Education Law Commons^™

American School Finance Litigation And The Right To Education In South Africa, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

This paper addresses the South African Constitution's invitation to the Constitutional Court to 'consider foreign law' when interpreting its provisions. Focusing on the education provisions found in section 29 of the Constitution, I make two claims. Firstly, contrary to the developing consensus, American state supreme court jurisprudence in school funding cases makes a poor resource to aid the interpretation of the basic South African right to education, regardless of the quantum of education that the Constitutional Court decides is encompassed by the word 'basic'. Secondly, however, certain aspects of these same American decisions, particularly the space they provide for a …

The Education Duty, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

A constitution is an instrument of entrustment. By adopting a democratic constitution, a polity places in the hands of its elected representatives its trust that those representatives will act to pursue the ends of the polity, rather than their own ends, and that they will do so with an eye toward the effects of adopted policies. In effect, the polity entrusts lawmaking power to its legislature with the expectation that such power will be exercised with loyalty to the public and with due care for its interests. Simply put, legislatures are fiduciaries.

In this Article, I examine the nature of …

Charting Kentucky's Path: How The Commonwealth Can Innovate Its Public Schools With Charter Legislation, Tyler Roberts

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

State Constitutional Design And Education Reform: Process Specification In Louisiana, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

As to education, the Louisiana Constitution contains the familiar general mandate for the establishment of a public school system, now ubiquitous among state constitutions. But unlike the founding documents of any of the other states, Louisiana's constitution also provides for a very specific process-based allocation of the responsibilities for determining appropriations levels in education from year to year.

It is well-known that state constitutions often treat numerous—sometimes trivial—subjects, or contain provisions that seem hyper-specific and statutory, rather than foundational and constitutional, and state constitutions have been roundly criticized (and sometimes defended) for these features. In this Article, I argue that …

State Constitutions And Individual Rights: Conceptual Convergence In School Finance Litigation, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

This Article begins by reviewing Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld's “fundamental conceptions” and expanding his theory to the arena of state constitutional rights, building on recent work by other scholars. From this foundation, it moves to a discussion of the sources of rights to education. The Article then examines the text of relevant state constitutional provisions, as well as the ever-changing landscape of school finance litigation, the principal vehicle through which litigants assert constitutional claims based on ostensible education rights. Next, it systematically analyzes the population of reported cases from the highest state courts to identify Hohfeldian conceptions of education rights held …

Justiciability, Adequacy, Advocacy, And The "American Dream", R. Craig Wood

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Judicial Humility: The Enduring Legacy Of Rose V. Council For Better Education, William E. Thro

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Foreword: Rights, Remedies, And Rose, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In this Foreword to the University of Kentucky’s “Rose at 20” Special Feature, I seek to introduce the three featured articles, as well as to identify two major paradigm shifts in school finance litigation that grew out of the Kentucky Supreme Court’s decision in Rose v. Council for Better Education. The Rose decision is commonly thought of as a bridge between prior education litigation strategies founded primarily on theories of equity or equality and subsequent litigation strategies founded primarily on theories of adequacy. Although the distinction between these two strategies is well-worn, it obscures two important changes to …

Is There An Elephant In The Room?: Judicial Review Of Educational Adequacy And The Separation Of Powers In State Constitutions, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Scholarship of education finance adequacy litigation has nearly universally acknowledged the thorny separation of powers problem that this form of litigation presents for state courts. This scholarship tacitly assumes a uniform approach to separation of powers among the states – one that defaults to the federal approach. Proposals for adjudicatory reforms purport either to respect separation of powers principles as we know them from federal case law or to reject the notion that such principles should have real operation in any state courts. However, this scholarship has not addressed, or even acknowledged, what would seem to be a very large …

New Directions In School Funding And Governance: Moving From Politics To Evidence, Benjamin Michael Superfine

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Foreword: Rights, Remedies, And Rose, Scott R. Bauries

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Evolving Role Of The Courts In School Reform Twenty Years After Rose, William S. Koski

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Judicially Reducing The Standard Of Care: An Analysis Of The Bad Faith/Gross Misjudgment Standard In Special Education Discrimination, Drew Miller

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Readin', 'Ritin','Rithmetic, And Responsibility: Advocating For The Development Of Controlled-Choice Student-Assignment Plans After Parents Involved, Sarah Sloan Wilson

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

When Is A "Minor" Also An "Adult"?: An Adolescent's Liberty Interest In Accessing Contraceptives From Public School Distribution Programs, Joshua A. Douglas

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Imagine “Mary,” a sixteen-year-old junior in high school, who has been dating “John,” a seventeen-year-old senior, for three years in a serious relationship. Mary knows that she and John should practice safe sex, and she does not want to become pregnant or catch a sexually transmitted disease. However, she is concerned that her parents will not approve of her activities and will not help her in obtaining contraceptives. John also feels that he is mature enough to make the decision to have sex, yet he knows that his parents will want to consent before he can receive condoms from his …

Introducing The Law Of Nonprofit Organizations And Philanthropy, David A. Brennen

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

On January 5,2007, the Nonprofit and Philanthropy Law Section of AALS held its first program at the AALS Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C. The program, entitled "State-Level Legal Reform of the Law of Nonprofit Organizations," was a fitting way to launch what should prove to be a valuable contribution to the study of law relating to nonprofit organizations and philanthropy. This burgeoning area of academic legal study is well poised to grow by leaps and bounds in the coming years due to its impact on many traditional areas of legal study, including tax law, corporate law, estate law, trust law, …

Florida’S Past And Future Roles In Education Finance Reform Litigation, Scott R. Bauries

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In federalist parlance, the states often are called laboratories of democracy. Nowhere is this truer than in the field of education, and almost no subset of the education field lends itself to this label more than education finance. Since 1973, with very few notable exceptions, the entire development of the practice of education finance has proceeded through state-specific reforms. These reforms have occurred mostly through legislative policymaking, but the courts have played an important role in directing that policy development.

If one were to seek to observe one of these laboratories in action—to witness the interaction of the courts, the …

Academic Misconduct, Athletics Academic Support Services, And The Ncaa, Josephine R. Potuto

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Road To Vouchers: The Supreme Court's Compliance And The Crumbling Of The Wall Of Separation Between Church And State In American Education, Klint Alexander

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Attorney-Client And Work Product Privileges: The Case For Protecting Internal Investigations On The University Campus, Virginia H. Underwood, Richard H. Underwood

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

The authors how to make, or rather to restate, the case for the protection of reports and information generated during internal investigations at public colleges and universities. The results of an informal survey of university lawyers and Equal Protection Opportunity ("EEO") officers conducted by one of the authors prior to a presentation at the June, 2000 National Association of College and University Attorneys ("NACUA") Conference suggest that steps routinely are not taken by university counsel and investigators to assert the attorney-client and work product privileges and protect the fruits of internal investigations from disclosure. This seems odd, since the protection …

When May A State Require Teaching Alternatives To The Theory Of Evolution? Intelligent Design As A Test Case, Stephen L. Marshall

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

School Vaccination Requirements: Historical, Social, And Legal Perspectives, James G. Hodge Jr., Lawrence O. Gostin

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Ncaa V. Lasege And Judicial Intervention In Educational Decisions: The Kentucky Supreme Court Shoots An Air Ball For Kentucky Higher Education, Sheldon Elliot Steinbach

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Scaling The Wall Between Church And State: An Analysis Of The Constitutionality Of School Vouchers, Allison M. Olczak

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Silence Broken: Gebser's New Standard Of School Liability For Title Ix Sexual Harassment, Callie R. Owen

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

At Loggerheads: The Supreme Court And Racial Equality In Public School Education After Missouri V. Jenkins, Roberta M. Harding

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

June 12th of 1995 marked a somber occasion in the annals of school desegregation litigation. On that day, the United States Supreme Court sent disturbing messages in its opinion in Missouri v. Jenkins. The Court's decision hinders achievement of the objective of school desegregation litigation—providing equal educational opportunities for African-American public school children—and detrimentally impacts other substantive areas of civil rights litigation. This article examines what I believe are several important general consequences of Jenkins's the impairment of a trial judge's discretionary equitable remedial powers; the Court's establishment of a new agenda that sacrifices the interests of African-American …

Reflections On The Limitations Of Rational Discourse, Empirical Data, And Legal Mandates As Tools For The Achievement Of Gender Equity In American Higher Education, Susan J. Scollay, Carolyn S. Bratt

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Scholars and academicians implicitly accept and subscribe to the notion that reasoned discourse supported by empirical data is at the core of the academic enterprise. Theoretically, then, organizational change within the academy ought to be attainable through the use of rational processes based upon the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data to define the scope of the problem and to identify logical solutions. However, the centuries-long attempt to achieve gender equity for women in institutions of higher education belies the truth of that belief in the power of reason as a catalyst for reforming American higher education.

Beginning with …

School-Based Decision Making In Kentucky: Dawn Of A New Era Or Nothing New Under The Sun?, Charles J. Russo

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Education Finance Reform Litigation And Separation Of Powers: Kentucky Makes Its Contribution, Troy Reynolds

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Lemon Test And Subjective Intent In Establishment Clause Analysis: The Case For Abandoning The Purpose Prong, Jeffrey S. Theuer

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.