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Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

Articles 151 - 180 of 340

Full-Text Articles in Human Rights Law

Dignity And Discrimination In Sexual Harassment Law: A French Case Study, L. Camille Hébert Mar 2019

Dignity And Discrimination In Sexual Harassment Law: A French Case Study, L. Camille Hébert

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

In 2012, France adopted new prohibitions on sexual harassment into its Labor and Penal Codes. That enactment, which significantly broadened the definition of actionable harassment, was based on a model of harassment law that defines sexual harassment as a form of discrimination, while the French have traditionally conceived of sexual harassment as a form of sexual violence. Cases decided under the new prohibitions, as well as additional legislation adopted in France in 2016 and 2018, the latter prompted by France’s “#MeToo” movement, suggest that the French are beginning to perceive sexual harassment as implicating issues of both dignity and equality …


“Just When I Thought I Was Out . . . .”: Post-Employment Repayment Obligations, Stuart Lichten, Eric M. Fink Mar 2019

“Just When I Thought I Was Out . . . .”: Post-Employment Repayment Obligations, Stuart Lichten, Eric M. Fink

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

The common law doctrine of “employment at will” has dominated U.S. employment law for over a century. Pursuant to this concept, an employer may discharge an employee at any time for any reason, or for no reason at all. An employee may similarly resign at any time for any reason, or for no reason at all. Despite the rule’s facial even-handedness, it operates against the background of “the deeply rooted conception of the employment relation as a dominant-servient relation rather than one of mutual rights and obligations.” Within that relationship, “the employer [has] the right to impose any requirement on …


The New-Breed, “Die-Hard” Chinese Lawyer: A Comparison With American Civil Rights Cause Lawyers, James E. Moliterno, Rongjie Lan Mar 2019

The New-Breed, “Die-Hard” Chinese Lawyer: A Comparison With American Civil Rights Cause Lawyers, James E. Moliterno, Rongjie Lan

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

In times of social upheaval, lawyers can mark the way toward social change. In particular, when lawyers become more aggressive than traditional lawyers in the cause of fighting injustice, they face backlash from multiple sources, including government and their own profession. Such was the case during the U.S. civil rights movement. Unusually aggressive behavior by cause lawyers was met with hostility from their own profession and from government action. Those lawyers, while battered at times with physical violence, bar ethics charges, contempt of court, and state hostility, survived and changed social conditions at the same time they altered the culture …


Cycles Of Failure: The War On Family, The War On Drugs, And The War On Schools Through Hbo’S The Wire, Zachary E. Shapiro, Elizabeth Curran, Rachel C.K. Hutchinson Mar 2019

Cycles Of Failure: The War On Family, The War On Drugs, And The War On Schools Through Hbo’S The Wire, Zachary E. Shapiro, Elizabeth Curran, Rachel C.K. Hutchinson

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

Freamon, Bodie, and Zenobia’s statements cut straight to the heart of The Wire’s overarching theme: Individuals are trapped in a complex “cycle of harm” where social problems of inequality, crime, and violence are constantly reinforced. The Wire was a television drama that ran on HBO from 2002 through 2008, created by David Simon. The show focuses on the narcotics scene in Baltimore through the perspective of different stakeholders and residents of the city. The Wire highlights how self-perpetuating, interconnected, and broken social institutions act in concert to limit individual opportunity. These institutions squash attempts at reform by punishing good ideas …


Bytes Bite: Why Corporate Data Breaches Should Give Standing To Affected Individuals, Caden Hayes Mar 2019

Bytes Bite: Why Corporate Data Breaches Should Give Standing To Affected Individuals, Caden Hayes

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

High-profile data hacks are not uncommon. In fact, according to the Privacy Rights Clearinghouse, there have been at least 7,961 data breaches, exposing over 10,000,000,000 accounts in total, since 2005. These shocking numbers are not particularly surprising when taking into account the value of information stolen. For example, cell phone numbers, as exposed in a Yahoo! hack, are worth $10 a piece on the black market, meaning the hackers stood to make $30,000,000,000 from that one hack. That dollar amount does not even consider copies the hackers could make and later resell. Yet while these hackers make astronomical payoffs, the …


Healthtech: How Blockchain Can Simplify Healthcare Compliance, Kathryn M. Bennett Mar 2019

Healthtech: How Blockchain Can Simplify Healthcare Compliance, Kathryn M. Bennett

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

This Note broadly explores solutions to modern-day accessibility and security problems latent in electronic health records. Specifically, this Note discusses HIPAA and HITECH, the current law in place, and how blockchain technology can be used to fix the accessibility and security problems of current electronic health records. This Note proposes that blockchain technology can help a healthcare industry struggling to adhere to the current rule of law in an era of Big Data. Further, Blockchain technology can help individual consumers, particularly those with significant health issues, obtain the best possible medical care while simultaneously keeping their private and sensitive information …


Punishing Poverty: Robinson & The Criminal Cash Bond System, Lauren Bennett Mar 2019

Punishing Poverty: Robinson & The Criminal Cash Bond System, Lauren Bennett

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

The current cash bail system works in a way that punishes poverty. In Robinson v. California, the Supreme Court held that it is unconstitutional under the Eighth Amendment to punish an individual for a status or condition. Poverty is a status. The cash bail system is unconstitutional under Robinson and the Eighth Amendment because it punishes the status of poverty. Similar to drug addiction, poverty “may be contracted innocently or involuntarily or it might even take hold from the moment of a person’s birth.” Kalief Browder had no control over his family’s financial position. Yet, this financial position kept him …


Dogs Of War Get A New Lease On Life: Why The Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act Violates The Eighth Amendment In Light Of United States V. Slatten, Michael D. Stinnett-Kassoff Mar 2019

Dogs Of War Get A New Lease On Life: Why The Military Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Act Violates The Eighth Amendment In Light Of United States V. Slatten, Michael D. Stinnett-Kassoff

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

The United States has relied on Private Military Firms (PMFs) extensively to carry out its numerous overseas military missions since the end of the Cold War. Civilians and contractors have always had a place in American wars, even during the American Revolution and beyond. But the recent American incursions into Afghanistan and Iraq brought an unprecedented number of private contractors into the forefront of these conflict zones, the discussions surrounding them, and the legal questions arising from their ashes. Particularly, private contractors in Iraq seemed to be operating in a legal grey area—they clearly were not soldiers, and they clearly …


Out Of The “Serbonian Bog” Surrounding Government Acquisition Of Third-Party Cell Site Location Information: “Get A Warrant”, Glenn Williams Sep 2018

Out Of The “Serbonian Bog” Surrounding Government Acquisition Of Third-Party Cell Site Location Information: “Get A Warrant”, Glenn Williams

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


The Land Of The Free?: The Allow Act And Economic Liberty From Occupational Licensing, Erica Sieg Sep 2018

The Land Of The Free?: The Allow Act And Economic Liberty From Occupational Licensing, Erica Sieg

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Editor's Note, Erica Seig Sep 2018

Editor's Note, Erica Seig

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Masthead Apr 2018

Masthead

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Table Of Contents Apr 2018

Table Of Contents

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Editor's Note, Erica Sieg Apr 2018

Editor's Note, Erica Sieg

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Forward, Joan M. Shaughnessy Apr 2018

Forward, Joan M. Shaughnessy

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Information And The Regulatory Landscape: A Growing Need To Reconsider Existing Legal Frameworks, Anjanette H. Raymond Apr 2018

Information And The Regulatory Landscape: A Growing Need To Reconsider Existing Legal Frameworks, Anjanette H. Raymond

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Savior Siblings In The United States: Ethical Conundrums, Legal And Regulatory Void, Zachary E. Shapiro Apr 2018

Savior Siblings In The United States: Ethical Conundrums, Legal And Regulatory Void, Zachary E. Shapiro

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


The Burden Of A Good Idea: Examining The Impact Of Unfunded Federal Regulatory Mandates On Medicare Participating Hospitals, Rachel J. Suddarth Apr 2018

The Burden Of A Good Idea: Examining The Impact Of Unfunded Federal Regulatory Mandates On Medicare Participating Hospitals, Rachel J. Suddarth

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Contraception Matters: Rights, Class, And Context, Naomi Cahn Apr 2018

Contraception Matters: Rights, Class, And Context, Naomi Cahn

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


I Pledge Allegiance To The Party: Reclaiming The Associational Rights Of Independent Voters In Open Primaries, C. Alan Carrillo Apr 2018

I Pledge Allegiance To The Party: Reclaiming The Associational Rights Of Independent Voters In Open Primaries, C. Alan Carrillo

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


What Is Life? Geriatric Release And The Conflicting Definitions Of “Meaningful Opportunity For Release”, Anthony Gunst Apr 2018

What Is Life? Geriatric Release And The Conflicting Definitions Of “Meaningful Opportunity For Release”, Anthony Gunst

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Battle Of The Backlog: How Congressional Inaction Threatens The Integrity Of Medicare, Joshua M. Kaplan Apr 2018

Battle Of The Backlog: How Congressional Inaction Threatens The Integrity Of Medicare, Joshua M. Kaplan

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Masthead And Front Matter Sep 2017

Masthead And Front Matter

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Table Of Contents Sep 2017

Table Of Contents

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


A Blueprint For A Fairer Aba Standard For Judging Law Graduates’ Competence: How A Standard Based On Students’ Scores In Relation To The National Mean Mbe Score Properly Balances Consumer Safety With Increased Diversity In The Bar, William Wesley Patton Sep 2017

A Blueprint For A Fairer Aba Standard For Judging Law Graduates’ Competence: How A Standard Based On Students’ Scores In Relation To The National Mean Mbe Score Properly Balances Consumer Safety With Increased Diversity In The Bar, William Wesley Patton

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

Current and recently proposed American Bar Association (ABA) standards regarding students’ bar passage rates have a significant disparate impact on states that have adopted difficult bar examination passage standards (the Multistate Bar Exam (MBE cut scores). Many scholars have demonstrated that the ABA bar passage standards have a negative impact on diversity in the bar by discouraging law schools from enrolling large numbers of minority students, who have, traditionally, performed below state mean in passage rates on the exam. This study presents a new and supplemental standard for the ABA to use in monitoring student outcome measures and law schools’ …


Can The Burning Of Holy Books Ever Be Justified?, Waseem Ahmad Qureshi Sep 2017

Can The Burning Of Holy Books Ever Be Justified?, Waseem Ahmad Qureshi

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

While exploring the historical context of the burning of books during the times of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of unified China, the European Dark Ages, the colonial era, the Nazi Germany era, Iranian triumphs, and contemporary instances of the burning of literature, comics, and history, philosophy, and religious books,this paper identifies “freedom of expression” as the underlyingprinciple for the burning of holy books, an action that eventually fuels religious hatred, public disorder, and violence in society. Notwithstanding such consequences, Pastor Terry Jonesannounced an event calling for the burning of the Holy Qur’an onthe ninth anniversary of the 9/11 …


Corporate Masters & Low-Wage Servants: The Social Control Of Workers In Poverty, Nantiya Ruan Sep 2017

Corporate Masters & Low-Wage Servants: The Social Control Of Workers In Poverty, Nantiya Ruan

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Hogan V. Gawker: A Leg-Drop On The First Amendment, Aubrey Morin Sep 2017

Hogan V. Gawker: A Leg-Drop On The First Amendment, Aubrey Morin

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Violating Victims’ Right To Privacy And Personal Autonomy Under Virginia’S New Mandatory Reporting Requirements, Anne P. Steel Sep 2017

Violating Victims’ Right To Privacy And Personal Autonomy Under Virginia’S New Mandatory Reporting Requirements, Anne P. Steel

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.


Table Of Contents Apr 2017

Table Of Contents

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.