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2011

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Articles 301 - 330 of 536

Full-Text Articles in Intellectual Property Law

Hot News: The Enduring Myth Of Property In News, Shyamkrishna Balganesh Jan 2011

Hot News: The Enduring Myth Of Property In News, Shyamkrishna Balganesh

Faculty Scholarship

The “hot news” doctrine refers to a cause of action for the misappropriation of time-sensitive factual information that state laws afford purveyors of news against free riding by a direct competitor. Entirely the offshoot of the Supreme Court’s decision in International News Service v. Associated Press, the doctrine enables an information gatherer to prevent a competitor from free riding on its efforts at collecting and distributing timely information. Over the last few years, newsgatherers of different kinds have begun using the doctrine with increased frequency, believing it to create and protect an ownership interest in news. This Article argues …

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Making Coasean Property More Coasean, Thomas W. Merrill, Henry E. Smith Jan 2011

Making Coasean Property More Coasean, Thomas W. Merrill, Henry E. Smith

Faculty Scholarship

In his pioneering work on transaction costs, Ronald Coase presupposed a picture of property as a bundle of government-prescribed use rights. Not only is this picture not essential to Coase’s purpose, but its limitations emerge when we apply Coase’s central insights to analyze the structure of property itself. This leads to the Coase corollary: in a world of zero transaction costs, the nature of property does not matter to allocative efficiency. However, as with the Coase theorem, the real implication is for our world of positive transaction costs: we need to subject the notion of property to a comparative institutional …

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On Nontraditional Trademarks, Kenneth L. Port Jan 2011

On Nontraditional Trademarks, Kenneth L. Port

Faculty Scholarship

This piece regards nontraditional trademarks like sound, color, scent or even the vertical opening motion of a Lamborghini car door. The protection of trademarks has, historically, walked a fine balance. Naturally, as a society, we want to protect trademarks so that transaction costs are lowered as purchasers make a quick and easy purchasing decision. You see Tide, you know Tide, you buy Tide. However, the protection of nontraditional trademarks upsets this fine balance. If we go too far in the protection we grant unwarranted monopolies to companies to stifle the precise competition the law was meant to encourage. Sometimes, we …

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Reconceiving The Patent Rocket Docket: An Empirical Study Of Infringement Litigation 1985–2010, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 58 (2011), Saurabh Vishnubhakat Jan 2011

Reconceiving The Patent Rocket Docket: An Empirical Study Of Infringement Litigation 1985–2010, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 58 (2011), Saurabh Vishnubhakat

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

This Article presents the first survival model for systematically identifying and comparing United States district courts as patent rocket dockets, and for examining related trends in patent litigation. The conventional wisdom of rocket docket status in a judicial district tends to rely on average case disposition times and the availability of court rules for patent cases, as well as anecdotal information about well-known jurists with experience in patent adjudication. By comparison, this Article approaches rocket dockets through a quantitative investigation of recent historical trends in patent case filings as well as through market concentration analysis at the district court and …

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Fifteen Years Of Fame: The Declining Relevance Of Domain Names In The Enduring Conflict Between Trademark And Free Speech Rights, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 1 (2011), Jude A. Thomas Jan 2011

Fifteen Years Of Fame: The Declining Relevance Of Domain Names In The Enduring Conflict Between Trademark And Free Speech Rights, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 1 (2011), Jude A. Thomas

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Domain name disputes have been the subject of substantial litigation, legislative action, and scholarly debate over the course of the past fifteen years. Much of the debate is the product of disagreement concerning whether trademark rights naturally extend into the domain name space and to what extent those rights are limited by principles of free speech. Gripe sites are paradigmatic examples of this debate. Society’s investment in defining these rights continues to grow, even as the relevance of domain names may be declining, due to: (1) changes in the way users locate content on the Internet; (2) the growth of …

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Golan V. Holder: Copyright In The Image Of The First Amendment, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 83 (2011), David L. Lange, Risa J. Weaver, Shiveh Roxana Reed Jan 2011

Golan V. Holder: Copyright In The Image Of The First Amendment, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 83 (2011), David L. Lange, Risa J. Weaver, Shiveh Roxana Reed

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Does copyright violate the First Amendment? Professor Melville Nimmer asked this question forty years ago, and then answered it by concluding that copyright itself is affirmatively speech protective. Despite ample reason to doubt Nimmer’s response, the Supreme Court has avoided an independent, thoughtful, plenary review of the question. Copyright has come to enjoy an all-but-categorical immunity to First Amendment constraints. Now, however, the Court faces a new challenge to its back-of-the-hand treatment of this vital conflict. In Golan v. Holder the Tenth Circuit considered legislation (enacted pursuant to the Berne Convention and TRIPS) “restoring” copyright protection to millions of foreign …

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Rights Versus Commerce: Balancing Online Trademark Policing With The Emerging Marketplace, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 217 (2011), Jessica L. Hilliard Jan 2011

Rights Versus Commerce: Balancing Online Trademark Policing With The Emerging Marketplace, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 217 (2011), Jessica L. Hilliard

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

In 2008, jeweler Tiffany & Co. (“Tiffany”) commenced an action against eBay after discovering that a significant amount of counterfeit Tiffany jewelry was being sold on the online auction house. Tiffany had previously used eBay’s Verified Rights Owner program to report the infringement and pursued enforcement actions against individual sellers. Nevertheless, Tiffany sued eBay for various causes of action, including contributory trademark infringement. The Second Circuit held that online service providers like eBay are not liable for contributory trademark infringement unless they have specific knowledge of particular instances of infringement. Due to the ruling, Tiffany bears the burden for policing …

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Trademarks, Identity, And Justice, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 133 (2011), Rita Heimes Jan 2011

Trademarks, Identity, And Justice, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 133 (2011), Rita Heimes

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Intellectual property scholars have written extensively against expanding the scope of intellectual property laws, using social justice and distributive justice principles to support their arguments. A typical argument attacks broad adoption and enforcement of copyright laws that prevent access to information and therefore knowledge, or broad patent protection that reduces access to medicines and other important technologies. In recent years, a few scholars have begun to suggest that certain areas of intellectual property law—primarily copyright—may play a positive role in social justice. These arguments are founded on views of social and distributive justice that consider personal empowerment and freedom to …

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The Need For Originality: Music Infringement In India, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 169 (2011), Harini Ganesh Jan 2011

The Need For Originality: Music Infringement In India, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 169 (2011), Harini Ganesh

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

For decades, the Indian film industry has copied tunes from Western copyrighted works and created unauthorized derivatives. As the music and motion picture industries in the United States started taking notice of this copyright infringement, so too did Indian music directors as domestic infringers profited from copying. Despite the existence of an enacted copyright statute in India, and the nation’s membership with various international intellectual property treaties and conventions, enforcement continues to be poor. This lack of protection allows high-profile music directors in the Indian film industry to get away with copyright infringement. This comment proposes that India must improve …

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Patent Law In The Antitrust Scope: Between Social Advancement And Competition Impingement, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 367 (2011), Yaniv Gal Jan 2011

Patent Law In The Antitrust Scope: Between Social Advancement And Competition Impingement, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 367 (2011), Yaniv Gal

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

In the past couple of decades, many scholars have debated the worthiness of the limited monopoly that patent law provides. The widespread attitude has always been, since the progress of the technological era, that in order to stimulate inventors and possessors of knowledge to embody their knowledge by innovative products, and produce ameliorations into society, they should be given strong proprietary rights over their innovative information and ideas. With the rise of the economic analysis of law, dissident opinions have been starting to emerge, evoking the social damage absorbed due to the current patent system monopoly character in form of …

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Paying It Forward: The Case For A Specific Statutory Limitation On Exclusive Rights For User-Generated Content Under Copyright Law, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 240 (2011), Warren B. Chik Jan 2011

Paying It Forward: The Case For A Specific Statutory Limitation On Exclusive Rights For User-Generated Content Under Copyright Law, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 240 (2011), Warren B. Chik

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

This article examines user-generated content (“UGC”) and the significance of re-inventions in the context of an increasingly user-centric internet environment and an information sharing society. It will explain the need to provide a statutory limitation in the form of an exception or exemption for socially beneficial UGC on the exclusive rights under copyright law. This will also have the effect of protecting the internet intermediary that hosts and shares UGC. Nascent but abortive attempts have been made by Canada to introduce just such a provision into her copyright legislation, while some principles and rules have also emerged from various interest …

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Honey Get My Gun, The Transgenic Seeds Are In The Field Again, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 439 (2011), Christian B. Miller Jan 2011

Honey Get My Gun, The Transgenic Seeds Are In The Field Again, 11 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 439 (2011), Christian B. Miller

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

The proliferation of genetically modified (“GM”) crops in the United States has dramatically increased in the past two decades. This increase has led to fears of dwindling biodiversity in this country’s staple crops. Consumer health and environmental advocates have attempted to slow the deregulation of such crops through administrative challenges. Such tactics were largely undermined in the 2010 Supreme Court case of Monsanto Co. v. Geertson. Anti-GM groups have subsequently attempted to invalidate patents for GM crops on moral grounds. This comment explores the futility of administrative and moral challenges to GM crop proliferation, and looks ahead to the proper …

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Foreword, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 278 (2011), Meredith Martin Addy Jan 2011

Foreword, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 278 (2011), Meredith Martin Addy

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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Comments On Paul R. Michel's Contributions To Justice, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 279 (2011), James F. Holderman Jan 2011

Comments On Paul R. Michel's Contributions To Justice, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 279 (2011), James F. Holderman

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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Paul Michel: A Patriot And A Mentor, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 282 (2011), Matthew J. Dowd Jan 2011

Paul Michel: A Patriot And A Mentor, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 282 (2011), Matthew J. Dowd

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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The Paul Michel You Never Knew, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 286 (2011), Lindsay Androski Kelly Jan 2011

The Paul Michel You Never Knew, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 286 (2011), Lindsay Androski Kelly

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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Clarifying The Doctrine Of Inequitable Conduct, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 290 (2011), Elizabeth I. Winston Jan 2011

Clarifying The Doctrine Of Inequitable Conduct, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 290 (2011), Elizabeth I. Winston

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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Chief Judge Michel's Current And Future Contributions To Improving U.S. Intellectual Property Rights, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 299 (2011), Herbert C. Wamsley Jan 2011

Chief Judge Michel's Current And Future Contributions To Improving U.S. Intellectual Property Rights, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 299 (2011), Herbert C. Wamsley

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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In His Own Words: The Career Of Chief Judge Paul Michel, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 301 (2011), Gene Quinn Jan 2011

In His Own Words: The Career Of Chief Judge Paul Michel, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 301 (2011), Gene Quinn

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

No abstract provided.

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Ip Legal Ethics In The Everyday Practice Of Law: An Empirical Perspective On Patent Litigators, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 309 (2011), William T. Gallagher Jan 2011

Ip Legal Ethics In The Everyday Practice Of Law: An Empirical Perspective On Patent Litigators, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 309 (2011), William T. Gallagher

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

This article presents preliminary findings from a qualitative empirical study of patent litigators. Part of a larger and ongoing project studying intellectual property lawyers in patent, trademark, and copyright enforcement and litigation actions, this article focuses on ethical decision-making by patent litigators in the pretrial discovery process. The article is based on data from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with fifty-five patent litigators and from a detailed case study of the infamous Qualcomm patent sanctions case. The article critically examines how patent litigators perceive of and respond to ethical issues that arise in the discovery process. It also analyzes the structural and …

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Ethical Issues In U.S. Trademark Prosecution And Ttab Practice, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 365 (2011), Linda K. Mcleod, Stephanie H. Bald Jan 2011

Ethical Issues In U.S. Trademark Prosecution And Ttab Practice, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 365 (2011), Linda K. Mcleod, Stephanie H. Bald

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

The conduct of practitioners and agents before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO” or “Office”) is subject to regulation by the Office under 35 U.S.C. § 2(b)(2)(D). This provision grants the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and the Director of the USPTO the authority to establish regulations to govern the conduct of agents, attorneys, or other representatives before the Office, including establishing disciplinary measures for non-compliance with those regulations. The USPTO regulations governing conduct include the Patent and Trademark Office Code of Professional Responsibility. This article summarizes the key canons and disciplinary rules applicable to trademark practitioners …

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International Arbitration Of Patent Disputes, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 384 (2011), Wei-Hua Wu Jan 2011

International Arbitration Of Patent Disputes, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 384 (2011), Wei-Hua Wu

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

This paper discusses the concept of using international arbitration as a method of resolving patent disputes. First, this paper examines the arbitrability of patent validity disputes from a public policy viewpoint. The question is whether, or to what extent, the subject matter of patent validity disputes may be settled by international commercial arbitration. Second, this paper provides suggestions on strategies for organizational decision-makers to consider whether it is proper to choose arbitration as a more favorable tool when confronted with a patent dispute. Finally, this paper discusses how to choose the seat of arbitral institution and the applicable law.

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Acceptable Fraud? How Falsities And Misstatements Can Escape The Scope Of The New Fraud Standard, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 410 (2011), Jacobi M. Fields Jan 2011

Acceptable Fraud? How Falsities And Misstatements Can Escape The Scope Of The New Fraud Standard, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 410 (2011), Jacobi M. Fields

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Accuracy is crucial to the trademark registration process. Registrants are required to submit truthful applications to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) or face fraud liability. Pursuant to the Lanham Act, fraud liability is initiated by the submission of “false or fraudulent” statements in a trademark application. This language presents a critical problem for registrants because the terms false and fraudulent are not synonymous, and it is unclear what actually triggers fraud liability. As a result, the requirements for fraud liability and the corresponding standards for fraud have been in fluctuation over the past ten years. In 2009, …

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Patent Office As Biosecurity Gatekeeper: Fostering Responsible Science And Building Public Trust In Diy Science, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 423 (2011), Brian J. Gorman Jan 2011

Patent Office As Biosecurity Gatekeeper: Fostering Responsible Science And Building Public Trust In Diy Science, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 423 (2011), Brian J. Gorman

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

When the fields of intellectual property law and biotechnology intersect, most analysis is driven byeconomic and ethical issues. This article examines these factors, but in relation to the emerging security threat posed by biohackers, or do-it-yourself (“DIY”) scientists, who operate free from oversight and industry norms at the fringes of the biotechnology community. Public health risks are poised to grow as these citizen-scientists race for lucrative discoveries in the new frontier of syntheticbiology. This article proposes that the existing paradigm adjust accordingly to leverage regulatory compliance from the most ambitious biohackers looking to benefit from patent protection. The U.S. government …

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Do You Mind My Smoking? Plain Packaging Of Cigarettes Under The Trips Agreement, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 450 (2011), Alberto Alemanno, Enrico Bonadio Jan 2011

Do You Mind My Smoking? Plain Packaging Of Cigarettes Under The Trips Agreement, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 450 (2011), Alberto Alemanno, Enrico Bonadio

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Plain packaging, a new tobacco control tool that a growing number of countries are considering, mandates the removal of all attractive and promotional aspects of tobacco product packages. As a result of plain packaging, the only authorized feature remaining on a tobacco package is the use of the brand name, displayed in a standard font, size, colour and location on the package. In opposing this new strategy, the tobacco industry is particularly keen on emphasizing the uselessness of plain packaging in reducing smoking rates and its incompatibility with trade mark provisions of international treaties. In particular, the tobacco industry and …

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The Application Of Data Access Policies Designed For Genome-Wide Association Studies To Smaller Scale Databases, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 476 (2011), Donna M. Gitter Jan 2011

The Application Of Data Access Policies Designed For Genome-Wide Association Studies To Smaller Scale Databases, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 476 (2011), Donna M. Gitter

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Scientific progress thrives with open discussion of new ideas and supporting data. To this end, researchers traditionally publish their results in scientific papers—papers that contain the new ideas and the underlying data supporting those ideas. With the advent of large-scale and high-throughput data analysis, however, the creation of scientific databases have replaced the traditional model. For such publically-funded, data-intensive projects, funding agencies typically require that all relevant data be made available on a publicly accessible website at the time of the paper’s publication. Against the backdrop of the public accessibility model used in the 1000 Genomes Project, the author recommends …

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Interpreting Myriad: Acquiring Patent Law's Meaning Through Contemporary Jurisprudence And Humanistic Viewpoint Of Common Heritage Of Dna, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 508 (2011), Saby Ghoshray Jan 2011

Interpreting Myriad: Acquiring Patent Law's Meaning Through Contemporary Jurisprudence And Humanistic Viewpoint Of Common Heritage Of Dna, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 508 (2011), Saby Ghoshray

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

Until Judge Sweet’s decision in Association for Molecular Pathology v. U.S. Patent & Trademark Office (Myriad), gene patentability in the United States has evaded prohibition for more than three decades since Diamond v. Chakrabarty. The Myriad decision has captured the imagination of the legal community—but not in isolation. This article examines Myriad through the lens of two contemporary European decisions related to gene patenting, Eli Lilly & Co. v Human Genome Sciences, Inc and Monsanto Technology LLC v. Cefetra BV, suggesting that Myriad is a narrative that evolves at the intersection of law’s aspiration, humanity’s common heritage, and corporate realities …

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Biotech Patent Infringement In Europe: The "Functionality" Gatekeeper, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 540 (2011), Vid Mohan-Ram, Richard Peet, Philippe Vlaemminck Jan 2011

Biotech Patent Infringement In Europe: The "Functionality" Gatekeeper, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 540 (2011), Vid Mohan-Ram, Richard Peet, Philippe Vlaemminck

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

The Court of Justice of the European Union recently concluded in Monsanto Technology LLC v. Cefetra BV that a patent with claims drawn to isolated DNA, or transgenic products containing that sequence, cannot be infringed if the DNA is not functional at the time of the alleged infringement.This paper discusses how the Cefetra judgment may unintentionally inflict serious economic harm on the European biotechnology industry because countless biotechnology products may no longer be protected by what are otherwise valid and enforceable patent claims. After Cefetra, an accused infringer may deny infringement by simply asserting that the patented sequence does not …

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Trademark Protection Of Live Animals: The Bleat Goes On, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 715 (2011), Lee B. Burgunder Jan 2011

Trademark Protection Of Live Animals: The Bleat Goes On, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 715 (2011), Lee B. Burgunder

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

The Wall Street Journal recently reported that the owner of a Swedish restaurant was suing other businesses for violating its registered trademark, which surprisingly consists of live goats on a grass roof. The PTO and the courts have steadily enlarged the set of trade dress features that might serve as trademarks, and there is no reason, in theory, to treat live animals differently. Nevertheless, the PTO likely made a mistake in this instance when it agreed to register the mark. This article evaluates the requirements for protecting trade dress with trademarks, and explains why a Swedish restaurant should not have …

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Recognition And Presentation Of A “New Result” To Reach A Safe Harbor, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 583 (2011), Hal Milton Jan 2011

Recognition And Presentation Of A “New Result” To Reach A Safe Harbor, 10 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 583 (2011), Hal Milton

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

A safe harbor where a patent has the best chance of survival in a litigation storm is only established by dividing the preparation of a patent application into two separate categories: the recognition of the new result and the presentation of the new result throughout the patent application. The two famous cases of Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Co. v. Supermarket Equipment Corp. and Graham v. John Deere Co. illustrate how the implementation of recognition and presentation might have prevented litigation or saved the patents.

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