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Articles 61 - 90 of 100
Full-Text Articles in Disability Law
The Domestic Incorporation Of Human Rights Law And The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities, Janet E. Lord, Michael Ashley Stein
The Domestic Incorporation Of Human Rights Law And The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities, Janet E. Lord, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
This Article reviews the processes by which domestic-level transposition of international human rights norms may occur as a consequence of human rights treaty ratification, or other means of incorporation. Specifically, we consider the transformative vision of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD or Convention) as a vehicle for fostering national-level disability law and policy changes. In doing so, we outline the challenges and opportunities presented by this new phase in disability rights advocacy, and we draw conclusions that bear generally upon human rights practice and scholarship. We contend that the role of human rights in domestic …
Disabling Prejudice, Michael E. Waterstone, Michael Ashley Stein
Disabling Prejudice, Michael E. Waterstone, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Who Says You're Disabled? The Role Of Medical Evidence In The Ada Definition Of Disability, Deirdre M. Smith
Who Says You're Disabled? The Role Of Medical Evidence In The Ada Definition Of Disability, Deirdre M. Smith
Faculty Publications
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), enacted by Congress seventeen years ago, offered disabled people a hope of equality and access that has not been fulfilled. 1 Court decisions halt an overwhelming majority of claims, particularly in the employment context, at the summary judgment stage. 2 A key mechanism for fencing out disabled people's claims is the pernicious requirement, based upon the very construction of disability that the ADA's proponents aimed to dispel, that medical evidence is required as a threshold matter to demonstrate that the plaintiff is entitled to seek protection under the statute. 3 The medical evidence requirement …
Disability And The Social Contract, Anita Silvers, Michael Ashley Stein
Disability And The Social Contract, Anita Silvers, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Beyond Disability Civil Rights, Michael Ashley Stein, Penelope J.S. Stein
Beyond Disability Civil Rights, Michael Ashley Stein, Penelope J.S. Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Reasonable Burdens: Resolving The Conflict Between Disabled Employees And Their Coworkers, Nicole Buonocore Porter
Reasonable Burdens: Resolving The Conflict Between Disabled Employees And Their Coworkers, Nicole Buonocore Porter
Faculty Publications
This Article addresses one of the most difficult issues under the reasonable accommodation provision of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): how to resolve the conflict that arises when accommodating a disabled employee negatively affects or interferes with the rights of other employees. Several scholars and the Supreme Court (in U.S. Airways, Inc. v. Barnett) have weighed in on this debate, but their analyses fall short of the ultimate goal of this Article--to achieve equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities without unnecessarily interfering with the rights of other employees. In order to achieve that goal, this Article proposes a …
A Quick Overview Of The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities, Michael Ashley Stein
A Quick Overview Of The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Disability Human Rights, Michael Ashley Stein
Disability Human Rights, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
Responding to the absence of an international treaty expressly protecting people with disabilities, the United Nations General Assembly will soon adopt a disability-based human rights convention. This Article examines the theoretical implications of adding disability to the existing canon of human rights, both for individuals with disabilities and for other under-protected people. It develops a "disability human rights paradigm" by combining components of the social model of disability, the human right to development, and Martha Nussbaum's version of the capabilities approach, but filters them through a disability rights perspective to preserve that which provides for individual flourishing and modifying that …
Disability And Employment Discrimination At The Rehnquist Court, Anita Silvers, Michael E. Waterstone, Michael Ashley Stein
Disability And Employment Discrimination At The Rehnquist Court, Anita Silvers, Michael E. Waterstone, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Emergency Preparedness And Disability, Michael E. Waterstone, Michael Ashley Stein
Emergency Preparedness And Disability, Michael E. Waterstone, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Book Review Of Bodies Of Difference: Experiences Of Disability And Institutional Advocacy In The Making Of Modern China, Michael Ashley Stein, Penelope J. S. Stein
Book Review Of Bodies Of Difference: Experiences Of Disability And Institutional Advocacy In The Making Of Modern China, Michael Ashley Stein, Penelope J. S. Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Disability, Disparate Impact, And Class Actions, Michael Ashley Stein, Michael E. Waterstone
Disability, Disparate Impact, And Class Actions, Michael Ashley Stein, Michael E. Waterstone
Faculty Publications
Following Title VII's enactment, group-based employment discrimination actions flourished due to disparate impact theory and the class action device. Courts recognized that subordination that defined a group's social identity was also sufficient legally to bind members together, even when relief had to be issued individually. Woven through these cases was a notion of panethnicity that united inherently unrelated groups into a common identity, for example, Asian Americans. Stringent judicial interpretation subsequently eroded both legal frameworks and it has become increasingly difficult to assert collective employment actions, even against discriminatory practices affecting an entire group. This deconstruction has immensely disadvantaged persons …
Beyond Breimhorst: Appropriate Accommodation Of Students With Learning Disabilities On The Sat, Nancy Leong
Beyond Breimhorst: Appropriate Accommodation Of Students With Learning Disabilities On The Sat, Nancy Leong
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Definition Of Disability In The Americans With Disabilities Act: Its Successes And Shortcomings: Proceedings Of The 2005 Annual Meeting, Association Of American Law Schools Sections On Employment Discrimination Law; Labor Relations And Employment Law; And Law, Medicine And Health Care, Sharona Hoffman, Paul Steven Miller, Chai R. Feldblum, Michael Ashley Stein
The Definition Of Disability In The Americans With Disabilities Act: Its Successes And Shortcomings: Proceedings Of The 2005 Annual Meeting, Association Of American Law Schools Sections On Employment Discrimination Law; Labor Relations And Employment Law; And Law, Medicine And Health Care, Sharona Hoffman, Paul Steven Miller, Chai R. Feldblum, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Generalizing Disability, Michael Ashley Stein
Generalizing Disability, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Chevron Two-Step And The Toyota Sidestep: Dancing Around The Eeoc's Disability Regulations Under The Ada, Lisa A. Eichhorn
The Chevron Two-Step And The Toyota Sidestep: Dancing Around The Eeoc's Disability Regulations Under The Ada, Lisa A. Eichhorn
Faculty Publications
The definition of "disability" is among the most frequently litigated issues under the Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA") because the statute protects only individuals with disabilities. The ADA defines a disability, in part, as an impairment that substantially limits a major life activity, and the EEOC has issued a regulation further defining the term "substantially limits" for purposes of the Act's employment-related provisions. Although the EEOC's regulation is the product of a valid rulemaking process and is entitled to a high degree of deference under settled administrative law principles, the Supreme Court, in Toyota Motor Manufacturing, Kentucky, Inc. v. Williams, …
Same Struggle, Different Difference: Ada Accommodations As Antidiscrimination, Michael Ashley Stein
Same Struggle, Different Difference: Ada Accommodations As Antidiscrimination, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was heralded as an "emancipation proclamation" for people with disabilities, one that would achieve their equality primarily through its reasonable accommodation requirements. Nevertheless, both legal commentators and Supreme Court Justices assert that the ADA's employment mandates distinguish the ADA from earlier antidiscrimination measures, most notably Title VII, because providing accommodations results in something more than equality for the disabled. The Article challenges this prevalent belief by arguing that ADA-mandated accommodations are consistent with other antidiscrimination measures in that each remedies exclusion from employment opportunity by questioning the inherency of established workplace norms, and by …
Under The Empirical Radar: An Initial Expressive Law Analysis Of The Ada, Michael Ashley Stein
Under The Empirical Radar: An Initial Expressive Law Analysis Of The Ada, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Remembering Andrew I. Batavia, Michael Ashley Stein
Remembering Andrew I. Batavia, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Hostile Environment Actions, Title Vii, And The Ada: The Limits Of The Copy-And-Paste Function, Lisa A. Eichhorn
Hostile Environment Actions, Title Vii, And The Ada: The Limits Of The Copy-And-Paste Function, Lisa A. Eichhorn
Faculty Publications
Two federal circuits, borrowing from Title VII jurisprudence, recently recognized a cause of action for a disability-based hostile environment under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Neither opinion, however, considered how the analysis of a disability-based hostile environment claim under the ADA might differ from that of a race- or sex-based hostile environment claim under Title VII. This Article examines the differing theories of equality underlying the two statutes and argues that, because the statutes prohibit discrimination in fundamentally different ways, courts must resist the temptation to copy and paste Title VII doctrine into ADA hostile environment opinions. This Article …
Corrective Justice And Title I Of The Ada, Sharona Hoffman
Corrective Justice And Title I Of The Ada, Sharona Hoffman
Faculty Publications
Several recent studies have shown that employment discrimination plaintiffs filing lawsuits in federal court under Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) win only approximately five percent of their cases. This Article argues that this phenomenon is attributable at least in part to the ADA's very flawed definition of the term "disability." It suggests that the current definition be abandoned and that a new approach be adopted, one that would reshape the ADA's protected class so that it more closely resembles a discrete and insular minority, such as those traditionally protected by the civil rights laws. While Title …
The Law And Economics Of Disability Accommodations, Michael Ashley Stein
The Law And Economics Of Disability Accommodations, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
The Americans with Disabilities Act provides a clear mandate that disabled workers be provided with "reasonable" accommodations, but does not meaningfully articulate the standards by which reasonableness ought to be measured. Until now, neither courts nor commentators have provided a systematic model for analyzing accommodation claims. This Article articulates an initial law and economics framework for analyzing disability-related accommodations. In doing so, it demonstrates how accommodations span a cost continuum that can be divided into areas of Wholly Efficient and Semi-Efficient Accommodations to be funded by private employers, Social Benefit Gain Efficient Accommodations where the costs should be borne by …
Book Review Of Anti-Discrimination Law And The European Union, Michael Ashley Stein
Book Review Of Anti-Discrimination Law And The European Union, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Book Review Of Mental Disability In Victorian England: The Earlswood Asylum 1847-1901, Michael Ashley Stein
Book Review Of Mental Disability In Victorian England: The Earlswood Asylum 1847-1901, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Disability, Employment Policy, And The Supreme Court, Michael Ashley Stein
Disability, Employment Policy, And The Supreme Court, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Disability, Equal Protection, And The Supreme Court: Standing At The Crossroads Of Progressive And Retrogressive Logic In Constitutional Classification, Anita Silvers, Michael Ashley Stein
Disability, Equal Protection, And The Supreme Court: Standing At The Crossroads Of Progressive And Retrogressive Logic In Constitutional Classification, Anita Silvers, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
This Article compares current disability jurisprudence with the development of sex equality jurisprudence in the area of discrimination. It demonstrates that current disability law resembles the abandoned, sexist framework for determining sex equality and argues that disability equality cases should receive similar analysis as the more progressive, current sex equality standard. As such, the Article attempts to synthesize case law (l4th Amendment Equal Protection jurisprudence) and statutory law (Title VII and the ADA) into a comprehensive overview of the state of current disability law viewed within the context of discrimination law in general.
War, Society, And Disability: Some Thoughts On Applying Under-Utilized Methodologies, Michael Ashley Stein
War, Society, And Disability: Some Thoughts On Applying Under-Utilized Methodologies, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Labor Markets, Rationality, And Workers With Disabilities, Michael Ashley Stein
Labor Markets, Rationality, And Workers With Disabilities, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
"Working" With The Ada's "Regarded As" Definition Of A Disability, Thomas Simmons
"Working" With The Ada's "Regarded As" Definition Of A Disability, Thomas Simmons
Faculty Publications
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 prohibits discrimination against and mandates accommodations for individuals with disabilities. As a threshold matter, the Act requires the plaintiff to demonstrate that she is an individual with a disability; that is, that she has an actual disability or is "regarded as" having a disability as the statute defines it. This article discusses the threshold "regarded as" showing as refined by three Supreme Court cases decided in the summer of 1999. Although in the past the "regarded as" definition has often played "second fiddle" to the "actual disability" definition, the author suggests that there …
Empirical Implications Of Title I, Michael Ashley Stein
Empirical Implications Of Title I, Michael Ashley Stein
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.