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Articles 181 - 205 of 205
Full-Text Articles in Indigenous, Indian, and Aboriginal Law
In Memory Of Professor James E. Bond, Janet Ainsworth
In Memory Of Professor James E. Bond, Janet Ainsworth
Seattle University Law Review
Janet Ainsworth, Professor of Law at Seattle University School of Law: In Memory of Professor James E. Bond.
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Seattle University Law Review
Table of Contents
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Seattle University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review
Seattle University Law Review
No abstract provided.
A View From American Courts: The Year In Indian Law 2017, Grant Christensen
A View From American Courts: The Year In Indian Law 2017, Grant Christensen
Seattle University Law Review
This Article provides a comprehensive review of Indian law for 2017. It does not include a citation to every case related to Indian law issued by the courts but tries to incorporate the majority of opinions into its catalog to provide a robust discussion of the changes in Indian law over the course of 2017. Part I of this Article provides some general statistics about Indian law in 2017. Part II focuses on activity at the U.S. Supreme Court, which is the most watched forum for Indian law cases for obvious reasons. Part III groups cases by subject area and …
Conceptualizing Climate Justice In Kivalina, Marissa Knodel
Conceptualizing Climate Justice In Kivalina, Marissa Knodel
Seattle University Law Review
Due to climate change, indigenous communities in Alaska are forced to develop in ways that adversely affect their livelihoods and culture. For example, decreases in sea ice, increases in the frequency of sea storms, and melting permafrost have so accelerated the erosion of one barrier island that an entire village faces relocation. These indigenous communities, which have contributed little to causing climate change, are limited in their ability to adapt. After examining three broad questions about the effects of climate change on indigenous communities, this Article reaches four preliminary conclusion about relocation as a climate adaptation strategy and its relations …
Fisheries Governance And How It Fits Within The Broader Arctic Governance, Adam Soliman
Fisheries Governance And How It Fits Within The Broader Arctic Governance, Adam Soliman
Seattle University Law Review
Climate change is causing the Arctic ice to melt and fish stocks to change their migration patterns. These changes are increasing access to Arctic fisheries, as well as moving other fish stocks to the north. To prevent the depletion of fish stocks and to protect the Arctic environment, proper fisheries governance requires collaboration between nation-states and specific populations. Fisheries present unique governance and management issues. Unlike other natural resources, fish stocks do not stay in the same place. The non-stationary nature of fish stocks, along with shared sovereignty over the oceans, make coordination between stakeholders the most difficult as well …
United States Policy And Norwegian Commercial Whaling: A Cooperative Approach, Jamie Nystrom
United States Policy And Norwegian Commercial Whaling: A Cooperative Approach, Jamie Nystrom
Seattle University Law Review
Both the United States and Norway have a long history of commercial whaling, but the mantle of dominance in the whaling world passed from the United States to Norway in the mid-nineteenth century. As demand for whale-based products declined in the United States over the past century, and environmentalism and conservationism became more popular public ideologies, the United States shifted from a pro-whaling nation to, effectively, an anti-whaling nation. Norway, however, has continued to be the only nation that openly engages in commercial whaling for profit, albeit on a smaller scale in comparison to historical practices. The United States’ past …
Extracting More Than Resources: Human Security And Arctic Indigenous Women, Victoria Sweet
Extracting More Than Resources: Human Security And Arctic Indigenous Women, Victoria Sweet
Seattle University Law Review
The circumpolar Arctic region is at the forefront of rapid change, and with change come potential threats to human security. Numerous factors determine what makes a state, a community, or an individual feel secure. For example, extractive industry development can bring economic benefits to an area, but these development projects also bring security concerns, including potential human rights violations. While security concerns connected with development projects have been studied in southern hemisphere countries and countries classified as “developing,” concerns connected with extractive industry development projects in “developed” countries like the United States have received little attention. This Article will change …
An Unfinished Joruney: Arctic Indigenous Rights, Lands, And Jurisdiction?, Tony Penikett
An Unfinished Joruney: Arctic Indigenous Rights, Lands, And Jurisdiction?, Tony Penikett
Seattle University Law Review
The indigenous rights movement has been defined as a struggle for land and jurisdiction. Over the last forty years, American and Canadian governments made much progress on the land question in the Arctic and sub-Arctic; however, from an irrational fear of the unknown, politicians in Washington, D.C. and Ottawa have effectively blocked the pathways to aboriginal jurisdiction or self-government. During the late-twentieth century in the Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, as well as in Nisga’a territory, indigenous governments negotiated local government powers, but continent-wide progress on the question of indigenous jurisdiction has stalled. This Article considers the formation and implementation …
Oil And Gas In America's Arctic Ocean: Past Problems Counsel Precaution, Michael Levine, Peter Van Tuyn, Layla Hughes
Oil And Gas In America's Arctic Ocean: Past Problems Counsel Precaution, Michael Levine, Peter Van Tuyn, Layla Hughes
Seattle University Law Review
This Article provides context for the controversy facing government agencies charged with making decisions about the future of America’s Arctic Ocean. It then distill themes that, if addressed, could help further a lasting solution for this region that respects its natural and human values while crafting a reasonable path forward for decisions about development. First, this Article offers background about the region, the threats facing it, and some of the challenges in managing the natural resources there. Second, it provides an overview of the legal framework through which the United States government makes decisions about whether and under what conditions …
Changes In Latitudes Call For Changes In Attitudes: Towards Recognition Of A Global Imperative For Stewardship, Not Exploitation, In The Arctic, Taylor Simpson-Wood
Changes In Latitudes Call For Changes In Attitudes: Towards Recognition Of A Global Imperative For Stewardship, Not Exploitation, In The Arctic, Taylor Simpson-Wood
Seattle University Law Review
For more than two centuries, the imagination of mariners has been captured by visions of a trade route across the Arctic Sea allowing vessels to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Known as the Northwest Passage, this fabled route is a time- and money-saving sea lane running from the Atlantic Ocean Arctic Circle to the Pacific Ocean Arctic Circle. Now, the thinning of the ice in the Arctic may transform what was once only a dream into a reality. New shipping lanes linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans are likely to open between 2040 and 2059. If loss …
Statutes Of Ill Repose And Threshold Canons Of Construction: A Unified Approach To Ambiguity After San Carlos Apache Tribe V. United States, Daniel Lee
Seattle University Law Review
Historically, the San Carlos Apache Tribe depended on the Gila River to irrigate crops and sustain a population of around 14,000 tribe members. The river is also sacred to the Tribe and central to the Tribe’s culture and spirituality. Initially, the federal government had recognized the Tribe’s dependence on the Gila River by reserving, under the Winters doctrine, water rights necessary to support the San Carlos Apache Reservation. Acting as the Tribe’s trustee, the United States entered into the Globe Equity Decree (the Decree), which prevented the San Carlos Apache Tribe from claiming water rights under the Winters doctrine and …
Unjustifiable Expectations: Laying To Rest The Ghosts Of Allotment-Era Settlers, Ann E. Tweedy
Unjustifiable Expectations: Laying To Rest The Ghosts Of Allotment-Era Settlers, Ann E. Tweedy
Seattle University Law Review
During the allotment era, the federal government took land from tribes and parceled some of it out to individual tribal members, while, in most cases, selling off the remainder to non-Indian settlers. Those actions, which are properly understood as unconstitutional takings, have been reinforced through decades of Supreme Court precedent. Specifically, the Court has used the now repudiated federal allotment policy, which contemplated eventual abolition of tribal governments, to justify contemporary incursions on tribal jurisdictional authority as well as other limitations on tribal sovereign rights. In this way, the Court builds new injustices upon old ones. This Article responds to …
The Use Of Hiring Preferences By Alaska Native Corporations After Malabed V. North Slope Borough, James P. Mills
The Use Of Hiring Preferences By Alaska Native Corporations After Malabed V. North Slope Borough, James P. Mills
Seattle University Law Review
This article argues that Native corporations can provide employment preferences for Alaska Natives, so long as they are appropriately tailored to provide employment preferences to that corporation's shareholders or those closely related to the shareholders. Moreover, a hiring preference based on shareholder status is not a preference based on race and, as such, does not violate Alaska state law.24 But even if the Alaska Supreme Court found that these hiring preferences did violate the state constitution, given the federal government's unique relationship with Native corporations 25 and Congress's clear intent for Native corporations to favor Alaska Natives in their hiring …
Civil Regulatory Jurisdiction Over Fee Simple Tribal Lands: Why Congress Is Not Acting Trustworthy, Yvonne Mattson
Civil Regulatory Jurisdiction Over Fee Simple Tribal Lands: Why Congress Is Not Acting Trustworthy, Yvonne Mattson
Seattle University Law Review
Part II of this Comment provides a background on the trust relationship between the U.S. Congress and Indian tribes, while Part III provides an historical analysis of federal policy and attitudes surrounding tribal sovereignty. Part IV discusses State authority over Indian tribes, while Part V briefly discusses the various forms of tribal property and provides a summary of the importance of the power to zone. Part VI discusses jurisprudence on civil regulatory jurisdiction over Indian tribes, specifically, the way in which the two leading cases, United States v. Montana and Brendale v. Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Nation …
The United States Supreme Court And Indigenous Peoples: Still A Long Way To Go Toward A Therapeutic Role, S. James Anaya
The United States Supreme Court And Indigenous Peoples: Still A Long Way To Go Toward A Therapeutic Role, S. James Anaya
Seattle University Law Review
Although the Court has in many instances ruled in favor of Native Americans, its approach in the multiple cases it has decided involving them could rarely be called therapeutic in the sense that term is used in the Introduction to this issue. The Court's jurisprudence in this area provides perhaps the starkest American example of the appellate judiciary functioning in an antitherapeutic role in the context of majority-minority conflicts. In this brief Article, I will identify particular aspects of the Court's jurisprudence to make this point. Further, I will suggest what is needed in order for the Court to function …
The World Is Their Oyster? Interpreting The Scope Of Native American Off-Reservation Shellfish Rights In Washington State, Jason W. Anderson
The World Is Their Oyster? Interpreting The Scope Of Native American Off-Reservation Shellfish Rights In Washington State, Jason W. Anderson
Seattle University Law Review
This Comment explores the shellfish issue in light of the Stevens Treaties and their historical context, the rules of treaty interpretation, the relevant treaty fishing cases, and the recent court decisions on the shellfish issue. Part II.A explores the magnitude of the debate, the historical background of the case, and identifies the parties involved and their diverging interests. Part II.B describes the traditional methods and rules of treaty interpretation and recognizes their application in this case. Part II.C examines the treaty fishing cases that established much of the precedent that governed the shellfish case. Part II.D outlines the relevant holdings …
When The Bough Breaks: Federal And Washington State Indian Child Welfare Law And Its Application, Kim Laree Schnuelle
When The Bough Breaks: Federal And Washington State Indian Child Welfare Law And Its Application, Kim Laree Schnuelle
Seattle University Law Review
Although removal of any child from his or her family is traumatic, too frequently Indian child removal has been performed with little prior investigation and with an absence of cultural sensitivity. The resulting inequalities in Indian child foster placement and adoption rates led to a recognition of the need for Indian child welfare reform, both on a federal and state level. This Article provides an overview of Indian child welfare issues and addresses both the evolution and nature of Indian child welfare reform. Initially, this Article discusses the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, including the cultural history behind the Act, …
Property Taxation Of Indian Land After County Of Yakima V. Confederated Tribes And Bands Of The Yakima Nation, Robert W. Mcgee
Property Taxation Of Indian Land After County Of Yakima V. Confederated Tribes And Bands Of The Yakima Nation, Robert W. Mcgee
Seattle University Law Review
In 1987, Yakima County, Washington, initiated foreclosure proceedings on properties belonging to the Yakima Indian Nation and its members. The county's foreclosure was precipitated by the property owners' failure to pay past due ad valorem and excise taxes. Despite vigorous arguments by the Yakima Nation, the United States, and the thirty-one Yakima Indian families likely to be rendered homeless by an adverse decision, the United States Supreme Court held in County of Yakima v. Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Nation, that states have the power to impose ad valorem taxes on reservation land owned in fee by …
Two Promises, Two Propositions: The Wheeler-Howard Act As A Reconciliation Of The Indian Law Civil War, Bradley B. Furber
Two Promises, Two Propositions: The Wheeler-Howard Act As A Reconciliation Of The Indian Law Civil War, Bradley B. Furber
Seattle University Law Review
This Article argues that current Supreme Court reasoning concerning the reserved powers of state governments undermines Supreme Court reasoning with respect to the retained powers of tribal governments. This Article also argues that tribal assertions of power over nonmembers constitute "state action" and, as such, should be subject to constitutional due process and equal protection constraints. Third, this Article will apply its thesis by discussing and critiquing a recent Supreme Court decision concerning tribal zoning authority over nonmembers. Fourth, the Article posits an explicit theory concerning tribal governmental powers that is consistent with the legislative history of the Wheeler-Howard Act …
Falling Through The Cracks After Duro V. Reina: A Close Look At A Jurisdictional Failure, Eric B. White
Falling Through The Cracks After Duro V. Reina: A Close Look At A Jurisdictional Failure, Eric B. White
Seattle University Law Review
The decision in Duro v. Reina needlessly creates a jurisdictional gap over nonmember Indians committing minor crimes against other Indians on reservation land and leaves open the very real possibility that neither the federal nor the state governments will move in to fill that gap. A nonmember offender at the Washington festival would simply walk away. To understand how this jurisdictional gap over nonmember Indians needlessly came about and why neither the federal government nor the state governments will step in to exercise jurisdiction, this Note (1) looks at the complex web of law on criminal jurisdiction over Indians; (2) …
Undermining Tribal Land Use Regulatory Authority: Brendale V. Confederated Tribes, Jessica S. Gerrard
Undermining Tribal Land Use Regulatory Authority: Brendale V. Confederated Tribes, Jessica S. Gerrard
Seattle University Law Review
The Allotment Act of 1887 diminished tribal regulatory authority over Indian reservation land use. While the Act provided for alienation of reservation land to non-Indians, it did not terminate the reservation status of alienated land. Hence, a question which repeatedly arises is whether Indians can control land use on non-Indian owned reservation land. This Note traces the historical basis of Indian regulatory authority over non-Indians, examines the Supreme Court's latest decision in Brendale, and then exposes the weaknesses of that decision.
Modern Practice In The Indian Courts , Michael Taylor
Modern Practice In The Indian Courts , Michael Taylor
Seattle University Law Review
This Article is intended to provide a basic overview of Indian court jurisdiction and practice for those affected by the National Farmers Union Insurance Company v. Crow Tribe of Indians decision. Part II discusses, in detail, the National Farmers Union Insurance Company v. Crow Tribe of Indians holding. Part III is an overview of the history, structure, and types of Indian courts. Part IV deals with the complexities of jurisdiction, and Part V, constitutional and civil rights issues in Indian courts. Part VI summarizes the basics of Indian court practice and procedure.
Pacific Northwest Indian Treaty Fishing Rights, Thomas C. Galligan, Jr., Michael T. Reynvaan
Pacific Northwest Indian Treaty Fishing Rights, Thomas C. Galligan, Jr., Michael T. Reynvaan
Seattle University Law Review
This Comment analyzes and discusses this ongoing controversy, focusing on the treaty Indians' history, the background of the treaty negotiations and signings, the principles of construction governing the interpretation of Indian treaties, and the relevant legal precedents. It attempts to construct a coherent approach to the Washington fishing rights controversy emphasizing that the Washington Indians' paramount purpose in these treaties was maintaining the right to fish. Two lower court cases that successfully took account of the Indians' purpose and meaningfully effectuated that purpose in relation to twentieth century developments are Judge Boldt's decision in United States v. Washington (Boldt) and …