Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Fourth Amendment Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Probable cause

Discipline
Institution
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 61 - 90 of 125

Full-Text Articles in Fourth Amendment

The 'High Crime Area' Question: Requiring Verifiable And Quantifiable Evidence For Fourth Amendment Reasonable Suspicion Analysis, Andrew Ferguson, Damien Bernache Jan 2008

The 'High Crime Area' Question: Requiring Verifiable And Quantifiable Evidence For Fourth Amendment Reasonable Suspicion Analysis, Andrew Ferguson, Damien Bernache

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This article proposes a legal framework to analyze the "high crime area" concept in Fourth Amendment reasonable suspicion challenges.Under existing Supreme Court precedent, reviewing courts are allowed to consider that an area is a "high crime area" as a factor to evaluate the reasonableness of a Fourth Amendment stop. See Illinois v. Wardlow, 528 U.S. 119 (2000). However, the Supreme Court has never defined a "high crime area" and lower courts have not reached consensus on a definition. There is no agreement on what a "high-crime area" is, whether it has geographic boundaries, whether it changes over time, whether it …


Standing Room Only: Why Fourth Amendment Exclusion And Standing Can No Longer Logically Coexist, Sherry F. Colb Feb 2007

Standing Room Only: Why Fourth Amendment Exclusion And Standing Can No Longer Logically Coexist, Sherry F. Colb

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Declining To State A Name In Consideration Of The Fifth Amendment's Self-Incrimination Clause And Law Enforcement Databases After Hiibel, Joseph R. Ashby Feb 2006

Declining To State A Name In Consideration Of The Fifth Amendment's Self-Incrimination Clause And Law Enforcement Databases After Hiibel, Joseph R. Ashby

Michigan Law Review

In response to a report of an argument on a public sidewalk, a police officer approaches two people standing in the vicinity of the reported dispute. The officer requests that each person provide her name so the officer can run the names through databases to which the police department subscribes. After searching each name through various databases, the officer might discover that one of the individuals made several purchases of cold medicine containing pseudoephedrine and that the other just received a license from the State to procure certain hazardous chemicals. These two people might be in the early stages of …


The Reasonable Policeman: Police Intent In Criminal Procedure, Craig M. Bradley Jan 2006

The Reasonable Policeman: Police Intent In Criminal Procedure, Craig M. Bradley

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.


Making The Right Gamble: The Odds On Probable Cause, Ronald J. Bacigal Jan 2004

Making The Right Gamble: The Odds On Probable Cause, Ronald J. Bacigal

Law Faculty Publications

Again, is there probable cause to detain, arrest or search each passenger? Is there probable cause to search each passenger's luggage, their autos parked at the airport and their residences? This article seeks the answer to the hypotheticals in sources ranging from the judiciary's own pronouncements on probable cause to linguistics, history mathematics and cognitive psychology.


The "Routine Traffic Stop" From Start To Finish: Too Much "Routine," Not Enough Fourth Amendment, Wayne R. Lafave Jan 2004

The "Routine Traffic Stop" From Start To Finish: Too Much "Routine," Not Enough Fourth Amendment, Wayne R. Lafave

Michigan Law Review

Yale Kamisar, about which I have said too much elsewhere in this issue of the Review, could rightly be called "Mr. Confessions," for he has not only authored books and a host of articles on the subject of police interrogation, but for years has been printing Miranda cards in his basement and selling them to police departments all across the nation. Moreover, he may be the only law professor in the country who has both personally coerced a confession and had a confession coerced out of him. As Kamisar has himself noted, my own "intellectual sandbox" has been the …


Indianapolis V. Edmond: Roadblock To Fourth Amendment Erosion Of Individual Security, Samuel Bateman Sep 2002

Indianapolis V. Edmond: Roadblock To Fourth Amendment Erosion Of Individual Security, Samuel Bateman

Nevada Law Journal

No abstract provided.


We Can Do This The Easy Way Or The Hard Way: The Use Of Deceit To Induce Consent Searches, Rebecca Strauss Feb 2002

We Can Do This The Easy Way Or The Hard Way: The Use Of Deceit To Induce Consent Searches, Rebecca Strauss

Michigan Law Review

In October of 1995, Aaron Salvo was studying and living at Ashland College. College officials informed local FBI agents that they suspected Salvo of possible child molestation and related conduct based on incriminating electronic mail. FBI agents approached Salvo at his dormitory, asked to speak with him in private about the suspicious mail, and suggested they speak in Salvo's dorm room. Salvo agreed to speak with the officers, but declined to do so in his room because his roommate was there, and he did not want to get anyone else involved in the embarrassing nature of the upcoming conversation. Salvo …


Criminal Procedure: United States V. Holt: The Exception To The Exception That Swallows The Rule, J. Michael Hughes Jan 2002

Criminal Procedure: United States V. Holt: The Exception To The Exception That Swallows The Rule, J. Michael Hughes

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.


Filling In Some Pieces: The Supreme Court’S Criminal Law Decisions In The 1998-1999 Term, William E. Hellerstein Jan 2000

Filling In Some Pieces: The Supreme Court’S Criminal Law Decisions In The 1998-1999 Term, William E. Hellerstein

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Recovering The Original Fourth Amendment, Thomas Y. Davies Dec 1999

Recovering The Original Fourth Amendment, Thomas Y. Davies

Michigan Law Review

Claims regarding the original or intended meaning of constitutional texts are commonplace in constitutional argument and analysis. All such claims are subject to an implicit validity criterion - only historically authentic assertions should matter. The rub is that the original meaning commonly attributed to a constitutional text may not be authentic. The historical Fourth Amendment is a case in point. If American judges, lawyers, or law teachers were asked what the Framers intended when they adopted the Fourth Amendment, they would likely answer that the Framers intended that all searches and seizures conducted by government officers must be reasonable given …


Crimes And Errors Impossible To Commit: Defining Away The Fourth Amendment - Wyoming V. Houghton, Rachel Gader-Shafran Jan 1999

Crimes And Errors Impossible To Commit: Defining Away The Fourth Amendment - Wyoming V. Houghton, Rachel Gader-Shafran

Cleveland State Law Review

This Note contends that the Court's decision to adopt the Houghton approach to the automobile warrant exception is problematic for three reasons. First, the Court has erroneously interpreted the historical evidence behind the creation of the Fourth Amendment. Second, the Court, by chipping away at stare decisis, is disrupting the foundations of American jurisprudence and the development of the law. Third, by creating a new lexicon, changing the meanings of the words, the Court is trying to define away the protections afforded by the Fourth Amendment. This Note will briefly summarize the facts of Houghton and review the historical purpose …


The Qualitative Dimension Of Fourth Amendment "Reasonableness", Sherry F. Colb Nov 1998

The Qualitative Dimension Of Fourth Amendment "Reasonableness", Sherry F. Colb

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Supreme Court doctrine protects two seemingly distinct kinds of interests under the heading of privacy rights: one "substantive," the other "procedural." The Fourth Amendment guarantee against "unreasonable searches and seizures" has been generally interpreted to protect procedural privacy. Searches are typically defined as governmental inspections of activities and locations in which an individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy from observation. In the typical case, this reasonable expectation of privacy may be breached only where the government has acquired a quantitatively substantial objective basis for believing that the search would uncover evidence of a crime. Substantive privacy rights have not …


What's In A Word? A Comparative Analysis Of Article I, § 12 Of The New York State Constitution And The Fourth Amendment To The United States Constitution As Interpreted By The New York Court Of Appeals And The United States Supreme Court, Douglas Holden Wigdor Jan 1998

What's In A Word? A Comparative Analysis Of Article I, § 12 Of The New York State Constitution And The Fourth Amendment To The United States Constitution As Interpreted By The New York Court Of Appeals And The United States Supreme Court, Douglas Holden Wigdor

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure, Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department: People V. King Jan 1998

Search And Seizure, Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department: People V. King

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


It Was A Very Good Year - For The Government: The Supreme Court's Major Criminal Rulings Of The 1995-1996 Term, William E. Hellerstein Jan 1997

It Was A Very Good Year - For The Government: The Supreme Court's Major Criminal Rulings Of The 1995-1996 Term, William E. Hellerstein

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure, Court Of Appeals, People V. Batista Jan 1997

Search And Seizure, Court Of Appeals, People V. Batista

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Race, Cops, And Traffic Stops, Angela J. Davis Jan 1997

Race, Cops, And Traffic Stops, Angela J. Davis

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This article discusses the Supreme Court's failure to provide a clear and effective remedy for discriminatory pretextual traffic stops. The first part explores the discretionary nature of pretextual stops and their discriminatory effect on African-Americans and Latinos. Then, the article examines Whren v. United States, a Supreme Court case in which the petitioners claimed that these “pretextual stops” violate the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution and are racially discriminatory. The Supreme Court rejected the claim, upholding the constitutionality of pretextual stops based on probable cause and noting that claims of racial discrimination must be challenged under the Equal Protection Clause. …


Innocence, Privacy, And Targeting In Fourth Amendment Jurisprudence, Sherry F. Colb Oct 1996

Innocence, Privacy, And Targeting In Fourth Amendment Jurisprudence, Sherry F. Colb

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Searches And Seizures Jan 1996

Searches And Seizures

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search & Seizure Jan 1995

Search & Seizure

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search & Seizure Jan 1995

Search & Seizure

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Section 1983 Litigation, Martin A. Schwartz Jan 1995

Section 1983 Litigation, Martin A. Schwartz

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Batterers Beware: West Virginia Responds To Domestic Violence With The Probable Cause Warrantless Arrest Statute, Toni L. Harvey Sep 1994

Batterers Beware: West Virginia Responds To Domestic Violence With The Probable Cause Warrantless Arrest Statute, Toni L. Harvey

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure: People V. Goldring Jan 1994

Search And Seizure: People V. Goldring

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure: In Re Jerry C. Jan 1994

Search And Seizure: In Re Jerry C.

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure: People V. Scott Jan 1994

Search And Seizure: People V. Scott

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Search And Seizure: People V. Sierra Jan 1994

Search And Seizure: People V. Sierra

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


The "Wrap" On Probable Cause: The Fourth Amendment Contained, Paul L. Kaminsky Jan 1994

The "Wrap" On Probable Cause: The Fourth Amendment Contained, Paul L. Kaminsky

St. Thomas Law Review

Part I of this Note begins by exploring the meaning of probable cause, briefly tracing its development. Part I continues with an examination of how the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Fourth Amendment and the probable cause requirement relates to searches and seizures of containers, specifically, containers that may fall within the Sanders' footnote "exception." The relationship between the Sanders doctrine and that of the "plain view" doctrine will also be examined. In Part II, this Note presents the case of United States v. Prandy-Binett as an example of the above-mentioned doctrinal exceptions to the requirements of the Fourth Amendment …


Search And Seizure: People V. Beriguette Jan 1994

Search And Seizure: People V. Beriguette

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.