Intellectual Property Law Commons^™

Operationalizing The Care And Fair Principles For Indigenous Data Futures, Stephanie Russo Carroll, Edit Herzog, Maui Hudson, Keith Russell, Shelley Stall

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

As big data, open data, and open science advance to increase access to complex and large datasets for innovation, discovery, and decision-making, Indigenous Peoples’ rights to control and access their data within these data environments remain limited. Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance enhances machine actionability and brings people and purpose to the fore to resolve Indigenous Peoples’ rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.

Scite: A Smart Citation Index That Displays The Context Of Citations And Classifies Their Intent Using Deep Learning, Josh M. Nicholson, Milo Mordaunt, Patrice Lopez, Ashish Uppala, Domenic Rosati, Neves P. Rodrigues, Peter Grabitz, Sean C. Rife

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Citation indices are tools used by the academic community for research and research evaluation that aggregate scientific literature output and measure impact by collating citation counts. Citation indices help measure the interconnections between scientific papers but fall short because they fail to communicate contextual information about a citation. The use of citations in research evaluation without consideration of context can be problematic because a citation that presents contrasting evidence to a paper is treated the same as a citation that presents supporting evidence. To solve this problem, we have used machine learning, traditional document ingestion methods, and a network of …

The Corruption Of Copyright And Returning It To Its Original Purposes, Michelle M. Wu

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Since its inception, Copyright has had two purposes: the private interest of the author in being paid for her work and the public interest served by the dissemination of these works. Within the last two decades, though, some industries have systematically undermined both of those interests, redirecting the benefits of copyright towards themselves instead of the intended beneficiaries. This paper looks at the book, music, and entertainment industries, examines how copyright has been used to suppress the uses it was intended to foster, and explores ongoing and proposed avenues for course correction.

Implementing The Rda Research Data Policy Framework In Slovenian Scientific Journals, Janez Štebe, Maja Dolinar, Sonja Bezjak, Ana Inkret

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The paper aims to present the implementation of the RDA research data policy framework in Slovenian scientific journals within the project RDA Node Slovenia. The activity aimed to implement the practice of data sharing and data citation in Slovenian scientific journals and was based on internationally renowned practices and policies, particularly the Research Data Policy Framework of the RDA Data Policy Standardization and Implementation Interest Group. Following this, the RDA Node Slovenia coordination prepared a guidance document that allowed the four pilot participating journals (from fields of archaeology, history, linguistics and social sciences) to adjust their journal policies regarding data …

Role Of A Croatian National Repository Infrastructure In Promotion And Support Of Research Data Management, Kristina Posavec, Draženko Celjak, Ljiljana Jertec Musap

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The paper will give an overview of national infrastructure for digital repositories, Digital Academic Archives and Repositories (DABAR), and its role as technology steward in raising awareness about research data management (RDM) and promoting good practices in the Croatian A&R community. The University of Zagreb, University Computing Centre (SRCE) is providing national infrastructure DABAR suitable for storing and dissemination of different types of digital objects. Through DABAR, all Croatian higher education and research institutions can establish their digital repository. A strong collaboration between SRCEs DABAR team and institutions repository managers has proven to be important in the process of disseminating …

Open Access: “Information Wants To Be Free”?, Richard Poynder

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The main points made in this document:

- Internet mantras like information wants to be free misled OA advocates about what is possible in an online world. Amongst other things, these mantras led to the mistaken belief that publishing would be very much cheaper on the internet.

- BOAI was intended to achieve three things: to resolve the longstanding problems of affordability, accessibility, and equity that have long dogged scholarly communication.

- It now seems unlikely that the affordability and equity problems will be resolved, which will impact disproportionately negatively on those in the Global South. And if the geopolitical …

Economic Analyses Of Federal Scientific Collections: Methods For Documenting Costs And Benefits, David E. Schindel, Economic Study Group Of The Interagency Working Group On Scientific Collections

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Federal object-based scientific collections have been created to serve agency missions and, in a few cases, to comply with legislative and regulatory mandates. “Project collections” (those managed by the researchers who obtained them for restricted use) and their costs and benefits were considered too varied for standard methodologies that assess costs and benefits. In a few cases, departments and agencies are required by legislation or regulations to retain objects in long-term “institutional collections.” In most cases, decisions to retain objects are based on long-term costs relative to the perceived potential for benefits to taxpayers. Federal collections vary in their philosophies …

The Care Principles For Indigenous Data Governance, Stephanie Russo Carroll, Ibrahim Garba, Oscar L. Figueroa-Rodríguez, Jarita Holbrook, Raymond Lovett, Simeon Materechera, Mark Parsons, Kay Raseroka, Desi Rodriguez-Lonebear, Robyn Rowe, Rodrigo Sara, Jennifer D. Walker, Jane Anderson, Maui Hudson

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Concerns about secondary use of data and limited opportunities for benefit-sharing have focused attention on the tension that Indigenous communities feel between (1) protecting Indigenous rights and interests in Indigenous data (including traditional knowledges) and (2) supporting open data, machine learning, broad data sharing, and big data initiatives. The International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group (within the Research Data Alliance) is a network of nation-state based Indigenous data sovereignty networks and individuals that developed the ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics) in consultation with Indigenous Peoples, scholars, non-profit organizations, and governments. The …

Oddpub – A Text-Mining Algorithm To Detect Data Sharing In Biomedical Publications, Nico Riedel, Miriam Kip, Evgeny Bobrov

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Open research data are increasingly recognized as a quality indicator and an important resource to increase transparency, robustness and collaboration in science. However, no standardized way of reporting Open Data in publications exists, making it difficult to find shared datasets and assess the prevalence of Open Data in an automated fashion.

We developed ODDPub (Open Data Detection in Publications), a text-mining algorithm that screens biomedical publications and detects cases of Open Data. Using English-language original research publications from a single biomedical research institution (n = 8689) and randomly selected from PubMed (n = 1500) we iteratively developed a …

Copyright, Andrea Wallace

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Copyright is intended to incentivize the production of new creative works and protect authors’ connection to them. In return, the author receives exclusive rights over the creative work and can commercialize or release them for various uses. Once the copyright expires, these works pass into the public domain and can be used by anyone to produce new creative works and knowledge.

GLAMs (Galleries, Archives, Libraries, and Museums) protect, preserve, and extend access to these works (and many other materials) for the appreciation of current and future generations. This is often facilitated today by digitizing collections and making them available online. …

The State Of Altmetrics: A Tenth Anniversary Celebration, Kathy Christian, Euan Adie, Gemma Derrick, Fereshteh Didegah, Paul Groth, Cameron Neylon, Jason Priem, Shenmeng Xu, Zohreh Zahedi, Yin-Leng Theng, Saeed-Ul Hassan, Naif R. Aljohani, Timothy D. Bowen, Vanesh M. Patel, Robin Haunschild, Lutz Bornmann, Mike Taylor, Liesa Ross, Stacy Konkiel

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Altmetric’s mission is to help others understand the influence of research online.We collate what people are saying about published research in sources such as the mainstream media, policy documents, social networks, blogs, and other scholarly and non-scholarly forums to provide a more robust picture of the influence and reach of scholarly work. Altmetric works with some of the biggest publishers, funders, businesses and institutions around the world to deliver this data in an accessible and reliable format.

Contents

Altmetrics, Ten Years Later, Euan Adie (Altmetric (founder) & Overton)

Reflections on Altmetrics, Gemma Derrick (University of Lancaster), Fereshteh Didegah (Karolinska Institutet …

Open Is Not Forever: A Study Of Vanished Open Access Journals, Mikael Laakso, Lisa Matthias, Najko Jahn

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The preservation of the scholarly record has been a point of concern since the beginning of knowledge production. With print publications, the responsibility rested primarily with librarians, but the shift towards digital publishing and, in particular, the introduction of open access (OA) have caused ambiguity and complexity. Consequently, the long-term accessibility of journals is not always guaranteed, and they can even disappear from the web completely. The purpose of this exploratory study is to systematically study the phenomenon of vanished journals, something that has not been done before. For the analysis, we consulted several major bibliographic indexes, such as Scopus, …

Research 4.0: Research In The Age Of Automation, Rob Procter, Ben Glover, Elliot Jones

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Executive Summary

There is a growing consensus that we are at the start of a fourth industrial revolution, driven by developments in Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, robotics, the Internet of Things, 3-D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, 5G, new forms of energy storage and quantum computing. This wave of technical innovations is already having a significant impact on how research is conducted, with dramatic change across research methods in recent years within some disciplines, as this project’s interim report set out.

Whilst there are a wide range of technologies associated with the fourth industrial revolution, this report primarily seeks to understand what …

Open Access: An Analysis Of Publisher Copyright And Licensing Policies In Europe, 2020, Chris Morrison, Jane Secker, Brigitte Vézina,, Ignasi Labastida I Juan, Vanessa Proudman

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

This report investigates the copyright retention policy amongst publishers, self-archiving policies and records publisher policies on open licensing, also as relating to the Plan S requirements on rights and licensing. It should be understood as a snapshot in time informing on the current policy status. It also provides policy development guidance to funders, institutions, publishers and their authors for positive change towards immediate OA.

Over the past decade, Europe has seen a significant growth in activity to establish and advance Open Access (OA) policies, this includes the relatively recent formation of the funder coalition, cOAlition S, and its Plan S …

The State Of Journal Production And Access 2020: Report On Survey Of Society And University Publishers

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

“The State of Journal Production and Access” survey ran between March and June 2020 and received 63 responses from individuals working with academic organizations that publish one or more peer-reviewed journals independently (i.e., not outsourced to a separate publisher). The survey encompassed questions in two areas: 1. journal production, including article formatting, layout, and metadata tagging practices and priorities; and 2. journal access, including publishers’ current access and funding models as well as respondents’ perceptions of the viability of alternate options. Among the main findings on the topic of journal production were: • Less than half of publishers surveyed reported …

A List Of Zea Books, Published By University Of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Zea Books

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

94 published titles (2005-2020), plus 1 forthcoming this fall.

Zea Books are produced by the Office of Scholarly Communications, and published by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries.

With links to online pdf editions and Lulu.com print-on-demand online storefront.

Zea Books are online at https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/zeabook/

Print-on-demand editions are available @ http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/unllib

Progress In Activities Of Wds-China Data Centers, Juanle Wang, Kun Bu, Yanjie Wang, Yating Shao

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The World Data System (WDS) plays an important role in promoting global scientific data management, exchange, and sharing. There are 8 WDS data centers in mainland China including study areas of astronomy, space science, global change, renewable resources and environmental, cold and dry regions, microbiology, geophysics, and the ocean. This paper summarizes the current status of the WDS China data centers, along with their major progress in recent years. This progress includes a clearinghouse for metadata exchange, research data archival, historical data saving, international data exchange, data publishing models, CoreTrustSeal certification, open repositories for the scientific community, science popularization services, …

Accessibility In Institutional Repositories, Laura Waugh, Colleen Lyon, Abigail Shelton, Kristi Park, William Hicks, Nerissa Lindsey

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Purpose

Institutional repositories (IRs) are widely used for archiving, preserving, and disseminating scholarly works and making them available on the web. Much of the research and development in IRs has focused on platforms, workflows, and policies for adding content. In this study, the focus is to gauge practices to ensure accessibility of the digital content made available in IRs.

The purpose of this study is to:

1. Understand the current landscape of accessibility practices in institutional repositories in academic libraries.

2. Identify the average level of content accessibility implemented in institutional repositories in academic libraries.

For the purpose of this …

Antiracism Toolkit For Allies

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

While a growing awareness of racial disparities has resulted in a groundswell of support for inclusivity in scholarly publishing, we believe that the resulting initiatives would be more effective if our professional associations were able to provide training materials to help transform our workplaces and organizational cultures. As evidence of the interest and need, the project leaders of this guide have been contacted by individuals across scholarly publishing asking for resources about how to replicate workplace equity groups, what to do in cases of discrimination or microaggressions, and how to begin conversations about race. In support of necessary change, the …

Labour Of Love: An Open Access Manifesto For Freedom, Integrity, And Creativity In The Humanities And Interpretive Social Sciences, Andrea E. Pia, Simon Batterbury, Agnieszka Joniak-Lüthi, Marcel Laflamme, Gerda Wielander, Filippo M. Zerilli, Melissa Nolas, Jon Schubert, Nicholas Loubere, Ivan Franceschini, Casey Walsh, Agathe Mora, Christos Varvantakis

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Over the next decade, Open Access (OA) is likely to become the default in scholarly publishing. Yet, as commercial publishers develop new models for capturing revenue (and as policy initiatives like Plan S remain reluctant to challenge their centrality), researchers, librarians, and other concerned observers are beginning to articulate a set of values that critically engages the industry-driven project of broadening access to specialist scholarship. While alternative genealogies exist, conversations about OA in the Global North have largely been concerned with the model of the STEM disciplines, lately shifting to focus on the development of infrastructural fixes that transcend traditional …

Yard: A Tool For Curating Research Outputs, Limor Peer, Joshua Dull

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Repositories increasingly accept research outputs and associated artifacts that underlie reported findings, leading to potential changes in the demand for data curation and repository services. This paper describes a curation tool that responds to this challenge by economizing and optimizing curation efforts. The curation tool is implemented at Yale University’s Institution for Social and Policy Studies (ISPS) as YARD. By standardizing the curation workflow, YARD helps create high quality data packages that are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) and promotes research transparency by connecting the activities of researchers, curators, and publishers through a single pipeline.

Open Access Uptake By Universities Worldwide, Nicolas Robinson-Garcia, Rodrigo Costas, Thed N. Van Leeuwen

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The implementation of policies promoting the adoption of an open science (OS) culture must be accompanied by indicators that allow monitoring the uptake of such policies and their potential effects on research publishing and sharing practices. This study presents indicators of open access (OA) at the institutional level for universities worldwide. By combining data from Web of Science, Unpaywall and the Leiden Ranking disambiguation of institutions, we track OA coverage of universities' output for 963 institutions. This paper presents the methodological challenges, conceptual discrepancies and limitations and discusses further steps needed to move forward the discussion on fostering OA and …

Copyright Reform: Imagining More Balanced Copyright Laws, Michelle M. Wu

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Earlier chapters of this book provide a history of copyright and libraries in the United States, a review of outdated language in the existing copyright code, and a discussion of actions by both copyright owners and the public to rebalance copyright outside of legislation. This chapter simply imagines what copyright could be if we disregard the known political and legal obstacles. It starts with no constraints, which one might argue is both impractical and foolish. Why spend time discussing what could be when treaties, self-interest, and powerful industry lobbies stand in the way?

The answer is simply that environments can …

Biomedcentral (Bmc) 2019 – 2020, Anqi Shi, Heather Morrison

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Key points

• Open access commercial publishing pioneer BMC is now wholly owned by a private company with a portfolio including lines of business that derive revenue from journal subscriptions, book sales, and textbook sales and rentals
• Two former BMC fully OA journals, listed in DOAJ from 2014 – 2018 as having CC-BY licenses, are now hybrid and listed on the Springer website and have disappeared from the BMC website
• 67% of BMC journals with APCs in 2019 and 2020 increased in price and 11% decreased in price.
• Journals with price increases had a higher average APC in 2019, i.e. more …

Issued Patents In A University’S Institutional Repository, Suzanne Reinman, Janet Ahrberg

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

Beginning in 2016, patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) granted to Oklahoma State University were included in SHAREOK (https://shareok.org/.). The joint institutional repository for the Oklahoma State University Libraries (OSU) and the University of Oklahoma Libraries (OU), SHAREOK serves as the home for the intellectual output of both communities and will ultimately include digital dissertations, faculty publications, digital special collections, open access publications, and open educational resources. Including patents has increased the depth of the collection and allows them to be searched or indexed by date, author, title, and subject/classification. Using DSpace software, the contents of …

Sovereign Immunity Issues For Tech Transfer Programs At State Universities, Agnes Gambill

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

Technology transfer is the process of transforming research and ideas into viable commercial opportunities. Notable examples of tech transfer include Google, artificial intelligence, life-saving vaccines, and renewable energy technology. Universities and colleges play an important role in the technology transfer process, ranging from brokering commercial partnerships, negotiating license agreements, and protecting intellectual property. Valuable patents are often at stake, and as a result, universities should anticipate litigation risks. State universities, in particular, face new and unusual challenges as a result of their status as state entities. Under the 11th Amendment, state universities, as an arm of the state, can claim …

Broadening The Patent Experience: The Value Of Piug And Attending The Patent Information Users Group (Piug) Annual Conference, Paulina Borrego, Rachel Knapp

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

No abstract provided.

Patent And Trademark Resource Center Websites: A Content Analysis, Jared Hoppenfeld

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

Patent and Trademark Resource Centers (PTRCs) serve as an off-site connection to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Approximately 85 PTRCs exist to assist inventors, entrepreneurs, and researchers by providing facilities, resources, and expertise. Most of these libraries also have a website which, in addition to USPTO webpages, serves as a gateway to the world of patent and trademark research. These websites provide access to various resources while also functioning as an outreach tool to the public.

This study included a content analysis of 79 websites belonging to PTRC libraries. After a literature review of other website studies, …

Quirky Patent Coloring Books: An Outreach Project Focused On Changing The Patent Culture One Patent Coloring Book At A Time, Paulina Borrego

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

No abstract provided.

Piug: Patent Information Users Group, Inc.: A History Of The International Society For Patent Information Professionals, Barbara J. Hampton

Journal of the Patent and Trademark Resource Center Association

Efforts to view and analyze patents began soon after the first patents were filed in the novel system founded in the U.S. Constitution. In the succeeding 200 plus years, classification and indexing tools have evolved from paper to digital, with searching demanding ever-higher skills. Answering the need of patent researchers and analysts for advocacy, scholarship, and professional education, leading searchers founded the Patent Information Users Group, Inc., now the pre-eminent professional organization for patent searchers in the United States. It offers formal coursework for prospective patent searchers, colloquia, and conferences where novice searchers can master their craft. Searchers, who often …