Criminal Procedure Commons^™

Perils Of The Rulemaking Process: The Development, Application, And Unconstitutionality Of Rule 804(B)(3)'S Penal Interest Exception, Peter W. Tague

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

As the culmination of a decade of rulemaking, in 1975 Congress enacted the Federal Rules of Evidence, which include in rule 804(b)(3) an exception to the hearsay rule that allows federal courts to admit statements against penal interest. Having reviewed previously unpublished memoranda and nonpublic tape recordings of the deliberations of the Advisory and Standing Committees to the Judicial Conference and the Special Subcommittee on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws of the House Judiciary Committee, Professor Tague explores the development of rule 804(b)(3), one of the more controversial rules that emerged from that rulemaking process. After analyzing rule 804(b)(3) and …

The Federal Rules Of Evidence: Six Years After, Paul F. Rothstein

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The Federal Rules of Evidence have been in effect since 1975. Six years of experience is not much time in which to assess such a complex and important body of law. Nevertheless, there is now some "evidence" of the impact of the Federal Rules on the various states and circuits.

The Rules do seem to have proved successful enough to stimulate widespread imitation. Approximately half the states in the United States have or will very shortly have evidence codes patterned substantially on the Rules, even down to their numbers. Many of the remaining states (e.g., Iowa, Illinois, and Pennsylvania) have …

Reflections On Felony-Murder, George P. Fletcher

Faculty Scholarship

Of all the reforms proposed by the Model Penal Code, perhaps none has been less influential than the Model Code's recommendation on the perennial problem of felony-murder. As found in our nineteenth-century criminal codes, the rule has several variations. The basic scheme is to hold the accused liable for murder if the killing is connected in any way with the attempt to commit a felony or the flight from the scene of a felony. It does not matter whether the accused or an accomplice causes the death. Nor does it matter whether the killing occurs accidentally and non-negligently. According to …

Survey Of Developments In West Virginia Law: 1980

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Estelle V. Smith, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Michael M. V. Superior Court Of Sonoma County, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Criminal Trials In Absentia: A Proposed Reform For Indiana, Myra L. Willis

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

An Application Of Double Jeopardy And Collateral Estoppel Principles To Successive Prison Disciplinary And Criminal Prosecutions, Joseph S. Colussi

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Mandatory Life Imprisonment Under Texas Recidivist Statute Not Violative Of Eighth Amendment When Applied To One Convicted Of Three Non-Violent, Property-Related Felonies., Patricia E. Rant

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

Commentary--The Federal Criminal Code Reform Act And New Sentencing Alternatives, Edward M. Kennedy

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Developments In West Virginia Law: 1979

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Involuntary Intoxication Is A Defense In Texas, Lewis Buttles

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.

The Burden Of Proof In Criminal Cases: A Comment On The Mullaney-Patterson Doctrine, Fernand N. Dutile

Journal Articles

The United States Supreme Court's recent ventures into the constitutional requirements concerning the burden of proof in criminal cases justify consideration of their prescriptions, of their consistency and of the constitutional limits of burden-shifting.

Mullaney and Patterson mark not the end of the inquiry but rather its beginning. Although they undoubtedly resolve, whether well or badly, a large number of burden of proof situations, those resolved may be the easier and the more obvious, not the more difficult and the more subtle. In any event, however, these two landmark cases will at least have alerted us to the complex problems …

The Insanity Defense In Juvenile Delinquency Proceedings, Maxine M. Harrington, Ann O'Regan Keary

Faculty Scholarship

The insanity defense in delinquency proceedings poses an important legal dilemma concerning the rights of children in the juvenile justice system. Indeed, beyond the purely legal concerns of the rights of an accused juvenile, the concept of criminal responsibility in the context of juvenile court proceedings raises perhaps an even more important issue of what is the best model for dealing with mentally ill juvenile offenders, both from the juvenile's viewpoint and that of society as a whole. It is our opinion that not only does the insanity defense have an appropriate role in juvenile proceedings, but that legal as …

Exploring The Limits Of Brady V. Maryland: Criminal Discovery As A Due Process Right In Access To Police Investigations And State Crime Laboratories, Walter H. Ohar

University of Richmond Law Review

Why not criminal discovery? This question has been posited by legal scholars and learned jurists alike since the liberalization of discovery methods under the modern codes of civil procedure. As inexact as the term criminal discovery may be and, according to its critics, as inapplicable as discovery may be in the criminal context, there is little doubt that the current trend is the expansion of that which is discoverable by either side prior to a criminal trial. In fact, criminal discovery has developed into something more than a problem of procedure to be resolved by the individual jurisdictions in piecemeal …

Federal Habeas Corpus: Greater Protection For "Innocent" State Prisoners After Jackson V. Virginia, Jennie L. Montgomery

University of Richmond Law Review

In Jackson v. Virginia, the Burger Court recently made an apparent "about face" with regard to the scope of powers extended to a federal habeas corpus court reviewing a state court conviction. On the basis of this ruling, habeas corpus petitioners may now demand federal court examination of whether the evidence produced at their trials was sufficient to justify a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson is, therefore, a significant step beyond the Warren Court rule that due process is violated only when the record is totally devoid of any evidence to support the conviction.

Filling In The Gaps Of Virginia Bail Reform, R. Bryan Hatchett

University of Richmond Law Review

The 1960's and early 1970's witnessed an unprecedented reform of the bail laws of this country. The reform has made it possible for a greater percentage of criminal defendants to be released before trial thereby avoiding the stigma and considerable prejudice flowing from incarceration. Even though the reform has also produced a modest increase in the number of persons who fail to appear for trial, on balance critical response to the reform has been favorable.

Due Process Versus Data Processing: An Analysis Of Computerized Criminal History Information Systems, Donald Doernberg, Donald H. Zeigler

Articles & Chapters

This article, based on a comprehensive empirical study of New York's computerized criminal history information system and on national surveys of similar systems, concludes that current regulations governing the dispersion of criminal history information are grossly inadequate. Although information drawn from computerized criminal history files is often inaccurate, incomplete, ambiguous or inappropriate, criminal justice officials and judges routinely use such information in making decisions affecting defendants' liberty. This practice is unconstitutional, and the article suggests ways to regulate criminal history information systems that would protect a defendant's right not to be deprived of liberty without due process of law.

Investigative Stops In High Crime Areas, Richard A. Gonzales

Faculty Scholarship

This article questions what constitutes reasonable suspicion of criminal activity particularly within high crime area. Some of the referenced cases:

• People v. Cantor, 36 N.Y.2d 106, 365 N.Y.S.2d 509, 324 N.E.2d 872 (1975)
• U.S. v. Magda, 409 F.Supp. 734,740 (S.D. N.Y. 1976)
• Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 ( 1968)
• Sibron v. New York, 392 U.S. 40 ( 1968)
• U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. 873 (1975)
• U.S. v. Flores, 462 F. Supp. 702 (E.D. NS. 1978)
• U.S. v. Oates, 560 F.2d 45, 49 (2d Cir. 1977)
• U.S. v. Constantine, 567 F.2d 266 ( 4th Cir. 1977)
• People v. Bower, 24 …

Corporate Crime And Punishment: A Non-Chicago View Of The Economics Of Criminal Sanctions, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, Professor Coffee argues that fines are an inefficient means by which to deter organizational crimes. Instead, he urges a focus on the individual decision-maker and a system of competitive bids with respect to the choice of a fine as an alternative punishment.

The Cry Of Wolfish In The Federal Courts: The Future Of Federal Judicial Intervention In Prison Administration, Ira Robbins

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Introduction: In Bell v. Wolfish, the United States Supreme Court held that, with respect to conditions or restrictions having no specific constitutional source for protection, a pretrial detainee in a federal correctional center has a right under the due process clause of the fifth amendment to be free from any punitive conditions or restrictions during detention. The Court further held that all of the challenged practices and conditions were valid because they were rationally related to the legitimate non-punitive purposes of the detention center. Thus, the correctional facility could place two detainees in a cell built for one, prohibit …

Eyewitness Identification In War Crimes Trials, Debra H. Nesselson, Steven Lubet

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Race And Sentencing Equality In Kentucky, Robert L. Hurley

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Disparity in sentencing felons based on racial considerations has long has been considered a problem for civil libertarians and scholars alike. Examining data gathered in Kentucky, this thesis addresses this issue through the application of recently developed methodological techniques. Utilizing an index of sentencing equality, this study shows that while differences do exist in black and white offender offense characteristics, these differences do not account for the variations in sentences rendered in cases of white as opposed to black felons. This exploratory research reviews and critiques previous research and provides evidence which should prove useful in resolving the problem of …

Constitutional Law-Criminal Law-Pretrial Detainees May Be Subjected To Conditions Of Confinement Reasonably Related To Legitimate Government Objectives-Bell V. Wolfish, 99 S. Ct. 1861 (1979).

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Roberts V. United States, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Payton V. New York, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

United States V. Crews, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Rawlings V. Kentucky, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Adams V. Texas, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

United States V. Havens, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.