Immigration Law Commons^™

The Refugee Act Of 1980: Its Past And Future, David A. Martin

Michigan Journal of International Law

Offered here is a description of the key provisions of the Refugee Act, suggesting why they took the shape they did and outlining the major difficulties that remain in crafting and sustaining effective refugee and asylum policies.

Refugees And Refugee Law In A World In Transition, Atle Grahl-Madsen

Michigan Journal of International Law

In country after country a political polarization is growing, a movement away from the center-to the right and to the left. In states with a less than stable political structure, coups d'etat and strongmen are commonplace. International law is broken as a matter of convenience. The media are filled with news of interventions, aggressions, even warfare. Human rights are frequently trodden under foot. And we are faced with a rising wave of xenophobia.

Refugee Resettlement In The United States: The Role Of The Voluntary Agencies, Norman L. Zucker

Michigan Journal of International Law

Statistics on refugee resettlement in the United States are obsolete as soon as they are published. What does remain current and constant, however, is that there is a global refugee crisis. The numbers of refugees in the world are not likely to diminish, and indeed, given the vagaries of international politics, the world's refugee population is likely to increase. As a major world power the United States has had to evolve a refugee policy. This policy operates on two levels: on the foreign level there has been an attempt to provide for the regional and international resettlement of refugees and …

Deportation And The Refugee, Elwin Griffith

Michigan Journal of International Law

Long ago when it was unnecessary to restrict the number of aliens entering the United States, there was little distinction between refugees and other immigrants. Both groups shared similar motivations and problems. Some immigrated solely for economic reasons, while others sought new horizons because of political or religious persecution at home. In the main, though, the desire to immigrate was nurtured by the yearning for a better life.

Federal Funding Of United States Refugee Resettlement Before And After The Refugee Act Of 1980, James A. Elgass

Michigan Journal of International Law

This note begins with an examination of the problems of establishing, funding, and terminating previous resettlement programs involving Cuban and Indochinese refugees. These programs were limited to assisting refugees from specific geographic areas. Each refugee influx called for new legislation, and "new" programs frequently lingered on beyond their useful lives. Uncertainty about the timing of their eventual phaseout left state and local administrators unable to plan for a smooth transition following the termination of federal funding.

Entry And Exclusion Of Refugees: The Obligations Of States And The Protection Function Of The Office Of The United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees, Guy S. Goodwin-Gill

Michigan Journal of International Law

Refugee problems today tend to have one factor in common-the huge numbers of people involved. But whether it is a case of one or of a mass of individuals, each arriving asylum seeker represents a challenge to established principles of state sovereignty. International jurists once wrote of the free movement of persons between nations, unhampered by passport and visa control. Since the late nineteenth century, however, the principle most widely accepted has been that each state retains exclusive control- an absolute discretion- over the admission to its territory of foreign nationals, refugees or not. Although in practice many countries concede …

Between Sovereigns: A Reexamination Of The Refugee's Status, Stephen B. Young

Michigan Journal of International Law

A refugee leaves the country of his or her national origin because the political community will not or can no longer vouchsafe the refugee's life, liberty, or peace of mind. In many cases, the sovereign of national origin actively and coercively deprives the refugee of those basic components of human dignity. By taking flight, refugees enter a precarious realm between sovereigns. They may no longer rely upon the solicitude of their native sovereign, yet international law gives them no effective replacement for that power. They gain neither a right to asylum in other countries nor one to the assumption of …

Appendix Iii, Michigan Journal Of International Law

Michigan Journal of International Law

In this section: • Review of Foreign Laws

Appendix Iv, Michigan Journal Of International Law

Michigan Journal of International Law

In this section: • Selected Works on the Rights and Status of Refugees Under United States and International Law, 1960-1980

The Development Of Refugee Law, Paul Weis

Michigan Journal of International Law

In customary international law, nationality provides the principal link between the individual and the law of nations. Refugees are commonly understood to be persons who have been compelled to leave their homes on account of natural catastrophes or because of political events; they may be inside or outside their country of origin. Refugees may be stateless or not; most present-day refugees are not stateless. Only international political refugees-persons who are outside their country of origin for political reasons-are discussed in this article, an overview of sources of refugee law, and a preface to the articles in this volume which take …

Appendix Ii, Michigan Journal Of International Law

Michigan Journal of International Law

In this section: • Review of United States Law

Significant Refugee Crises Since World War Ii And The Response Of The International Community, James L. Carlin

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article analyzes some of the significant post-World War II refugee crises and describes in summary how the international community responded to each. Overpopulation, legal and illegal migration, and repatriation of thousands of colonials have had a negative influence on public opinion with respect to rescuing and assisting refugees. Yet today the refugee problem and the attendant human suffering is growing. There are serious apprehensions about the mounting costs and the ability of those concerned to cope. The international machinery is stretched; inflation and unemployment in the industrialized world have further complicated the search for solutions. Present and future refugee …

Special Problems Of Custody For Unaccompanied Refugee Children In The United States, Ellen J. Durkee

Michigan Journal of International Law

Part I of this note provides an overview of federal legislation regarding admissions of unaccompanied refugee children. Part II describes various obstacles to a smooth transition from the child's admission into the United States to his or her placement by a state court with a permanent legal custodian who ensures that the child receives care and supervision. Problems in this area frequently result from uncertainties regarding long-term financial responsibility for the child. Also common are procedural difficulties in introducing unaccompanied refugee children into state child welfare systems. Part III then focuses on conflicts arising after the child's placement, when the …

Legal Rights Of Refugees: Two Case Studies And Some Proposals For A Strategy, Steven M. Schneebaum

Michigan Journal of International Law

In a recent decision of far-reaching implications, Filartiga v. Pena-Irala, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit not only identified one such right, but provided invaluable guidance as to how the broader question is to be addressed. This essay offers an analysis of the decision in Filarh'a, as well as a case presenting intriguing points of comparison, Tran Qui Than v. Blumenthal. It then proposes several generalizations concerning the identification of legal rights of refugees, suggesting a strategy for their enforcement, the upshot of which is this: creative marshalling and invocation of rights well …

Appendix I, Michigan Journal Of International Law

Michigan Journal of International Law

In this section: • Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees • Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees • Statute of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees • OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa • A List of Other International Instruments Concerning Refugees

The Right Of Undocumented Aliens Against Their Employers, Floyd G. Cottrell

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Undocumented aliens who seek to enforce their rights against their employer in state court will often face deportation. An undocumented alien is vulnerable to discriminatory treatment in the workplace, and abusive employment practices, which may often incentivize employers to hire undocumented aliens. This Note exams the legal issues surrounding the employment of undocumented aliens. In particular, the validity of state regulation is examined in light of the rights guaranteed to undocumented aliens under the fourteenth amendment to the United States Constitution, granting due process. The author argues that state welfare benefits should not be denied to undocumented aliens, nor should …

Declaratory Judgments In Texas - Mandatory Or Discretionary., Robert W. Calvert

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Offensive Collateral Estoppel And Products Liability: Reasoning The Unreasonable., Kurt Erlenbach

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Neither Conservation Amendment Nor Police Power Of State Justifies The Taking Of Vested Riparian Rights Without Compensation Under Texas Water Rights Adjudicated Act Of 1967., Janet M. Drewry

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Nordic Refugee Law And Policy, Göran Melander

Michigan Journal of International Law

Since the end of World War II, the Nordic states have shown an interest in refugee policy and have taken part in work on behalf of refugees through various international organizations. In the 1940s and the 1950s, when Western Europe was faced with a huge refugee problem, the Nordic states shared the burden with countries of first asylum in Central Europe by admitting refugees for permanent resettlement. In the 1960s and 1970s, when other continents were confronted with refugee problems, the Nordic states also generously contributed material assistance to refugees resettled in neighboring countries. In 1979, for instance, the Nordic …

The Impact Of U.S. Control Of Foreign Assets On Refugees And Expatriates, Michael P. Malloy

Michigan Journal of International Law

The U.S. Treasury Department has the responsibility of administering several emergency-related programs that affect the property of certain countries (and usually the nationals thereof) designated by its regulations, where the property, or the persons dealing with the property, are subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. These so-called "embargo controls" consist of trade sanctions (i.e., an "embargo" in the narrow sense of the term) and prohibitions on transactions involving assets in which the designated country or its nationals have any interest. These prohibitions, known collectively as a "blocking" of assets, have an impact on refugees and expatriates, …

The Individual Right To Asylum Under Article 3 Of The European Convention On Human Rights, David Scott Nance

Michigan Journal of International Law

International law does not recognize an individual right to be granted asylum. The emergence of a variant of such a right under the European Convention on Human Rights, albeit under limited conditions, therefore marks a major departure from customary law, a departure particularly noteworthy given that the parties to the Convention represent some of the most advanced legal systems in the world. The recognition of a right to asylum not only establishes a valuable precedent, but also has a direct impact on the status of refugees in Europe. Although no right of entry is provided, aliens already in countries of …

Case Digest, Journal Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION EXISTS IN CASES STEMMING FROM BOAT COLLISIONS ON NAVIGABLE WATERS REGARDLESS OF THE COMMERCIAL OR NONCOMMERCIAL NATURE OF THE VESSELS INVOLVED--Foremost Insurance Co. v. Richardson, 102 S. Ct. 2654 (1982).

-------------------

SHIPOWNER MAY ATTACH CHARACTER'S PROPERTY AS SECURITY FOR BREACH OF A CHARTER CONTAINING A FORUM SELECTION CLAUSE--Polar Shipping, Ltd. v. Oriental Shipping Corp., 680 F.2d 627 (9th Cir. 1982).

--------------------

WORKER EMPLOYED ABOARD AN OFFSHORE DRILLING PLATFORM MAY BRING A CLAIM UNDER MARITIME TORT LAW FOR WRONGFUL DISCHARGE--Roberie v. Gulf Oil Corp., No. 820013 (W.D. La.Aug. 4, 1982)

---------------------

THE IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION ACT DOES NOT APPLY …

A Comparison Between The Constitutional Protections Against The Imposition Of Involuntary Expatriation And A Taxpayer's Right To Disclaim Citizenship, Terri R. Reicher

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

This Note examines both sides of the coin: the constitutional protections given the individual fighting to retain his citizenship will be compared with the burdens, particularly the tax consequences, imposed on individuals wanting to relinquish citizenship. Section II examines the classic constitutionally-based expatriation material. It discusses the legislative history of expatriation law, including the 1978 amendments to the INA, reviews the major expatriation case law, and concludes with an analysis of Vance v. Terrazas, the most recent Supreme Court pronouncement on the nature of the "voluntary" conduct required to constitute expatriation. Section III deals with the tax aspects of expatriation. …

Recent Decisions, Robert C. Goodrich, Jr., Christopher Q. King, Jay D. Grushkin

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Recent Decisions

Jurisdiction and Procedure - Forum non Conveniens--The Foreign Plaintiff is Entitled to Less Deference in His Choice of Forum than is a Citizen or Resident Plaintiff; A Change of Law Resulting from Dismissal is Not a Substantial Factor in the Forum non Conveniens Analysis.

Robert Charles Goodrich, Jr.

==============================

ALIENS--Exclusion of Aliens from State Probation Officer Position is not Unconstitutional because it Falls Within the Political Function Exception

Christopher Qualley King

==============================

SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY--Ship Owning Corporation's Contacts with United States are Sufficient to Extend Jurisdiction over Action for Damages involving Maritime Collision: Financial Effect on a United States …

Civil Procedure - In Personam Jurisdiction - In Personam Jurisdiction May Be Exercised Over A Foreign Corporation Which Has Engaged In Continuous And Substantial Business Transactions In Texas For Cuases Of Action Unrelated To Those Transactions., David H. Brock

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Bona Fide Seniority Systems Adopted Before And After Civil Rights Act Of 1964 Are Immune From Attack Unless Result Of Intention To Discriminate., Diane M. Weidert

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Overview: Plea Bargaining In Texas., Phillip R. Spicer Jr.

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Sixth Amendment Right To Speedy Trial Does Not Apply During Interim Between Dismissal Of Charges And Subsequent Indictment By Same Sovereign., Nancy Nowlin Kerr

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Panel Discussion On Emigration And Immigration Law, John A. Scanlan, Barry R. Chiswick, Rudolph W. Giuliani, James J. Orlow, Michael H. Posner, Alan C. Swan

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.