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Full-Text Articles in Fourteenth Amendment

Fundamental Rights In A Post-Obergefell World, Peter Nicolas Jan 2016

Fundamental Rights In A Post-Obergefell World, Peter Nicolas

Articles

In this Article, I identify and critically examine three substantive criticisms raised by the dissents in the Supreme Court's 2015 decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, which struck down state laws and constitutional provisions barring same-sex couples from marrying within the state or having their out-of-state marriages recognized by the state. First, that the majority improperly framed the right at issue broadly as the right to marriage instead of narrowly as the right to same-sex marriage, conflicting with the Court's holding in Washington v. Glucksberg that in fundamental rights cases the right at issue must be framed narrowly, and in …

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A Proposal To Allow The Presentation Of Mitigation In Juvenile Court So That Juvenile Charges May Be Expunged In Appropriate Cases, Katherine I. Puzone Jan 2016

A Proposal To Allow The Presentation Of Mitigation In Juvenile Court So That Juvenile Charges May Be Expunged In Appropriate Cases, Katherine I. Puzone

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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It’S Time For The Fourth Circuit To Rethink Deshaney, Dale Margolin Cecka Jan 2016

It’S Time For The Fourth Circuit To Rethink Deshaney, Dale Margolin Cecka

Law Faculty Publications

In 2015, the Fourth Circuit heard Doe v. Rosa, in which the parent plaintiffs sought to extend civil liability to the Citadel’s president, for failing to protect their minor sons from sex abuse inflicted by one of the Citadel’s employees. In dismissing the matter, the Fourth Circuit followed precedent set by the Supreme Court years ago in Deshaney. This interpretation of Deshaney, however, is no longer valid in light of the growing number of sexual misconduct cases involving educational institutions. Strictly applying Deshaney encourages schools to place their interests higher than the security of their students. In …

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Commonality And The Constitution: A Framework For Federal And State Court Class Actions, Joseph A. Seiner Jan 2016

Commonality And The Constitution: A Framework For Federal And State Court Class Actions, Joseph A. Seiner

Indiana Law Journal

In Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, 131 S. Ct. 2541 (2011), the Supreme Court concluded that the allegations of pay discrimination in a case brought by over one million female employees lacked sufficient commonality to warrant class certification under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(a). Though the case was expressly decided under the Federal Rules, some well-known employer groups have begun to advance the argument that Wal-Mart was decided on constitutional grounds. These advocates maintain that the Supreme Court’s decision creates a commonality standard for all class-action plaintiffs—regardless of whether those litigants bring their claims in federal or state court. …

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If Corporations Are People, Why Can’T They Play Tag?, Cody Jacobs Jan 2016

If Corporations Are People, Why Can’T They Play Tag?, Cody Jacobs

Faculty Scholarship

The Supreme Court’s decision in Burnham v. Superior Court — despite producing a splintered vote with no opinion garnering a majority of the Court — made one thing clear: an individual defendant can be subject to personal jurisdiction simply by being served with process while he or she happens to be in a forum regardless of whether the defendant has any contacts with that forum. This method of acquiring personal jurisdiction is called transient or “tag” jurisdiction. Tag jurisdiction is older than minimum contacts jurisdiction, and used to be the primary method for determining whether an out of state defendant …

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Disparate Impact And The Role Of Classification And Motivation In Equal Protection Law After Inclusive Communities, Samuel Bagenstos Jan 2016

Disparate Impact And The Role Of Classification And Motivation In Equal Protection Law After Inclusive Communities, Samuel Bagenstos

Articles

At least since the Supreme Court’s 2009 decision in Ricci v. DeStefano, disparate-impact liability has faced a direct constitutional threat. This Article argues that the Court’s decision last Term in Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc., which held that disparate-impact liability is available under the Fair Housing Act, has resolved that threat, at least for the time being. In particular, this Article argues, Inclusive Communities is best read to adopt the understanding of equal protection that Justice Kennedy previously articulated in his pivotal concurrence in the 2007 Parents Involved case—which argued that …

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Parents Involved And The Struggle For Historical Memory­, Mark Tushnet Jan 2016

Parents Involved And The Struggle For Historical Memory­, Mark Tushnet

Indiana Law Journal

In his Jerome Hall Lecture, Professor Tushnet addresses the legacy of Brown v. Board of Education in the more recent case of Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School Dist. No. 1 (PICS), which struck down the voluntary school integration programs used in Seattle and Louisville. As Chief Justice Roberts wrote, an important “debate” in the PICS case was over “which side is more faithful to the heritage” of Brown v. Board of Education. That debate is part of what historians have called the struggle for historical memory. The politics of memory in PICS is not simply a struggle …

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Diy Solutions To The Hobby Lobby Problem, Kristin Haule Jan 2016

Diy Solutions To The Hobby Lobby Problem, Kristin Haule

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Thirteenth Amendment, Disparate Impact, And Empathy Deficits, Darrell A. H. Miller Jan 2016

The Thirteenth Amendment, Disparate Impact, And Empathy Deficits, Darrell A. H. Miller

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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It’S Complicated: The Unusual Way Obergefell V. Hodges Legalized Same Sex Marriage, Kristin Haule Jan 2016

It’S Complicated: The Unusual Way Obergefell V. Hodges Legalized Same Sex Marriage, Kristin Haule

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Gay Rights Versus Religious Freedom, And The Influence Of Obergefell V. Hodges On Distinguishing The Dividing Line, Kathleen Rainey Mcstravick Jan 2016

Gay Rights Versus Religious Freedom, And The Influence Of Obergefell V. Hodges On Distinguishing The Dividing Line, Kathleen Rainey Mcstravick

St. Mary's Law Journal

Obergefell v. Hodges, a United States Supreme Court case, added more fuel to the fire, leaving many to wonder how to voice religious opposition to same-sex marriages, and what are the second order effects for religious opposition in light of the new rule. The Court held the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution guarantees protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation. Obergefell, brings the conflict between freedom of religion and LGBT rights to a new level by questioning how far freedom of religion can be used to refuse anti-discrimination statutes regarding sexual …

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Race Based Medicine, Color Blind Disease: How Racial Preferences In Violation Of The 14th Amendment Are Killing Us All, Ruqaiijah Yearby Jan 2016

Race Based Medicine, Color Blind Disease: How Racial Preferences In Violation Of The 14th Amendment Are Killing Us All, Ruqaiijah Yearby

All Faculty Scholarship

Disease is color blind, but medicine is not. For example, sickle cell disease is often discussed in terms of a Black disease; however, people of all different races suffer from sickle cell. Moreover, sickle cell is found in a number of places that have little to no Blacks, such as Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burma, and Honduras. Nevertheless, health care providers often provide people of different races different levels of care justifying their disparate treatment based on scientific claims. However, not only are these scientific claims baseless, but also the explicit use of race to determine what medical treatment is provided patients …

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The Law And Politics Of Firearms Regulation In Reconstruction Texas, Mark Anthony Frassetto Jan 2016

The Law And Politics Of Firearms Regulation In Reconstruction Texas, Mark Anthony Frassetto

Texas A&M Law Review

In District of Columbia v. Heller, Justice Scalia instructed that the historical understanding of the right to keep and bear arms should inform our present day understanding of the Second Amendment. This means an accurate accounting of the history of firearms regulation is essential for understanding the scope of the Second Amendment. The current state of scholarship on Second Amendment history paints post-Civil War firearms regulations as racist efforts by Southern states to prevent blacks from defending themselves against racial violence. This reading distorts the historical record by ignoring the actors responsible for numerous gun laws across the former Confederacy. …

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Roe As We Know It, Cary Franklin Jan 2016

Roe As We Know It, Cary Franklin

Michigan Law Review

The petitioners in last year’s historic same-sex marriage case cited most of the Supreme Court’s canonical substantive due process precedents. They argued that the right of same-sex couples to marry, like the right to use birth control and the right to guide the upbringing of one’s children, was among the liberties protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. The Court in Obergefell v. Hodges agreed, citing many of the same cases. Not once, however, did the petitioners or the majority in Obergefell cite the Court’s most famous substantive due process decision. It was the dissenters in Obergefell who invoked Roe v. Wade.

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Unleashing The Fourteenth Amendment, Ann L. Schiavone Jan 2016

Unleashing The Fourteenth Amendment, Ann L. Schiavone

Law Faculty Publications

Do Justice Anthony Kennedy's opinions in the gay rights cases of Romer v. Evans,2 Lawrence v. Texas,3 United States v. Windsor,4 and Obergefell v. Hodges5 have any impact on the future of Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence beyond rights for gays., lesbians, and transgender persons? We don't know. It is possible these cases will simply remain siloed in their unique legal and cultural niche, but viewing tbem through the lens of 150 years of Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence suggests they may signaJ a shift in due process and equal protection analysis. This shift couJd open the doors …

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Back Down To Bullying? The Detrimental Effects Of Zero Tolerance Policies On Bullied Adolescents, Devon L. Disiena Jan 2016

Back Down To Bullying? The Detrimental Effects Of Zero Tolerance Policies On Bullied Adolescents, Devon L. Disiena

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note critiques zero tolerance policies in schools, arguing that they disproportionately harm bullied adolescents by failing to consider their circumstances, leading to unjust disciplinary actions and discouraging victims from seeking help. It advocates for legislative reforms, particularly in New York, to include self-defense as a mitigating factor in disciplinary decisions.

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On Pride’S Eve, The State Of Transgender Equality, Arthur S. Leonard Jan 2016

On Pride’S Eve, The State Of Transgender Equality, Arthur S. Leonard

Other Publications

No abstract provided.

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Thou Shall Not Adopt: Sexual Orientation Discrimination In The Adoption Process, Peter Gallucci Jan 2016

Thou Shall Not Adopt: Sexual Orientation Discrimination In The Adoption Process, Peter Gallucci

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note addresses the issue of sexual orientation discrimination in the adoption process, highlighting how religious-based adoption agencies often deny services to LGBTQ+ couples, despite the growing need for foster care placements. It critiques current laws that permit such discrimination and proposes an enhanced version of the Every Child Deserves a Family Act to ensure equal adoption rights while mitigating the impact on states and foster children.

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Housing Intersex Juvenile Offenders, Janae Hunte Jan 2016

Housing Intersex Juvenile Offenders, Janae Hunte

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note examines the legal and societal challenges faced by intersex individuals, particularly in the U.S. prison system, arguing that current laws and policies fail to adequately protect their rights. It highlights the need for standardized guidelines and protections, advocating for federal standards that respect intersex individuals' autonomy and safety in prison housing. The analysis focuses on the intersection of medical normalization practices, constitutional rights, and legislative shortcomings, emphasizing the importance of addressing these issues through legal reform and policy changes.

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The High Power Of The Lower Courts, Doni Gewirtzman Jan 2016

The High Power Of The Lower Courts, Doni Gewirtzman

Other Publications

No abstract provided.

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Rejecting The Tattooed Applicant, Disciplining The Tattooed Employee: What Are The Risks?, Stephen Allred Jan 2016

Rejecting The Tattooed Applicant, Disciplining The Tattooed Employee: What Are The Risks?, Stephen Allred

Law Faculty Publications

In the last twenty years, there has been a significant rise in the popularity of tattoos. Once relegated to the marginal realm of sailors, motorcycle gang members, or dock workers, tattoos are now proudly displayed by NBA stars, rock artists, and film actors. Perhaps not surprisingly, American workers, particularly younger workers, have emulated their idols and obtained tattoos too—at a remarkable rate. In fact, a 2012 Harris Poll found that one in five American adults had at least one tattoo. And while increasing percentages of Americans view tattoos as acceptable (indeed, even as art), tattoos still carry a persistent stigma …

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The Fate Of $15, John S. Spina Dec 2015

The Fate Of $15, John S. Spina

Capstones

The Fight for $15 is reinvigorating the labor moment in ways people never thought possible. In just over three years it spanned the nation and won increased minimum wages in major cites across the country. Governor Cuomo now prepares to pass the nation's first state wide $15 minimum wage in New York, but not without strong opposition.

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(Same) Sex, Lies, And Democracy: Tradition, Religion, And Substantive Due Process (With An Emphasis On Obergefell V. Hodges), Stephen M. Feldman Dec 2015

(Same) Sex, Lies, And Democracy: Tradition, Religion, And Substantive Due Process (With An Emphasis On Obergefell V. Hodges), Stephen M. Feldman

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Substantive due process issues implicitly concern voice. Whose voice will be heard? Although such issues often remain submerged, the Justices occasionally translate them into disputes over democratic participation and power. The Supreme Court’s most important substantive due process decision in years, Obergefell v. Hodges, entailed such a battle over democracy. The multiple dissenting opinions insisted that the decision demeaned the opponents of same-sex marriage, many of whom were inspired by traditional values and religious convictions. The majority explicitly disagreed, reasoning that the case resolved the rights of same-sex couples to marry and did not diminish the opponents’ voices. The dissenters …

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Constitutional Law-Aliens-Equal Protection Clause Does Not Require Extension Of Special Immigrant Status To Aliens From Non-Contiguous Countries, Laurie C. Gregory Dec 2015

Constitutional Law-Aliens-Equal Protection Clause Does Not Require Extension Of Special Immigrant Status To Aliens From Non-Contiguous Countries, Laurie C. Gregory

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

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Universal Arguments And Particular Arguments On Abortion Rights, Stuart Chinn Dec 2015

Universal Arguments And Particular Arguments On Abortion Rights, Stuart Chinn

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Right To Same-Sex Marriage: Formalism, Realism, And Social Change In Lawrence (2003), Windsor (2013), & Obergefell (2015), Ronald Kahn Dec 2015

The Right To Same-Sex Marriage: Formalism, Realism, And Social Change In Lawrence (2003), Windsor (2013), & Obergefell (2015), Ronald Kahn

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Foreword: Private And Public Revisited Once Again, Mark A. Graber Dec 2015

Foreword: Private And Public Revisited Once Again, Mark A. Graber

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Privacy At 50: The Bedroom, The Courtroom, And The Spaces In Between, Judith A. Baer Dec 2015

Privacy At 50: The Bedroom, The Courtroom, And The Spaces In Between, Judith A. Baer

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Title Ix Giveth And The Religious Exemption Taketh Away: How The Religious Exemption Eviscerates The Protection Afforded Transgender Students Under Title Ix, Amanda Bryk Dec 2015

Title Ix Giveth And The Religious Exemption Taketh Away: How The Religious Exemption Eviscerates The Protection Afforded Transgender Students Under Title Ix, Amanda Bryk

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Equal Access In Cyberspace: On Bridging The Digital Divide In Public Accommodations Coverage Through Amendment To The Americans With Disabilities Act, Laura Wolk Dec 2015

Equal Access In Cyberspace: On Bridging The Digital Divide In Public Accommodations Coverage Through Amendment To The Americans With Disabilities Act, Laura Wolk

Notre Dame Law Review

This Note will proceed in three Parts. Part I will trace the development of the case law on this issue, which has culminated in a circuit split. It will also discuss the influence of the Department of Justice (DOJ), which has not exercised its regulatory authority on the subject but which has initiated enforcement actions consistent with an interpretation that includes freestanding websites. Part II will argue, based on the text, congressional silence, and the statute’s dual principal purposes, that private commercial websites do not fall within the purview of Title III. Part III will propose that disability rights advocates …

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