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Articles 3031 - 3060 of 3158

Full-Text Articles in Fourteenth Amendment

Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-State Restrictions In Nominations Of Candidates, David H. Armstrong S.Ed. Jan 1949

Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-State Restrictions In Nominations Of Candidates, David H. Armstrong S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The Progressive Party, unable to qualify as a political party for purposes of the Illinois primary election, sought to nominate candidates for state and national offices by petition. The Illinois Election Code provides that such nominating petitions shall include the signatures of at least 200 qualified voters from each of at least 50 counties in the state. Of the state's registered voters, 87 per cent reside in the 49 most populous counties. The State Officers Electoral Board found that the petitions were insufficient, and the Illinois Supreme Court denied a motion for leave to file a petition of mandamus to …

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Constitutional Law-Due Process-Right Of Accused To Writ Of Error Coram Nobis, Bernard L. Trott Jan 1949

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Right Of Accused To Writ Of Error Coram Nobis, Bernard L. Trott

Michigan Law Review

Petitioner, a nineteen year old Negro, was convicted of rape in a circuit court of Alabama. The conviction, largely predicated on a confession made by petitioner on July 3, 1946, to the local police, was affirmed on April 24, 1947, by the Supreme Court of Alabama. This petition was subsequently initiated before the Alabama Supreme Court seeking an order granting permission to petition the trial court for a writ of error coram nobis. The request was accompanied by an allegation that petitioner's confession had been induced by mental and physical torture administered by the local police. At no time during …

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Freedom Of Silence: Constitutional Protection Against Governmental Intrusions In Political Affairs, Charles B. Nutting Dec 1948

Freedom Of Silence: Constitutional Protection Against Governmental Intrusions In Political Affairs, Charles B. Nutting

Michigan Law Review

Paradoxically enough, the "right" to be silent has been vociferously asserted by some of our most loquacious citizens. The current activities of Congressional investigating committees and the possible enactment of laws regulating participation in certain political affairs make timely a consideration of the basis for the assertion of the "right" and an attempt to determine the extent to which it may be said truly to be protected against intrusions by the state or national governments. It is proposed first to consider the question of secrecy in connection with the elective process itself and later to extend the inquiry into problems …

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Corwin: Liberty Against Government, Michigan Law Review Nov 1948

Corwin: Liberty Against Government, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of LIBERTY AGAINST GOVERNMENT. By Edward S, Corwin .

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Evidence-Invalidity Under Due Process Clause Of Convictions Based On Confessions Obtained By Duress Sep 1948

Evidence-Invalidity Under Due Process Clause Of Convictions Based On Confessions Obtained By Duress

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Constitutional Law--Due Process-Federal Restrictions On The Use Of Confessions In State Criminal Proceedings, F. L. Adamson Jun 1948

Constitutional Law--Due Process-Federal Restrictions On The Use Of Confessions In State Criminal Proceedings, F. L. Adamson

Michigan Law Review

Undisputed evidence established that petitioner, a negro boy of fifteen, was arrested at about midnight, October 19, 1945 and taken to police headquarters. He was questioned by the police with no friend or counsel present. He was not informed of his right to counsel or of his right to refuse to answer. At about five in the morning, October 20, he confessed. He was then informed of his rights and his statement taken and transcribed. He was photographed by a newspaper photographer, and then placed in jail. On October 23 he was, for the first time, taken before a magistrate …

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Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Judicial Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenant, Charles B. Blackmar S.Ed. May 1948

Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Judicial Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenant, Charles B. Blackmar S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The highest courts of Missouri and Michigan, and the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, had held that restrictions against occupancy of land by negroes were enforceable by injunction. On certiorari, held, reversed. Enforcement of such restrictions by state courts constitutes a denial of equal protection of the laws. Enforcement by courts of the District violates the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and also it is contrary to the public policy of the United States to allow a federal court to enforce an agreement which a state court could not constitutionally enforce. Shelley v. Kraemer, (U.S. …

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The Bill Of Rights, The Fourteenth Amendment And The Supreme Court, John Raeburn Green May 1948

The Bill Of Rights, The Fourteenth Amendment And The Supreme Court, John Raeburn Green

Michigan Law Review

The first enforcement of any of the First Amendment freedoms against the states, through the Fourteenth Amendment, was in 1927. In the twenty years since, these freedoms have, one by one, been brought within the protection of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, as integral parts of the "liberty" which is safeguarded against state denial-the process having been completed in 1947 by the dictum that the prohibition of the establishment of religion ran against the states. The chronology of the struggle to enforce the Bill of Rights against the states, as well as other circumstances, suggests that the …

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Constitutional Law -Equal Protection - California Alien Land Law, J. R. Mackenzie Apr 1948

Constitutional Law -Equal Protection - California Alien Land Law, J. R. Mackenzie

Michigan Law Review

A Japanese alien paid for some agricultural land in California which was conveyed to his seven-year-old citizen son. All records indicated that the son owned the land, although the father, his guardian, managed it. The California Alien Land Law prohibits ownership of any interest in agricultural land by aliens ineligible for citizenship. Property acquired in violation of the statute escheats as of the date of acquisition as does land transferred "with intent to prevent, evade, or avoid escheat." This intent is presumed prima facie whenever an ineligible alien pays the consideration for a transfer of land to one who may …

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Constitutional Law-Fourteenth Amendment-Equal Protection Of The Laws-Racial Segregation In Public Educational Institutions, Neal Seegert S.Ed. Mar 1948

Constitutional Law-Fourteenth Amendment-Equal Protection Of The Laws-Racial Segregation In Public Educational Institutions, Neal Seegert S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Segregation of races, particularly separation of white and colored races, has long been condoned by American courts as permissible under the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. Underlying the traditional view is the idea that the equal protection clause is not violated by segregation so long as equal facilities are provided for both races. On this basic premise a large number of jurisdictions, particularly the southern states, have predicated constitutional provisions and statutory enactments compelling racial segregation, while a number of other states where segregation has not been forbidden by express constitutional or statutory provision have achieved …

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Constitutional Law-Standard Of Definition Of Statutory Prohibition Necessary To Meet The Requirement Of Due Process Of Law Mar 1948

Constitutional Law-Standard Of Definition Of Statutory Prohibition Necessary To Meet The Requirement Of Due Process Of Law

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Constitutional Law—States' Obligations Under The Equal Protection Clause To Furnish Educational Facilities To Negroes. [United States Supreme Court], Enos Rogers Pleasants Jr. Mar 1948

Constitutional Law—States' Obligations Under The Equal Protection Clause To Furnish Educational Facilities To Negroes. [United States Supreme Court], Enos Rogers Pleasants Jr.

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Constitutional Law--Due Process And The Bill Of Rights--Self-Incrimination, F. William Hutchinson Jan 1948

Constitutional Law--Due Process And The Bill Of Rights--Self-Incrimination, F. William Hutchinson

Michigan Law Review

In the course of evolving workable doctrines which give substance and meaning to the skeletal phrase "due process of law" as used in the Fourteenth Amendment to limit state action, the Supreme Court has frequently been called on to determine the scope of the several prohibitions and guarantees of the Bill of Rights of the federal Constitution. This general problem, and more particularly the application of the Fifth Amendment self-incrimination clause to state criminal proceedings, was again presented in a recent case and resulted in a sharp division of opinion within the Court.

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Labor Law-Constitutionality Of Statutes Prohibiting "Hot Goods" And "Secondary" Boycotts, Jerry S. Mccroskey Jan 1948

Labor Law-Constitutionality Of Statutes Prohibiting "Hot Goods" And "Secondary" Boycotts, Jerry S. Mccroskey

Michigan Law Review

In a contempt action against the business agent of an A.F.L. furniture and van workers local for violation of an injunction based on statutes prohibiting "hot goods" and "secondary" boycotts, held, petitioner discharged; the statutes are violative of the Fourteenth Amendment of the federal Constitution in prohibiting peaceful picketing or other publication of the facts concerning a labor dispute in pursuance of an "agreement or combination to cause" any employee to stop handling certain goods or to put pressure on his employer to do so. ln re Blaney, (Cal.1947) 184P. (2d) 892.

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Pecuniary Interest Of A Justice Of The Peace In Final Trial Of A Misdemeanor In Kentucky--Violation Of The Due Process Clause Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Frank K. Warnock Jan 1948

Pecuniary Interest Of A Justice Of The Peace In Final Trial Of A Misdemeanor In Kentucky--Violation Of The Due Process Clause Of The Fourteenth Amendment, Frank K. Warnock

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Constitutional Law-Jury Trial-Validity Of The "Blue Ribbon" Jury, Edward S. Tripp S.Ed. Dec 1947

Constitutional Law-Jury Trial-Validity Of The "Blue Ribbon" Jury, Edward S. Tripp S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Defendants, labor union officers, were indicted for conspiracy and extortion. The state moved for a "blue ribbon" jury. Defendants objected to the "blue ribbon" panel on grounds of denial of due process and equal protection; first, because laborers and women were unlawfully excluded from the panel, and also because "blue ribbon" juries were more inclined to convict than common juries. Defendants later accepted each individual juror. Defendants were convicted and the New York appellate court affirmed. The United States Supreme Court granted certiorari. Held, affirmed. Defendants failed to show any intentional and purposeful exclusion which would be prejudicial to …

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Constitutional Law-Due Process Clause-Right Of An Accused To Have Counsel Appointed By The Court, Frank H. Roberts Jun 1947

Constitutional Law-Due Process Clause-Right Of An Accused To Have Counsel Appointed By The Court, Frank H. Roberts

Michigan Law Review

On May 16, 1932, petitioner, then seventeen years of age, was arraigned, tried, convicted of murder in the first degree and sentenced to life imprisonment. Petitioner was without legal assistance throughout these proceedings, was never advised of his rights to counsel, was never informed of the consequences of a guilty plea and, as disclosed by the record, was considerably confused as to the effect of such plea. In 1945, he moved for leave to file a delayed motion for new trial in the court in which he was convicted, on the ground that there had been serious impairment of his …

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Constitutional Law-Establishment Of Religion, Due Process, And Equal Protection-Public Aid To Parochial Schools, P. F. Westbrook, Jr. S.Ed. Jun 1947

Constitutional Law-Establishment Of Religion, Due Process, And Equal Protection-Public Aid To Parochial Schools, P. F. Westbrook, Jr. S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

It is the purpose of this comment to examine the validity of conclusions reached on the facts of the Everson case. But what was said in the majority opinion and in the two dissenting opinions in the Everson case may also forecast developments in the future. Consequently, there will be occasion to comment upon the broader implications of the decision. First, however, it will be helpful to trace the development of the case law dealing with state and federal constitutional provisions bearing on public aid to parochial schools.

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Constitutional Law-State Court Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenants As State Action Within Scope Of Fourteenth Amendment, John A. Huston S.Ed. Apr 1947

Constitutional Law-State Court Enforcement Of Race Restrictive Covenants As State Action Within Scope Of Fourteenth Amendment, John A. Huston S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

The current housing shortage with the overcrowded living conditions and substandard accommodations which it imposes on the most numerous classes of society has made particularly significant in the competition for housing areas the discriminations generally enforced against negroes and other racial minority groups. Both normal population growth and the suspension of new construction during the great depression and the late war have contributed to an emergency in which the circumstances of our negro population are materially worse than those of any other group. Aggravating this result has been the shift in negro population occasioned by the wartime demand for industrial …

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Constitutional Law-Interstate Commerce-State Regulation Of Insurance, Eugene H. Lattin Jan 1947

Constitutional Law-Interstate Commerce-State Regulation Of Insurance, Eugene H. Lattin

Michigan Law Review

The California Insurance Code forbids a person to act as agent for an insurance company until a license is obtained from the commissioner, and forbids acting as agent for any non-admitted insurer in the transaction of insurance business in the state. Summarily stated, the provisions for the admission of insurance companies forbid either foreign or domestic companies to do a life insurance business in California other than on a legal reserve basis, thereby excluding the company represented by appellant as its agent. Appellant was convicted for violations of both provisions of the law. He contended that these sections, as applied …

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Constitutional Law-State Apportionment For Congressional Elections-Justiciability Of Issue, L. B. Brody S.Ed. Jan 1947

Constitutional Law-State Apportionment For Congressional Elections-Justiciability Of Issue, L. B. Brody S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

Petitioners, three qualified Illinois voters, filed a proceeding in a United States district court composed of three judges, seeking a determination under the Federal Declaratory Judgment Act that the 1901 State Apportionment Act of Illinois was in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment and Article I of the Constitution, in that it denied to citizens of the United States the equal and unabridged right to vote for Congressmen. On direct appeal to the Supreme Court of a dismissal of the petition by the lower court, the complaint alleged that the statute apportioning the State of Illinois was void in that it …

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Constitutional Law—Validity Of State Statute Requiring Racial Segregation Of Passengers In Interstate Commerce. [United States Supreme Court], John L. Dorsey Jr. Sep 1946

Constitutional Law—Validity Of State Statute Requiring Racial Segregation Of Passengers In Interstate Commerce. [United States Supreme Court], John L. Dorsey Jr.

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Constitutional Law-Due Process-Retroactive Application Of Statute Of Limitation To Previously Barred Claim, James R. Bliss Jun 1946

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Retroactive Application Of Statute Of Limitation To Previously Barred Claim, James R. Bliss

Michigan Law Review

In 1943 appellee Rowley, filed claim with the Department of Labor and Industry, under the Washington Industrial Insurance Act, for compensation for aggravation of an injury suffered, while employed by appellant in 1937, in the course of his employment. The claim was barred by a provision of the then existing statute which placed a three year limit on the filing of such claims; but by amendment in 1941 the time limit was extended to five years, with a proviso, under which appellee claimed, that "any such applicant whose compensation has heretofore been established or terminated shall have five years from …

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Religious Liberty And The Fourteenth Amendment, Ivan C. Rutledge Jan 1946

Religious Liberty And The Fourteenth Amendment, Ivan C. Rutledge

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

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Liberty Under The Fourteenth Amendment: 1943-44, John Raeburn Green Dec 1944

Liberty Under The Fourteenth Amendment: 1943-44, John Raeburn Green

Michigan Law Review

Elsewhere efforts have been made to survey the status of the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights with respect to their protection against state abridgment. The decisions of the Supreme Court were examined, from the February term, 1790, through the 1942 term. It was observed that the struggle to obtain for these rights and liberties federal constitutional protection against state abridgment, as well as against federal abridgment, had been almost continuous since the adoption of the Constitution; that Madison had sought, unsuccessfully, to include in the Bill of Rights guaranties against state abridgment for freedom of speech and …

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Constitutional Law-Due Process-Punishment For Acts Done Without Consciousness Of Wrongdoing, Benjamin M. Quigg, Jr. S.Ed. Jun 1944

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Punishment For Acts Done Without Consciousness Of Wrongdoing, Benjamin M. Quigg, Jr. S.Ed.

Michigan Law Review

In the recent case of United States v. Dotterweich the United States Supreme Court (four justices dissenting) held the president of a drug jobbing company personally liable for violation of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act on informations charging misbranding and adulteration of products. There was no evidence of any personal guilt on the defendant's part, nor was there any proof or claim that he ever knew of the introduction into commerce of the adulterated drugs in question. The disagreement among the members of the court was essentially one of statutory interpretation, but in view of the fact that …

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Public Utilities-Smythe V. Ames Again, Thomas G. Long Oct 1943

Public Utilities-Smythe V. Ames Again, Thomas G. Long

Michigan Law Review

The suit arose in 1893 over railroad freight rates prescribed by an act of the legislature of Nebraska approved April 12, 1893 which went into effect August 1, 1893. The claim was that the rates prescribed were so low that the plaintiff stockholders' railroads were deprived of property in contravention of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. The state officials showed "that the railroads of Nebraska can be reproduced completely for about $20,000 per mile." Eleven railroads were concerned. The lowest funded debt was $12,324 per mile with four over $20,000 per mile. The par value …

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Privileges And Immunities Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Lucile Lomen Jul 1943

Privileges And Immunities Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Lucile Lomen

Washington Law Review

At the close of the Civil War, the federal government was faced with the serious problem of protecting the newly freed negro from restrictions which the state governments might see fit to impose upon him. The War had been won and the negro freed, but there was no power in the federal government which could insure his civil liberties against state action. The Bill of Rights formed a bulwark against invasion of personal rights by the federal government, but it had no application to other jurisdictions. It was to remedy this situation that the Fourteenth Amendment was proposed and adopted. …

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In Defense Of The Supreme Court's Picketing Doctrine, Louis L. Jaffe Jun 1943

In Defense Of The Supreme Court's Picketing Doctrine, Louis L. Jaffe

Michigan Law Review

Picketing, pursued by state prohibition, has now found sanctuary in the Constitution. The Fourteenth Amendment recognizes it as free speech. But not always, says the majority of the Court. There has been sharp fire from both the Right and the Left. The criticism runs much as it did against the Duke of York's generalship of his men. "When they were half-way up they were neither up nor down." In a recent article Mr. Teller argues that picketing is not an exercise of free speech and should never have been constitutionally guaranteed as such. It was the first mistake of the …

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Constitutional Law - Involuntary Servitude, John W. Potter Aug 1942

Constitutional Law - Involuntary Servitude, John W. Potter

Michigan Law Review

Appellant was indicted under a Georgia statute which provided that anyone who contracted to perform services of any kind with the intent not to perform such services was subject, upon conviction, to fine and /or imprisonment. Proof of the contract, procurement of money or any other thing of value, and the failure to perform the service or to return the money advanced without good and sufficient cause were stated to be presumptive evidence of the requisite intent. Appellant claimed that the statute violated the Thirteenth Amendment and the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The state court held the …

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