Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Education Law Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

State and Local Government Law

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 391 - 420 of 477

Full-Text Articles in Education Law

The Children Left Behind: How Zero Tolerance Impacts Our Most Vulnerable Youth, Ruth Zweifler, Julia De Beers Jan 2002

The Children Left Behind: How Zero Tolerance Impacts Our Most Vulnerable Youth, Ruth Zweifler, Julia De Beers

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

The Michigan Journal of Race & Law Symposium, February 8th and 9th, 2002, at the University of Michigan examined the issue: Separate but Unequal: The Status of America's Public Schools. In the past, children of color were expressly denied an equal education on the basis of their race. Today's policies deny many children of color access to educational programs and supports, for reasons that are neutral on their face, with devastating consequences to the students, their families and their communities. The following article explores the concerns and experiences of a public service agency with the growing application of "Zero Tolerance" …


Putting Black Kids Into A Trick Bag: Anatomizing The Inner-City Public School Reform, Wilbur C. Rich Jan 2002

Putting Black Kids Into A Trick Bag: Anatomizing The Inner-City Public School Reform, Wilbur C. Rich

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

Part I of this Article discusses the history of Brown, and the legal and political barriers that prevented the nation from fulfilling Brown's promise. Part II, will examine the phenomenon of White flight, which resulted from the efforts to implement the court-ordered desegregation of public schools. The political and economic effects of White flight on school reform efforts will also be examined. Part III will provide the reader with possible explanations for why school desegregation failed. The author will argue that the unexpected complexity of the task of desegregation, the lack of a unified direction among the judiciary, and …


The Sixth Circuit Dropped The Ball: An Analysis Of Brentwood Academy V. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Ass'n In Light Of The Supreme Court's Recent Trends In State Action Jurisprudence, Josiah N. Drew Sep 2001

The Sixth Circuit Dropped The Ball: An Analysis Of Brentwood Academy V. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Ass'n In Light Of The Supreme Court's Recent Trends In State Action Jurisprudence, Josiah N. Drew

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


Violence And Injury In Illinois Schools: Students Deserve A Remedy, 34 J. Marshall L. Rev. 803 (2001), Sarah Lindley Jan 2001

Violence And Injury In Illinois Schools: Students Deserve A Remedy, 34 J. Marshall L. Rev. 803 (2001), Sarah Lindley

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Setting A New Standard For Public Education: Revision 6 Increases The Duty Of The State To Make ‘Adequate Provision’ For Florida Schools, Jon L. Mills, Timothy Mclendon Apr 2000

Setting A New Standard For Public Education: Revision 6 Increases The Duty Of The State To Make ‘Adequate Provision’ For Florida Schools, Jon L. Mills, Timothy Mclendon

UF Law Faculty Publications

Among the nine revisions proposed to Florida voters by the Constitution Revision Commission in 1998, Revision 6 fundamentally enhanced Florida's responsibility for public education. Revision 6 amended Article IX, Section 1, of the Florida Constitution, which sets forth the State's duty to provide for public education. Entitled “PUBLIC EDUCATION OF CHILDREN,” Revision 6 makes a declaration of the relative importance of education to the people of Florida, and describes as “paramount” the duty of the state to adequately provide for education. Revision 6 goes on to detail and raise the constitutional standard for what constitutes “adequate provision” for public education, …


The New Attacks On Religious Freedom Legislation, And Why They Are Wrong, Thomas C. Berg Dec 1999

The New Attacks On Religious Freedom Legislation, And Why They Are Wrong, Thomas C. Berg

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Disestablishing Local School Districts As A Remedy For Educational Inadequacy Note, Aaron J. Saiger Jan 1999

Disestablishing Local School Districts As A Remedy For Educational Inadequacy Note, Aaron J. Saiger

Faculty Scholarship

Most state constitutions recognize a right to education, but courts have been hard pressed to respond to violations of that right. Some state courts have imposed financial and substantive reforms, only to see their implementation miscarry as educational deficiencies stubbornly persist. Other state courts, fearing such outcomes, instead treat education claims as nonjusticiable political questions; in these states, public education is a right with no remedy. This Note argues that courts should instead base remedies on state statutes that permit states to disestablish-i.e., to withdraw authority from-deficient school districts. Disestablishment, like other structural remedies, is largely self-implementing and avoids judicial …


Who's In Control? The Courts, The Legislature And The Public In Colorado's School Finance Debate, Christina D. Ponsa-Kraus, Drew Dunphy Jan 1999

Who's In Control? The Courts, The Legislature And The Public In Colorado's School Finance Debate, Christina D. Ponsa-Kraus, Drew Dunphy

Faculty Scholarship

Colorado's school finance story touches on a number of themes familiar to students of school finance litigation: a struggle between those supporting greater resources and those favoring lower taxes; a shift in focus from equity to adequacy; and the difficulty of fostering an informed, widespread dialogue on school finance given the complexity of the funding system. At the same time, certain factors particular to Colorado – a seeming conflict in the state constitution, a number of strict constitutional amendments, and an unusually strong tradition of local control – have dramatically shaped the state's reform process. With a pending lawsuit seeking …


Establishment Of Religion, Court Of Appeals: Grumet V. Cuomo Jan 1998

Establishment Of Religion, Court Of Appeals: Grumet V. Cuomo

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Advancing Education Through Education Clauses Of State Constitutions, Robert M. Jensen False Mar 1997

Advancing Education Through Education Clauses Of State Constitutions, Robert M. Jensen False

Brigham Young University Education and Law Journal

No abstract provided.


The Promise Of State Constitutionalism: Can It Be Fulfilled In Shef V. O'Neill?, Gayl S. Westerman Jan 1996

The Promise Of State Constitutionalism: Can It Be Fulfilled In Shef V. O'Neill?, Gayl S. Westerman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article reflects on the anomaly of the superior court's decision in Sheff in light of this recent history and recommends that the Connecticut Supreme Court use an alternative, analytical framework based on the Connecticut Constitution to decide the Sheff appeal. This independent approach is equally available to all state courts seeking to resolve fundamental issues under their own constitutions. Only by speaking in a clear, state voice can state courts balance the constitutional vision of the federal courts and fulfill the promise of the state constitutional law movement.


God, Money, And Schools: Voucher Programs Impugn The Separation Of Church And State, 30 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (1996), Harlan A. Loeb, Debbie N. Kaminer Jan 1996

God, Money, And Schools: Voucher Programs Impugn The Separation Of Church And State, 30 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (1996), Harlan A. Loeb, Debbie N. Kaminer

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Taking The Public Out Of Determining Government Policy: The Need For An Appropriate Scope Of Bargaining Test In The Illinois Public Sector, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 531 (1996), Eric C. Scheiner Jan 1996

Taking The Public Out Of Determining Government Policy: The Need For An Appropriate Scope Of Bargaining Test In The Illinois Public Sector, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 531 (1996), Eric C. Scheiner

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


What's In A Name - Nothing Good If It's Friday: The Seventh Circuit Invalidates Good Friday Public School Holiday, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1031 (1996), Joanne Yasus Jan 1996

What's In A Name - Nothing Good If It's Friday: The Seventh Circuit Invalidates Good Friday Public School Holiday, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1031 (1996), Joanne Yasus

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Educational Adequacy: A Theory And Its Remedies, William H. Clune May 1995

Educational Adequacy: A Theory And Its Remedies, William H. Clune

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The Articles in this volume explore a broad range of issues raised by adequacy litigation. This Introduction will summarize the Articles, discuss the theory of adequacy, and explore highlights of the Articles' examination of key aspects of judicial remedies.


Accelerated Education As A Remedy For High-Poverty Schools, William H. Clune May 1995

Accelerated Education As A Remedy For High-Poverty Schools, William H. Clune

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

High-poverty schools, and the students who attend them, have historically faced substantial challenges in providing and receiving, adequate education. Despite some relief from the courts, school finance remedies that require the redistribution of monetary aid to low-wealth districts have encountered strong political opposition. In this Article, Professor Clune makes a renewed claim for accelerated education as the primary focus of adequacy litigation in school reform cases. He describes the nation's educational condition, in which there exists a disturbing correlation between poverty and low educational outcomes. He then drafts a vision of a comprehensive, school reform remedy, one that emphasizes institutional …


School Finance Adequacy As Vertical Equity, Julie K. Underwood May 1995

School Finance Adequacy As Vertical Equity, Julie K. Underwood

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

In this Article, Dean Underwood explains that school finance cases can be divided into three waves of reform. The first wave involved efforts to use the Federal Equal Protection Clause to overturn financing systems. Litigants in the second wave turned to state equal protection and due process clauses. Finally, the third wave involved the utilization of education clauses in state constitutions as the predominant litigation vehicle. These three waves embody two primary approaches to school finance litigation. The first approach involves a challenge to the adequacy of a state's funding system under either the state or federal equal protection clause, …


Establishing Education Program Inadequacy: The Alabama Example, Martha I. Morgan, Adam S. Cohen, Helen Hershkoff May 1995

Establishing Education Program Inadequacy: The Alabama Example, Martha I. Morgan, Adam S. Cohen, Helen Hershkoff

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The authors draw on their experience as attorneys for a statewide class of plaintiff school children in the liability phase of ongoing public education reform litigation in Alabama to demonstrate the availability of state and nationally recognized standards concerning educational resources (inputs) and results (outputs) that can serve as evidentiary tools for assessing and for establishing a state public education system's failure to satisfy constitutional mandates of educational adequacy. The Article discusses the usefulness and limitations of using such standards as a starting point in a court's constitutional analysis. It suggests an integrated approach that links input and output standards …


Achieving Equity And Excellence In Kentucky Education, C. Scott Trimble, Andrew C. Forsaith May 1995

Achieving Equity And Excellence In Kentucky Education, C. Scott Trimble, Andrew C. Forsaith

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

In this Article, Trimble and Forsaith discuss the landmark Kentucky school finance case, Rose v. Council for Better Education, 790 S.W.2d 186 (Ky. 1989), and the school reform efforts it spawned. In Council for Better Education, the Kentucky Supreme Court held that the state had failed its duty under the state constitution to provide all students with an adequate education, which it defined in terms of seven categories of knowledge and skills students should acquire. The State General Assembly responded with the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA), which significantly boosted state funding as well as established an ambitious accountability system …


Oklahoma School Finance Litigation: Shifting From Equity To Adequacy, Mark S. Grossman May 1995

Oklahoma School Finance Litigation: Shifting From Equity To Adequacy, Mark S. Grossman

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article traces the history of Oklahoma school finance litigation from the initial challenge based on funding inequity to a recent lawsuit founded on alleged constitutional inadequacies in the state system. Although the legal challenge based on funding inequity was unsuccessful in the courts, the pendency of the suit helped push the state legislature toward some reforms. The threat of a new lawsuit based on alleged inadequacies in the state school system, together with a serious funding shortfall, propelled a comprehensive education reform plan through the state legislature in 1990. The association of local school boards that led the equity …


School Choice: American Elementary And Secondary Education Enter The Adapt Or Die Environment Of Competitive Marketplace, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 75 (1995), Jonathan B. Cleveland Jan 1995

School Choice: American Elementary And Secondary Education Enter The Adapt Or Die Environment Of Competitive Marketplace, 29 J. Marshall L. Rev. 75 (1995), Jonathan B. Cleveland

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


A Nation Of Robots - The Unconstitutionality Of Public School Uniform Codes, 28 J. Marshall L. Rev. 645 (1995), Alyson Ray Jan 1995

A Nation Of Robots - The Unconstitutionality Of Public School Uniform Codes, 28 J. Marshall L. Rev. 645 (1995), Alyson Ray

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


What's Quality Got To Do With It?: Constitutional Theory, Politics, And Education Reform, Phil Weiser Jan 1995

What's Quality Got To Do With It?: Constitutional Theory, Politics, And Education Reform, Phil Weiser

Publications

No abstract provided.


Frreedom Of Religion Jan 1995

Frreedom Of Religion

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


Multidisciplinary Representation Of Children: Conflicts Over Disclosures Of Client Communications, 27 J. Marshall L. Rev. 617 (1994), Gerard F. Glynn Jan 1994

Multidisciplinary Representation Of Children: Conflicts Over Disclosures Of Client Communications, 27 J. Marshall L. Rev. 617 (1994), Gerard F. Glynn

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


New York's Educational Finance Scheme: Should It Be Declared Unconstitutional?, Janine M. Sarbak Jan 1994

New York's Educational Finance Scheme: Should It Be Declared Unconstitutional?, Janine M. Sarbak

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.


School-Based Decision Making In Kentucky: Dawn Of A New Era Or Nothing New Under The Sun?, Charles J. Russo Jan 1994

School-Based Decision Making In Kentucky: Dawn Of A New Era Or Nothing New Under The Sun?, Charles J. Russo

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Public School Financing In The United States: More On The Dark Side Of Intermediate Structures, John C. Reitz May 1993

Public School Financing In The United States: More On The Dark Side Of Intermediate Structures, John C. Reitz

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Cause, Effect And Constitutional Consequence Of Unequal Funding: Public Education In Illinois, 26 J. Marshall L. Rev. 399 (1993), John F. Watson Jan 1993

The Cause, Effect And Constitutional Consequence Of Unequal Funding: Public Education In Illinois, 26 J. Marshall L. Rev. 399 (1993), John F. Watson

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Equity In Public Education: School-Finance Reform In Michigan, William S. Koski Oct 1992

Equity In Public Education: School-Finance Reform In Michigan, William S. Koski

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Note argues that the only adequate compromise between the pressure to limit taxes and the need to provide both educational quality and equity is to institute a form of full-state funded education. Part I of this Note briefly defines equity in public education and discusses the importance of increasing equity. Part II discusses other values and concerns that arise in the school-finance debate, such as liberty, local control, efficiency, and quality of education. Part III considers several fundamental school-finance alternatives. Part IV provides a historical overview of Michigan school finance reform and a description of the current State School …