Intellectual Property Law Commons^™

Examining Global Access To Essential Pharmaceuticals In The Face Of Patent Protection Rights: The South African Example, Bess-Carolina Dolmo

Buffalo Human Rights Law Review

No abstract provided.

Digital Music Distribution Via The Internet: Is It A Plantinum Idea Or A One Hit Wonder, L. Kevin Levine

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Protecting Against International Infringements In The Digital Age Using United States Copyright Law: A Critical Analysis Of The Current State Of The Law, Brandon Dalling

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Could Fair Use Equal Breach Of Contract?: An Analysis Of Informational Web Site User Agreements And Their Restrictive Copyright Provisions, Matthew D. Walden

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Hacking Digital Video Recorders: Potential Copyright Liability For Dvr Hackers And Service Providers, Ashley A. Johnson

Duke Law & Technology Review

To what extent does Sony's time-shifting fair use argument extend to recent innovations that make it easier for hackers use DVR technology to generate copies of protected material? The author assesses the potential liability of DVR manufacturers against the backdrop of traditional fair use doctrines.

Copyrights In Computer-Generated Works: Whom, If Anyone, Do We Reward?, Darin Glasser

Duke Law & Technology Review

Computer-generated works raise grave authorship concerns under U.S. copyright law, with arguments in favor of allocating copyrights to the computer user, programmer, the computer itself, or some combination therein. The author discusses the issues and paradoxes inherent in these choices, and assesses the nature of mathematical graphical processes in light of the idea/expression dichotomy.

Preparing For Bioinformatics Litigation: How Will The Courts Confront The Next Generation Of Biotechnology Patents?, Scott D. Locke, David A. Kalow

Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Arresting Technology: An Essay, Ann Bartow

Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Living Before, Through, And With Markman: Claim Construction As A Matter Of Law, John R. Lane, Christine A. Pepe

Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Idea Of Progress In Copyright Law, Michael D. Birnhack

Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Licenses And The Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act, Cheon-Seok Seo

Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Pirates Are Always With Us: What Can And Cannot Be Done About Unauthorized Use Of Mp3 Files On The Internet, David R. Johnstone

Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal

No abstract provided.

International Upheaval: Patent Independence Protectionists And The Hague Conference, Kyle Grimshaw

Duke Law & Technology Review

International lawmakers presently are negotiating a treaty that would not only allow U.S. courts to grant summary judgment in patent infringement suits if a court in Canada or Europe previously found patent infringement, but would actually require it. This paper examines whether courts in the United States should be allowed to find patent infringement based solely upon the fact that foreign courts had previously found patent infringement. The author concludes that changing the law to allow this practice is not sound policy.

Internet Business Model Patents: Obvious By Analogy, Margo A. Bagley

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

This Article contends that part of the problem of Internet business model patents is the narrow view of analogous art employed by judges and USPTO examiners which largely excludes relevant "real-world" prior art in the determination of non-obviousness under § 103 of the Patent Act. Consequently, part of the solution lies in helping courts and the USPTO properly to define analogous art for a particular invention. To do so, judges and examiners must recognize the interchangeability of computer programming (i.e. "e-world" activities) to perform a function, with human or mechanical performance of the same function (i.e. "real world" activities). Such …

Economic Espionage Act--Reverse Engineering And The Intellectual Property Public Policy, The, Craig L. Uhrich

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

The publicity surrounding[...] incidents of industrial espionage resulted in a push for federal protections. In response to this pressure from U.S. industries, Congress passed the Economic Espionage Act of 1996 ("EEA"). The EEA protects trade secrets through the use of federal criminal sanctions." The EEA's provisions are introduced in Part I. Trade secrets are a form of intellectual property. Therefore, a basic understanding of intellectual property law is important to an analysis of the EEA. Part II of this Article provides an overview of the various forms of intellectual property. To be effective, the EEA must complement existing intellectual property …

Defining The Proper Scope Of Internet Patents: If We Don't Know Where We Want To Go, We're Unlikely To Get There, Vincent Chiappetta

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

Part I of this Article addresses the appropriateness of protecting Internet innovations under the current patent regime. It concludes that the doctrinal, historical and policy arguments require different outcomes regarding computing (patentable subject matter) and competitive arts (at best a difficult fit) innovation. Part II argues that the new electronic economy has given rise to a particular kind of competitive arts "market failure" (interference with first-to-move lead-time incentives) which must be addressed. It concludes, however, that tinkering with the existing patent or copyright regimes is not only complex, but poses significant risks, and should be avoided. Part III sketches the …

International And Comparative Law Perspectives On Internet Patents, Toshiko Takenaka

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

The Internet and e-commerce have created a borderless market. Goods and services sold on the Internet are subject to the patent statutes and regulations of all countries in which customers have access. Because the presence or absence of patent protection--or variations in that protection--hinders the movement of goods and services throughout the Internet, it is necessary to harmonize the protection afforded by Internet patents in their early stages of development. Among the three papers, however, only Professor Chiappetta touched upon the problem of compliance with the provisions in TRIPS. None of the papers paid attention to the feasibility of harmonizing …

Toward An American Moral Rights In Copyright, Ilhyung Lee

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Tiger's Paper Tiger: The Endangered Right Of Publicity, David J. Michnal

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

The First Sale Doctrine And Digital Phonorecords, Bob Hyde

Duke Law & Technology Review

This iBrief follows various phonorecord formats to illustrate the specifics of the First Sale doctrine as it applies to digital phonorecords. The author argues that the disposal of a digital phonorecord by means of distribution infringes an author's exclusive right to reproduce the underlying musical work and this distribution is not subject to First Sale protection.

The Future Of Database Protection In U.S. Copyright Law, Jennifer Askanazi, Glen Caplan, Dianne Descoteaux, Kelly Donohue, Darin Glasser, Emelio Mena

Duke Law & Technology Review

In the recent British Horseracing Board case, the English High Court signaled a return to the "sweat of the brow" standard of copyright protection. Although recent attempts have been made in the United States to protect databases under this standard, this iBrief argues that the information economy is wise to continuing protecting this data through trade secret, State misappropriation and contract law until legislation is passed.

Avoiding Intellectual Property Problems, Thomas G. Field Jr.

Law Faculty Scholarship

Patents, copyrights, trademarks, as well as trade secrets and related rights can be used to exclude free riders. These rights are usually collectively called "intellectual property" or IP. Everyone should know how to cost-effectively protect their own rights.

Japan's New Patent Attorney Law Breaches Barrier Between The "Legal" And "Quasi-Legal" Professions: Integrity Of Japanese Patent Practice At Risk?, Lee Rousso

Washington International Law Journal

In order to increase the quantity of intellectual property related legal services made available to the public, the Japanese Diet enacted a complete revision of Japan's eighty-year-old Patent Attorney Law. Under the terms of the new law, which became effective on January 6, 2001, benrishi (patent attorneys) have authority to greatly expand their range of professional activities. The newly recognized activities encroach upon the statutory monopoly long enjoyed by Japan's bengoshi (attorneys). Furthermore, the new legislation gives the benrishi a professional domain that is inconsistent with the profession's credential requirements. This Comment argues that the revision is likely to have …

Patent Amendments And Prosecution History Estoppel Under Festo, Stephen Dirksen, Kyle Grimshaw, Michael Hostetler, Michael Kim, Steven Mesnick

Duke Law & Technology Review

On November 29, 2000, the Federal Circuit retroactively reduced the value of nearly 1.2 million unexpired United States patents by announcing a new rule for the somewhat obscure doctrine of prosecution history estoppel. Designed to foster clarity in patent applications, this new pronouncement in Festo Corp v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co. allows for easy copying of some patented inventions and reduces patent owner's ability to prove infringement. This article outlines the change in the law and discusses the positive and negative consequences of the decision.

Agricultural Biotechnology: Why It Can Save The Environment And Developing Nations, But May Never Get A Chance, Mary Lynne Kupchella

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

The World Trade Organization: Environmental Police?, Jane I. Yoon

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note examines the tension between the World Trade Organization's (WTO) primary goal of promoting free trade and its efforts to address environmental concerns. While the WTO has established mechanisms like the Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) to reconcile trade and environmental issues, critics argue that its framework prioritizes trade over environmental protection. The note concludes that the WTO's environmental aspirations are commendable but ultimately impractical due to the inherent conflict between trade liberalization and environmental goals.

Prescriptive Treaties In Global Warming: Applying The Factors Leading To The Montreal Protocol, Jasmine C. Abdel-Khalik

Faculty Works

The international community has long recognized that environmental problems can reach beyond territorial borders to affect the entire globe. The global community has also recognized that environmental problems often manifest long before the scientific community can conclusively point to a cause.

One of the main problems in resolving global warming is convincing developing nations that they can reduce their emissions without compromising their economic growth. Developing nations want to continue down the same path developed countries took to industrialize, even if it negatively affects the environment. Many of the developing nations rightfully claim that developed nations exploited the environment to …

What Is Property's Fourth Estate - Cultural Property And The Fiduciary Ideal, Steven Wilf

Faculty Articles and Papers

No abstract provided.

The Copyrightability Of New Works Of Authorship: 'Xml Schemas' As An Example, I. Trotter Hardy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Owning Digital Copies: Copyright Law And The Incidents Of Copy Ownership, Joseph P. Liu

William & Mary Law Review

As copyrighted works are increasingly distributed in digital form over the Internet, our conventional print-based understandings of the rights associated with copy ownership are coming into increasing conflict with the copyright owner's right to restrict copying. Specifically, certain common activities, such as reading and transferring physical copies of copyrighted works (such as books), are increasingly being viewed as potential acts of copyright infringement when applied to digital copies. This Article explores this conflict by taking a close look at the concept of copy ownership. It argues that conventional notions of physical property ownership play an important, unrecognized role in copyright …