Education Law Commons^™

Sexual Harassment In Education And Student Athletics: A Case For Why Title Ix Sexual Harassment Jurisprudence Should Develop Independently Of Title Vii, Michael E. Buchwald

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Ritual, Emotion, And Political Belief: The Search For The Constitutional Limit To Patriotic Education In Public Schools, Brent T. White

Georgia Law Review

Young children across America begin the school day with ritualized expressions of loyalty to the United States. Relying upon evidence from the cognitive and neurosciences, this Article argues that such patriotic rituals embed patriotic predispositions in children's unconscious at a time when they are especially vulnerable to emotional manipulation. These patriotic predispositions in turn sharply constrain children's future conceptions of political reality and shape their political beliefs. Additionally, by conditioning the same symbolic attachments in the vast majority of Americans, ritualized patriotic education contributes to the manipulation of the public by public officials, legitimizes anti-democratic aspects of the American system, …

Affirmative Action & Negative Action: How Jian Li's Case Can Benefit Asian Americans, Adrian Liu

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

In October 2006, Asian American student Jian D filed a civil rights complaint against Princeton University claiming that Princeton's affirmative action policies were discriminatory. Li argues that affirmative action gives preferences to non-Asian minorities at the expense of Asian students. Li's case aligns the interests of Asian Americans with Whites who challenge affirmative action and suggests that such policies are inherently discriminatory because they exclude students based on race and sacrifice merit. This Article argues that Li's exclusion is not due to affirmative action but is likely due to "negative action," the unfavorable treatment of Asian Americans relative to Whites. …

A Post-Morse Framework For Students' Potentially Hurtful Speech (Religious And Otherwise), Emily Gold Waldman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

In this Article, I weave together strands from Tinker, Fraser, and Morse, as well as from lower court decisions taking varying approaches to this issue, to propose a new standard for student speech that is potentially hurtful to other students. This approach encompasses, without being limited to, speech that is religiously-motivated in nature. I argue that student speech that is hurtful to other students (whether religiously-motivated or not) should first be divided into two categories: (1) speech that identifies particular students for attack; and (2) speech, such as the message on Harper's T-shirt, that expresses a general opinion without being …

Simply Put: How Diversity Benefits Whites And How Whites Can Simply Benefit Diversity, Angela Mae Kupenda

Journal Articles

Although there are surmountable legal barriers to racial integration in education, fuller integration is possible. But first, whites must see how they benefit from diversity, and, second, whites must take simple steps toward integration that may, in turn, reveal to whites their desire to become more fully integrated. These two steps may help remove the limiting point to true integration.

Little Big Man—United States District Judge Ronald N. Davies, William R. Wilson Jr.

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Reflections On The Commemoration Of The 50th Anniversary Of The Crisis At Little Rock Central High School, Judge Wiley Branton Jr.

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Comments Made At The Ben J. Altheimer Symposium On The 50th Anniversary Of The Central High Crisis Held At The Ualr William H. Bowen School Of Law, John W. Walker

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Harry Ashmore And "The Crisis Mr. Faubus Made", Elizabeth Jacoway

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Cooper V. Aaron: Development And Implementation Of The Litigation, Judith Kilpatrick

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Little Rock School District's Quest For Unitary Status, Honorable Robert L. Brown

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

This essay discusses the major judicial benchmarks affecting the Little Rock School District since Brown v. Board of Education, andl additionally touches on attitudinal stumbling blocks between the races where problems continue to arise and where suspicions run deep.

After some forty years of litigation the Little Rock School District has been declared unitary in all respects by the Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. There are judicial benchmarks since Brown and three cases bear mentioning. The initial focus of the essay is on the unitary-status decisions handed down by the Federal District Court, and specifically by …

From Little Rock To Seattle And Louisville: Is "All Deliberate Speed" Stuck In Reverse?, Charles J. Ogletree Jr., Susan Eaton

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

More than 50 years after Brown v. Board of Education, in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District, the Supreme Court issued a much anticipated, sharply divided opinion concerning the conscious use of a student’s "race" in plans to desegregate now de facto segregated public schools. The Court found unconstitutional the race-inclusive methods used by the Seattle and Louisville public school officials who were attempting to create racially integrated schools.

In order to understand the full impact of the Supreme Court’s recent decisions regarding school desegregation, an analysis of the Seattle and Louisville plans and the Court’s reasoning …

History Of The Alternative Desegregation Plan And The Black Community's Perspective And Reaction, Johanna Miller Lewis

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Little Rock Confrontation And Cooper V. Aaron: Development And Implementation Of Constitutional Litigation, Tony A. Freyer

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.

Lessons Learned From Comparing The Application Of Constitutional Law And Anti-Discrimination Law To African Americans In The U.S. And Dalits In India In The Context Of Higher Education, Kevin D. Brown, Vinay Sitapati

Articles by Maurer Faculty

In this Article the authors will compare the development of constitutional law and federal anti-discrimination law in the context of higher education of African-Americans in the U.S. and Dalits in India. Both groups suffer from oppression and discrimination based upon a hereditary trait and related to their integration into mainstream society; neither group is completely isolated from the majority population responsible for the discrimination; and African-Americans and Dalits approximate similar percentages of their country's population. Based upon the 2000 census, African-Americans constitute 12.7% of the American populations, and, according to the 1991 Census Report of India, Dalits make up 16.5% …

Deliberately Different: Bullying As A Denial Of A Free Appropriate Public Education Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, David E. Ferster

Georgia Law Review

Bullying is pervasive in America's public schools. Despite recent emphasis on character education programs and the passage of anti-bullying legislation, up to 30% of students are either bullies or victims, and over two-thirds of students believe their schools do not make sincere efforts to prevent bullying. Students with disabilities are particularly vulnerable; they are substantially more likely to be victims of bullying than their non-disabled peers, and the effects of bullying make these already at-risk students more likely to underperform academically and drop out of school. Student victims of certain types of bullying have had limited success in holding schools …

Demise Of The Talented Tenth: Affirmative Action And The Increasing Underrepresentation Of Ascendant Blacks At Selective Educational Institutions, Kevin D. Brown, Jeannine Bell

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Over the past 30 years America has experienced both a substantial increase in the percentage of blacks multiracial blacks and an unprecedented influx of voluntary immigration of blacks primarily from Africa and the Caribbean. The percentage of foreign-born black immigrants reached 8% of the black population in 2005, and no doubt is higher today. There is evidence that suggests not only that multiracial blacks and foreign-born black immigrants and their sons and daughters constitute a disproportionate percentage of black students in selective higher education programs, but their percentages are larger than most people realize. This article addresses the resulting change …

Symposium: Race Across Boundaries: Introduction, Kevin D. Brown

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Footnote Eleven For The New Millennium: Ecological Perspective Arguments In Support Of Compelling Interest, Malik Edwards

Seattle University Law Review

This Article proceeds in three Parts. Part II considers the historical and social context that led to the ultimate successful strategy in Brown. Although times may have changed, my ultimate argument is that contexts matters; as such, to fully understand Brown, we must understand the strategy behind it and the road that takes us from Plessy to Brown<,/em>. Part III considers the trends that led to Brown's undoing. While Brown I offers no remedy and Brown II provides that schools should be desegregated “with all deliberate speed,” one must understand the societal shifts that occurred, fundamentally changing the …

Really Leaving No Child Behind: How The Supreme Court's Student Speech Doctrine Compromises Modern Education Reform - And How It Can Use The In Loco Parentis Doctrine To Change It, Scott J. Street

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

tudent speech" doctrine defined by Tinker in favor of an in loco parentis standard that defers to the expertise of school officials in maintaining a safe, effective, and orderly school environment. Contrary to what its critics assume, an in loco parentis standard would not give school officials carte blanche to violate their students' rights. It would, for example, prohibit school officials from discriminating against students on the basis of viewpoint. But as long as Tinker's student speech doctrine survives, efforts to improve our schools and prepare our children for the rigors of the twenty-first century will suffer. The in loco …

Judicially Reducing The Standard Of Care: An Analysis Of The Bad Faith/Gross Misjudgment Standard In Special Education Discrimination, Drew Miller

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Readin', 'Ritin','Rithmetic, And Responsibility: Advocating For The Development Of Controlled-Choice Student-Assignment Plans After Parents Involved, Sarah Sloan Wilson

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Bologna Process And Its Impact In Europe: It's So Much More Than Degree Changes, Laurel Terry

Faculty Scholarly Works

The Bologna Process is a massive, multi-year project designed to create the "European Higher Education Area" by the year 2010. it began ten eyars ago, when four European Union (EU) countries signed a relatively vague declaration. It has grown to include forty-six countries, including all of the EU Member States and nineteen non-EU countries. The Bologna Process countries have agreed on ten "action lines" for restructuring European higher education. These action lines are nothing short of revolutionary - they address everything from a three-cycle degree system (e.g., bachelor-master's-doctorate degrees), European-wide quality assurance efforts, mobility of higher education students and staff, …

Primary & Secondary Education

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

Uniform Meaning: The Choice Is Yours, Perry A. Zirkel

The Journal of Law and Education

No abstract provided.

Don't Count Them Out Just Yet: Toward The Plausible Use Of Race-Preference Student Assignment Plans, Leslie Yalof Garfield

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Contrary to conventional wisdom, the Supreme Court's recent decision in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 11 could serve to broaden the permissible use of race beyond the boundaries presently permitted by the Court. In this highly fractionalized decision, five justices ultimately agreed that the race-based student assignment plans before their review could not withstand judicial scrutiny. One of these justices, Justice Kennedy, agreed with the plurality's conclusion, but rejected the plurality's assessment that it is never permissible to use race-preference student assignment plans absent evidence of de jure segregation. His concurrence, when read together with …

Kelo, Parents And The Spatialization Of Color (Blindness) In The Berman-Brown Metropolitan Heterotopia, Tom I. Romero Ii

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

No Brown Towns: Anti-Immigrant Ordinances And Equality Of Educational Opportunity For Latina/Os, Tom I. Romero Ii

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Is Race In Public Schools Still Compelling?Parents Involved In Community Schools V.Seattle School District No. 1justice Breyer's Theory Of Active Liberty, Andpractical Considerations Of Democracy, Andrea Kayne Kaufman

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article explores why the promise of ending our dual society, as first articulated in Brown v. Board of Education, has not been fulfilled. Specifically this article examines a more recent case, Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, addressing the lost promise of Brown and the implications for our dual society.

Disintegration, Girardeau A. Spann

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The silver lining behind the Supreme Court's decision to disintegrate the Seattle and Louisville public schools is that the decision also runs the risk of disintegrating judicial review. Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 holds that the Constitution bars voluntary, race-conscious efforts by two local school boards to retain the racial integration that they worked so hard to achieve after Brown. In so holding, the Court curiously reads the Equal Protection Clause as preventing the use of race to pursue actual equality, and instead insists on a type of formal "equality" that has historically …