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Articles 241 - 270 of 292
Full-Text Articles in Immigration Law
Appendix Iv, Michigan Journal Of International Law
Appendix Iv, Michigan Journal Of International Law
Michigan Journal of International Law
In this section: • Selected Works on the Rights and Status of Refugees Under United States and International Law, 1960-1980
The Development Of Refugee Law, Paul Weis
The Development Of Refugee Law, Paul Weis
Michigan Journal of International Law
In customary international law, nationality provides the principal link between the individual and the law of nations. Refugees are commonly understood to be persons who have been compelled to leave their homes on account of natural catastrophes or because of political events; they may be inside or outside their country of origin. Refugees may be stateless or not; most present-day refugees are not stateless. Only international political refugees-persons who are outside their country of origin for political reasons-are discussed in this article, an overview of sources of refugee law, and a preface to the articles in this volume which take …
Appendix Ii, Michigan Journal Of International Law
Appendix Ii, Michigan Journal Of International Law
Michigan Journal of International Law
In this section: • Review of United States Law
Significant Refugee Crises Since World War Ii And The Response Of The International Community, James L. Carlin
Significant Refugee Crises Since World War Ii And The Response Of The International Community, James L. Carlin
Michigan Journal of International Law
This article analyzes some of the significant post-World War II refugee crises and describes in summary how the international community responded to each. Overpopulation, legal and illegal migration, and repatriation of thousands of colonials have had a negative influence on public opinion with respect to rescuing and assisting refugees. Yet today the refugee problem and the attendant human suffering is growing. There are serious apprehensions about the mounting costs and the ability of those concerned to cope. The international machinery is stretched; inflation and unemployment in the industrialized world have further complicated the search for solutions. Present and future refugee …
Special Problems Of Custody For Unaccompanied Refugee Children In The United States, Ellen J. Durkee
Special Problems Of Custody For Unaccompanied Refugee Children In The United States, Ellen J. Durkee
Michigan Journal of International Law
Part I of this note provides an overview of federal legislation regarding admissions of unaccompanied refugee children. Part II describes various obstacles to a smooth transition from the child's admission into the United States to his or her placement by a state court with a permanent legal custodian who ensures that the child receives care and supervision. Problems in this area frequently result from uncertainties regarding long-term financial responsibility for the child. Also common are procedural difficulties in introducing unaccompanied refugee children into state child welfare systems. Part III then focuses on conflicts arising after the child's placement, when the …
Legal Rights Of Refugees: Two Case Studies And Some Proposals For A Strategy, Steven M. Schneebaum
Legal Rights Of Refugees: Two Case Studies And Some Proposals For A Strategy, Steven M. Schneebaum
Michigan Journal of International Law
In a recent decision of far-reaching implications, Filartiga v. Pena-Irala, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit not only identified one such right, but provided invaluable guidance as to how the broader question is to be addressed. This essay offers an analysis of the decision in Filarh'a, as well as a case presenting intriguing points of comparison, Tran Qui Than v. Blumenthal. It then proposes several generalizations concerning the identification of legal rights of refugees, suggesting a strategy for their enforcement, the upshot of which is this: creative marshalling and invocation of rights well …
Appendix I, Michigan Journal Of International Law
Appendix I, Michigan Journal Of International Law
Michigan Journal of International Law
In this section: • Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees • Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees • Statute of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees • OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa • A List of Other International Instruments Concerning Refugees
Nordic Refugee Law And Policy, Göran Melander
Nordic Refugee Law And Policy, Göran Melander
Michigan Journal of International Law
Since the end of World War II, the Nordic states have shown an interest in refugee policy and have taken part in work on behalf of refugees through various international organizations. In the 1940s and the 1950s, when Western Europe was faced with a huge refugee problem, the Nordic states shared the burden with countries of first asylum in Central Europe by admitting refugees for permanent resettlement. In the 1960s and 1970s, when other continents were confronted with refugee problems, the Nordic states also generously contributed material assistance to refugees resettled in neighboring countries. In 1979, for instance, the Nordic …
The Impact Of U.S. Control Of Foreign Assets On Refugees And Expatriates, Michael P. Malloy
The Impact Of U.S. Control Of Foreign Assets On Refugees And Expatriates, Michael P. Malloy
Michigan Journal of International Law
The U.S. Treasury Department has the responsibility of administering several emergency-related programs that affect the property of certain countries (and usually the nationals thereof) designated by its regulations, where the property, or the persons dealing with the property, are subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. These so-called "embargo controls" consist of trade sanctions (i.e., an "embargo" in the narrow sense of the term) and prohibitions on transactions involving assets in which the designated country or its nationals have any interest. These prohibitions, known collectively as a "blocking" of assets, have an impact on refugees and expatriates, …
The Individual Right To Asylum Under Article 3 Of The European Convention On Human Rights, David Scott Nance
The Individual Right To Asylum Under Article 3 Of The European Convention On Human Rights, David Scott Nance
Michigan Journal of International Law
International law does not recognize an individual right to be granted asylum. The emergence of a variant of such a right under the European Convention on Human Rights, albeit under limited conditions, therefore marks a major departure from customary law, a departure particularly noteworthy given that the parties to the Convention represent some of the most advanced legal systems in the world. The recognition of a right to asylum not only establishes a valuable precedent, but also has a direct impact on the status of refugees in Europe. Although no right of entry is provided, aliens already in countries of …
Aliens And Equal Protection: Why Not The Right To Vote?, Gerald M. Rosberg
Aliens And Equal Protection: Why Not The Right To Vote?, Gerald M. Rosberg
Michigan Law Review
A constitutional right of at least some aliens to vote does not seem to me at all unthinkable. Throughout much of the nineteenth century and part of the twentieth, aliens enjoyed the right to vote in a great many states. The states that extended the franchise to aliens plainly did not believe that they were acting under constitutional compulsion. But given our present understanding of the mission of the equal protection clause, much can now be said in defense of such a constitutional right. My purpose here is to outline the case that might be made for the right of …
The Schneiderman Case: An Inside View Of The Roosevelt Court, Jeffrey F. Liss
The Schneiderman Case: An Inside View Of The Roosevelt Court, Jeffrey F. Liss
Michigan Law Review
Only rarely in the study of Supreme Court history do events, personalities, records, and historical sources converge to afford an intimate view of that institution. Schneiderman v. United States, in its own right an important decision in the field of denaturalization law, provides such an opportunity. The manuscript collections of the major adversaries on the Court are well-preserved, and a surviving major figure from among the parties to ·the litigation has provided personal insight into the intricacies of the case.
Immigration And Naturalization-Suspension Of Deportation- A Look At A Benevolent Aspect Of The Mccarran-Walter Act, Kenneth W. Graham Jr., S.Ed.
Immigration And Naturalization-Suspension Of Deportation- A Look At A Benevolent Aspect Of The Mccarran-Walter Act, Kenneth W. Graham Jr., S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
This comment proposes to look, for a change, at one of the ameliorative portions of the act, the provisions which allow suspension of deportation for certain deserving aliens. This section of the statute is not only unusual in its solicitude for the foreign-born and their families but is also effectuated by a peculiar interaction of the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government. Before considering the substantive law governing suspension of deportation, it is appropriate to look at the procedural aspects involved in applying the raw statutory language.
Aliens - Denaturalization - Requirement That The Governmnet Be Deceived In Naturalization Proceeding As Basis For Denaturalization, Charles B. Renfrew S.Ed.
Aliens - Denaturalization - Requirement That The Governmnet Be Deceived In Naturalization Proceeding As Basis For Denaturalization, Charles B. Renfrew S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant Umberto Anastasio, arrived in this country as a deserting seaman in 1917. A certificate of registry was granted in 1931 upon the fraudulent allegation in his application and testimony before an immigration inspector that he had never been arrested. After filing other papers necessary for naturalization, defendant was issued a certificate of arrival in 1933 based on the certificate of registry. Before obtaining citizenship, however, defendant executed an affidavit which revealed his criminal record and filed a consent of dismissal of his petition for naturalization in 1935. In 1942, while in the United States Army, defendant applied for naturalization …
Constitutional Law - Deportation - Use Of Confidential Information In Denial Of Discretionary Relief, George F. Lynch
Constitutional Law - Deportation - Use Of Confidential Information In Denial Of Discretionary Relief, George F. Lynch
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiffs, husband and wife, were deportable aliens. At deportation hearings the plaintiffs asked the attorney general to grant discretionary suspension of deportation under section 19 (c) of the Immigration Act of 1917, as amended, which provided in part: "In the case of any alien ... who is deportable ... and who has proved good moral character for the preceeding five years, the attorney general may ... (2) suspend deportation ... if he finds (a) that such deportation would result in serious economic detriment to a citizen .... " Plaintiffs had three children who were all American citizens. The hearing officer …
Federal Procedure - Venue - Right Of Alien Under Diversity Of Citizenship Clause Of 28 U.S.C. § 1391 (A), Richard M. Adams
Federal Procedure - Venue - Right Of Alien Under Diversity Of Citizenship Clause Of 28 U.S.C. § 1391 (A), Richard M. Adams
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a citizen of France and resident of New York City, sought a declaratory judgment and restraining order against several defendants residing in different states. On the theory that a suit involving a citizen of France and citizens of the United States constituted "diversity of citizenship" under 28 U.S.C. § 1391 (a), and therefore could be brought where all of the plaintiffs or all of the defendants resided, the action was laid in the federal district court of New York where the plaintiff resided. Defendant moved for dismissal on the ground that this was "alienage," not "diversity of citizenship" as …
Aliens - Naturalization - Netural Aliens Who Sought Relief From Military Service Barred From Becoming United States Citizens, John Houck S.Ed.
Aliens - Naturalization - Netural Aliens Who Sought Relief From Military Service Barred From Becoming United States Citizens, John Houck S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
During World War II, an alien who was a citizen or a subject of a neutral country was allowed to escape service in the armed forces of the United States by signing Selective Service Form DSS 301. A release thus obtained carried with it a disability ever to become a citizen of the United States. A substantial number of neutral aliens availed themselves of this relief from military service. Today, the courts are faced with the problem of whether signing Form 301 shall in every case prevent the alien from becoming a citizen. It is the purpose of this comment …
Constitutional Law-Aliens-Power To Exclude And Deny Hearing, Lois H. Hambro S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Aliens-Power To Exclude And Deny Hearing, Lois H. Hambro S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In two similar cases, petitioners sought a writ of habeas corpus from federal district courts in order to obtain release from federal immigration authorities. Both were aliens who had been lawful permanent residents at the time they left the country. Mezei had allegedly gone abroad to visit his dying mother, and his return to the United States had been delayed by difficulty in securing an exit permit. Kwong Hai Chew had left the country to sail aboard a vessel of American registry, prior to which he had been screened by the United States Coast Guard. He had also served in …
Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Validity Of State Restraints On Alien Ownership Of Land, Alfred W. Blumrosen S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Validity Of State Restraints On Alien Ownership Of Land, Alfred W. Blumrosen S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In the short period of five years, action on three governmental fronts has solved one problem of state legislation which seemed to violate a basic premise of the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Congress, the Supreme Court and the courts of last resort of two states have acted to destroy the effectiveness of state laws which prohibited ownership of land by aliens ineligible for citizenship. These laws incorporated whatever classification Congress established for naturalization purposes into state statutes determining rights to own land. This process has resulted in recent years in discrimination against Orientals, particularly Japanese. The purpose …
Whom We Shall Welcome: Report Of The President's Commission On Immigration And Naturalization., Richard D. Rohr S.Ed.
Whom We Shall Welcome: Report Of The President's Commission On Immigration And Naturalization., Richard D. Rohr S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
A Review of WHOM WE SHALL WELCOME: REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION. Washington, D.C.: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.
Citizenship-Expatriation-Distinction Between Naturalized And Natural Born Citizens, Gordon I. Ginsberg S.Ed.
Citizenship-Expatriation-Distinction Between Naturalized And Natural Born Citizens, Gordon I. Ginsberg S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff's father, a native of Germany, was naturalized in the United States in 1896. In 1901, he returned to Germany with his American wife, and plaintiff was born in that country in 1905. Plaintiff made occasional visits to the United States, but was at all times domiciled in Germany. He served in the German army during World War II. In 1947, upon refusal of his application for a passport as a citizen of the United States, he came to this country on a temporary visa and brought a declaratory judgment action for adjudication that he was a citizen. The trial …
International Law-Effect Of Philippine Independence On Filipino Citizens Resident In The United States, Donald S. Leeper S.Ed.
International Law-Effect Of Philippine Independence On Filipino Citizens Resident In The United States, Donald S. Leeper S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Appellant was born in the Philippine Islands in 1910 and lawfully entered the Territory of Hawaii in 1930, where he has resided ever since. In 1949 appellant applied for the issuance of a United States passport. Application was denied on the ground that the appellant became an alien under the Presidential Proclamation of Philippine Independence of July 4, 1946, and hence was not entitled to a passport. Appellant petitioned to have his status declared to be that of a national of the United States. This was resisted on the ground that the intention of the United States Government was to …
Citizenship-Intent Required For Expatriation, Willis B. Snell S. Ed.
Citizenship-Intent Required For Expatriation, Willis B. Snell S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In recent years, many cases have involved the question whether an American citizen has expatriated himself by his actions. Expatriation in the United States is now covered by statute, but the courts, in construing these statutes, have faced a recurrent problem as to what intent on the part of the citizen is required to effect expatriation. To interpret the present doctrine, it is necessary to examine the history of expatriation, the statutes, and the various situations in which the question of intent has arisen.
Naturalization-Statutory Construction, George Brody S.Ed.
Naturalization-Statutory Construction, George Brody S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Appellee, a native of Canada, filed his petition for naturalization. In his application he stated that he understood the principles of the government of the United States and was willing to take the prescribed oath of allegiance to this country. To the question in the application "If necessary are you willing to take up arms in defense of this country?" he replied, "No, (non-combatant) Seventh Day Adventist." He explained this answer before the examiner by saying, "It is a purely religious matter with me, I have no political or personal reasons. other than that." The district court admitted him to …
Aliens - Naturalization - Refusal To Bear Arms, David N. Mills
Aliens - Naturalization - Refusal To Bear Arms, David N. Mills
Michigan Law Review
In applying for citizenship, petitioner, a licensed missionary in the denomination of Seventh Day Adventists, was unwilling to promise to bear arms, on the ground that she was a noncombatant. Petitioner was not a pacifist or conscientious objector and would gladly do any war work in an army camp except that involving the use of a weapon. Held, that application for naturalization must be denied for failure to take the oath of allegiance in the form prescribed by law. The court expressed its desire to grant citizenship, but declared itself bound by stare decisis. In re Losey, (D. …
Expatriation Of American Minors, Lester B. Orfield
Expatriation Of American Minors, Lester B. Orfield
Michigan Law Review
The United States Supreme Court in May, 1939, handed down a vitally significant decision on the expatriation of American minors. Prior to that date, one was forced to deduce the law from conflicting decisions of the lower federal courts and of state courts, rulings by the departments of state, labor, and justice, and views of writers. This, therefore, seems an appropriate time at which to discuss the problems which have been raised and the solutions which have been offered.
Aliens - Deportation - Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude, John H. Uhl
Aliens - Deportation - Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude, John H. Uhl
Michigan Law Review
The petitioner in this case was an alien who had been convicted of smuggling into and concealing within the United States illegally imported alcohol. He was sentenced to serve a year and a day in a federal penitentiary. Upon his release, he was arrested and ordered deported under the Immigration Act of 1917, as an alien who after February 5, 1917 was sentenced to imprisonment for a term of more than a year because of conviction in this country of a crime involving moral turpitude, committed within five years after his entry to the United States. Petitioner seeks release on …
Aliens - Deportation - Statutory Construction, William K. Jackson
Aliens - Deportation - Statutory Construction, William K. Jackson
Michigan Law Review
The petitioner was held for deportation under a statute requiring deportation of any alien who at any time after entering the United States is found to have been at the time of entry or to have become thereafter a member of any one of previously enumerated classes of aliens who may be excluded. The circuit court of appeals in denying deportation based its decision on the fact that the evidence was insufficient, since it was not proven that the Communist Party was an organization that believes in or advocates the overthrow by force or violence of the government of the …
Recent Developments In The Deportation Process, Reuben Oppenheimer
Recent Developments In The Deportation Process, Reuben Oppenheimer
Michigan Law Review
The process under which the United States, through the Department of Labor, deports aliens found to be unlawfully in this country is one of the oldest in American administrative law. It is also one of the most interesting, for this process deals almost entirely with persons as contrasted with property, and its development has been largely unimpeded by court decisions.
International Law-Expatriation-Citizenship Of Child Lost By Removal And Expatriation Of Father
International Law-Expatriation-Citizenship Of Child Lost By Removal And Expatriation Of Father
Michigan Law Review
Petitioner, a native-born American woman, was taken to Canada by her father who became naturalized there while she was still a minor. Petitioner later married a British subject and seeks naturalization here under a statute authorizing this to American women who have lost their citizenship through marriage to an alien. A treaty in force between the United States and Great Britain provided that persons naturalized according to Canadian law should lose American citizenship. The Canadian statute provided that if the father became naturalized, his minor children should, "within Canada," be deemed Canadian subjects. Held, that petitioner had not lost her …