners Of Discontinued Brands, David S. Ruder
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Intellectual Property Rights In Negotiating And Planning A Research Joint Venture, Kurt M. Saunders
The Role Of Intellectual Property Rights In Negotiating And Planning A Research Joint Venture, Kurt M. Saunders
Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review
This Article considers the role of intellectual property rights in research joint ventures. Professor Saunders begins by outlining the various advantages of pursuing research in a joint venture business form, including the sharing of expertise and investment costs. The author identifies and elucidates the intellectual property issues, as well as related licensing and antitrust implications, that arise in the joint venture context. Most notably, Saunders articulates the different intellectual property concerns that surface at each separate stage-from negotiation and planning, to termination of the collaboration.
The Community Design: European Union-Wide Protection For Your Design Portfolio, Christopher M. Aide
The Community Design: European Union-Wide Protection For Your Design Portfolio, Christopher M. Aide
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
No abstract provided.
A Profile Of Dolby Laboratories: An Effective Model For Leveraging Intellectual Property, Pamela Hawkins Williams, Dotcy Isom Iii, Tiffini D. Smith-Peaches
A Profile Of Dolby Laboratories: An Effective Model For Leveraging Intellectual Property, Pamela Hawkins Williams, Dotcy Isom Iii, Tiffini D. Smith-Peaches
Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
No abstract provided.
Begged, Borrowed Or Stolen: Whose Art Is It, Anyway - An Alternative Solution Of Fine Art Licensing, Judith Bresler
Begged, Borrowed Or Stolen: Whose Art Is It, Anyway - An Alternative Solution Of Fine Art Licensing, Judith Bresler
Articles & Chapters
Part II
Bayh-Dole Reform And The Progress Of Biomedicine, Arti K. Rai, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Bayh-Dole Reform And The Progress Of Biomedicine, Arti K. Rai, Rebecca S. Eisenberg
Articles
Allowing universities to patent the results of government-sponsored research sometimes works against the public interest.
Hold-Up And Patent Licensing Of Cumulative Innovations With Private Information, James Bessen
Hold-Up And Patent Licensing Of Cumulative Innovations With Private Information, James Bessen
Faculty Scholarship
When innovation is cumulative, early patentees hold claims against later innovators. Then potential hold-up may cause prospective second stage innovators to forego investing in R&D. It is sometimes argued that ex ante licensing (before R&D) avoids hold-up. This paper explores ex ante licensing when information about development cost is private. In this case, contracts may not be written ex ante. Moreover, the socially optimal division of profit occurs with weak patents and ex post licensing. Empirical evidence on licensing conforms to a model with private information. In some innovative industries, little ex ante licensing occurs, suggesting hold-up remains a problem.
The Rise And Fall Of Fences: The Overbroad Protection Of The Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act , Jonathan M. Ward
The Rise And Fall Of Fences: The Overbroad Protection Of The Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act , Jonathan M. Ward
Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review
Jonathan Ward discusses viability of two means for resolution of disputes related to cybersquatting. Cybersquatting occurs when a party registers a domain name that contains someone else's trademark and then attempts to profit by selling or licensing the name to that party. Cybersquatting tends to be classified as direct cybersquatting and typosquatting, and actions involving domain name conflicts fall in four categories: 1) trademark infringement, 2) confusion of source, 3) dilution of a famous mark, and 4) bad faith registration. Recognizing the growing issue of cybersquatting, Congress passed the Anitcybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, which provided a litigious avenue …
Commentary On Economic And Ethical Reasons For Protecting Data, Wendy J. Gordon
Commentary On Economic And Ethical Reasons For Protecting Data, Wendy J. Gordon
Faculty Scholarship
Like Jane Ginsburg, I would like to drop back a bit, to talk about more general principles. Essentially, both of our primary speakers focused on a distinction between property and non-property modes of protecting data. I would like to highlight the economic and ethical reasons for maintaining that distinction.
The Paradoxes Of Free Software, Stephen M. Mcjohn
The Paradoxes Of Free Software, Stephen M. Mcjohn
Suffolk University Law School Faculty Works
This paper describes the legal structure of open source software and analyzes the likely issues to arise. A combination of copyright law and trademark law serves to permit the free distribution of open source software. The software is kept under copyright, but freely licensed under one of various open source licenses. The legal structure of open source is an elegant and robust use of intellectual property law that turns the customary use of intellectual property on its head, by using intellectual property laws, which normally are used to guard exclusive rights, to safeguard free access to and use of software. …
Patent Rights And Licensing, Michael S. Baram, Ashley Stevens, Thomas Meyers, Michael J. Meurer
Patent Rights And Licensing, Michael S. Baram, Ashley Stevens, Thomas Meyers, Michael J. Meurer
Faculty Scholarship
This panel will discuss intellectual property - the patent incentive, patentability issues, licensing, and litigation-related matters. It will be moderated by Dr. Ashley Stevens, the Director of the Office of Technology Transfer at Boston University. Ashley has multiple degrees, including a doctorate in physical chemistry from Oxford University. He has worked in the biotech industry for a number of years, mostly with startup companies and academic research organizations such as the Dana Farber Cancer Institute, where he was also Director of Technology Transfer. Ashley was instrumental in the startup and operations of firms such as Biotechnica International, and started his …
Promoting Innovation Competition Through The Aspen/Kodak Rule, Jonathan Baker
Promoting Innovation Competition Through The Aspen/Kodak Rule, Jonathan Baker
Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals
No abstract provided.
Product Differentiation Through Space And Time: Some Antitrust Policy Issues, Jonathan Baker
Product Differentiation Through Space And Time: Some Antitrust Policy Issues, Jonathan Baker
Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals
No abstract provided.
Is Turn About Fair Play? Copyright Law And The Fair Use Of Computer Software Loaded Into Ram, Chad G. Asarch
Is Turn About Fair Play? Copyright Law And The Fair Use Of Computer Software Loaded Into Ram, Chad G. Asarch
Michigan Law Review
Computer systems, especially those in heavy-use commercial settings, often require routine maintenance to continue functioning properly. Many businesses turn to an independent service organization ("IS0") to provide computer maintenance services because ISOs frequently charge less than the original equipment manufacturer ("OEM") for those services. The tremendous growth in computer use has spawned a multi-billion dollar computer maintenance industry in the United States, and ISOs and OEMs have become engaged in fierce competition for this computer service business. The struggle between ISOs and OEMs to capture this expanding market has spilled over into the courts, spawning a number of recent decisions …
The Economics Of Copyright, Robert G. Bone, Wendy J. Gordon
The Economics Of Copyright, Robert G. Bone, Wendy J. Gordon
Scholarship Chronologically
Copyright law protects works of creative expression. At its relatively uncontroversial core lie songs, plays, novels, paintings, and other works of aesthetic value. But copyright is not confined solely to aesthetic subject matter; in many countries, it extends to works of fact, such as biographies, maps, and telephone directories, and to works with practical value. For example, one of the most controversial issues in copyright law today is whether and how much copyright should protect computer programs.
Licensing On The Global Information Infrastructure: Disharmony In Cyberspace, Raymond T. Nimmer
Licensing On The Global Information Infrastructure: Disharmony In Cyberspace, Raymond T. Nimmer
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
This article explores some of the issues in international licensing and, particularly, in the evolution of information-based contracts.
Influences Affecting The Licensing Of Rights In A Unitary European Market, Ronald E. Myrick
Influences Affecting The Licensing Of Rights In A Unitary European Market, Ronald E. Myrick
Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Compulsory Patent Licensing In The United States: An Idea Whose Time Has Come, Cole M. Fauver
Compulsory Patent Licensing In The United States: An Idea Whose Time Has Come, Cole M. Fauver
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
This Comment will consider several of the more common grounds justifying compulsory licenses, particularly as they affect international transactions. After analyzing the dynamic between each theory's practical economic effect and general economic philosophy, the Comment will then question whether the current United States policy against general compulsory licenses remains viable in today's economic markets.
Blanket Licensing Of Music Performing Rights: Possible Solutions To The Copyright-Antitrust Conflict, Mary K. Kennedy
Blanket Licensing Of Music Performing Rights: Possible Solutions To The Copyright-Antitrust Conflict, Mary K. Kennedy
Vanderbilt Law Review
This Recent Development compares Buffalo Broadcasting with other blanket licensing decisions and predicts the reversal of Buffalo Broadcasting on appeal. Part II of this Recent Development discusses the organization and operation of the performing rights societies. Part III focuses on the pertinent antitrust principles and the history of antitrust litigation between the performing rights societies and various licensees. Part IV examines recent decisions addressing blanket licenses in which courts have used similar analyses yet reached differing results. Part V analyzes possible solutions to the conflict between antitrust and copyright laws in the blanket licensing context and concludes that resolution of …
The Transfer Of Technology To Latin America, Gabriel M. Wilner
The Transfer Of Technology To Latin America, Gabriel M. Wilner
Scholarly Works
The transfer of technology to Latin America has taken place through both the licensing process and direct investments by foreign enterprises that are often transnational corporations. National law has concerned itself first with the creation of rights in technological knowledge and the protection of these rights by law. The regulation of these rights as set out in contractual relationships and the regulation of direct investment, particularly the technological component thereof, were dealt with thereafter. Other matters such as the repatriation of profits (exchange control), customs controls, and various taxes have also become a part of the national regulatory scene today. …
International Patent Licensing Agreements And Conflict Of Laws, Giovanna Modiano
International Patent Licensing Agreements And Conflict Of Laws, Giovanna Modiano
Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business
The choice of law rules applicable to disputes involving patent li- censing agreements was a subject that attracted considerable interest among prominent legal scholars in the 1950's.' During the following decade the attention of European scholars concerned with patent li- censing shifted to more substantive issues.2 In recent years, however, an interest in choice of law problems relating to patent licensing agree- ments has been revived.
Total-Sales Royalties Under The Patent-Misuse Doctrine: A Critique Of Zenith, Michigan Law Review
Total-Sales Royalties Under The Patent-Misuse Doctrine: A Critique Of Zenith, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
This Note criticizes the Supreme Court's treatment of total-sales royalties. Part I outlines the scope of the patent-misuse doctrine, and Part II describes the development of the Zenith conditioning test. Part III analyzes that test; it suggests that the Zenith opinion is not internally consistent and that courts may not be able to apply the conditioning test satisfactorily. Finally, in response to Justice Harlan's dissenting opinion in Zenith, in which he notes the dearth of literature on the economic consequences of total-sales royalty provisions, 14 Part III undertakes an analysis of those consequences. The analysis demonstrates that total-sales royalty …
Abuse Of Trademarks: A Proposal For Ompulsory Licensing, Mara L. Babin
Abuse Of Trademarks: A Proposal For Ompulsory Licensing, Mara L. Babin
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This article neither deals with the propriety of the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) proposed order nor evaluates the effectiveness of compulsory trademark licensing as a remedy for unfair trade practices.8 Rather, the pending cereal industry case is used as a point of departure for an examination of the problem of trademark abuse and the responses of the courts, the Congress, and the FTC to it. Acknowledging the legality of compulsory licensing of trademarks, the article suggests legislation which will incorporate licensing and standards for its application. Such legislation would make licensing an accessible remedy for trademark abuse while accommodating both …
Licensing In The Eastern Bloc, Lajos Schmidt
Licensing In The Eastern Bloc, Lajos Schmidt
Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law
This article will discuss the legal problems faced by American enterprises desiring to license industrial property rights--principally patents, trademarks and know-how--in Eastern Europe. Licensing in seven countries--the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and Bulgaria--will be examined. Of course, these countries form separate and independent legal and political jurisdictions; and even their cultural backgrounds differ. Any generalization about them must be taken in that context. Nonetheless, each of these countries is governed by similar political and economic principles--in particular, the principle of centralized economic planning. These common factors are reflected in common problems faced …
Mandatory Package Licensing As Patent Misuse
Mandatory Package Licensing As Patent Misuse
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
Patents - Licensing - Legality Of Grant-Back Clauses, Eric E. Bergsten S.Ed.
Patents - Licensing - Legality Of Grant-Back Clauses, Eric E. Bergsten S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
There is no authoritative definition of the term "patent grant-back." It has been defined as a clause in a patent license which provides "for license or assignment to the licensor of any improvement patented by the licensee in the products or processes of the licensed patent." In litigated cases grant-back clauses usually appear either in basic patent licenses or in licenses of the products or processes of an industry which the licensor dominates through control of a multitude of overlapping patents.