Criminal Law Commons^™

Double Jeopardy

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Double Jeopardy

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Due Process

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Right To Counsel

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Tribe V. No Runner, 90-Ap-20 (Blkft. Tr. Ct. App., Oct. 1, 1990), Blackfeet Appellate Court

Court Decisions

In the Blackfeet Tribal Court of Appeals, the Court denied an appeal of a convicted Indian person. The Court reiterated that, pursuant to the Blackfeet Tribal Law and Order Code, Ch. 4, Sec. 1, “a judge can sentence a convicted Indian person to: 1) work for the tribe, 2) imprisonment and/or fine, and 3) restitution to the injured party, at the discretion of the sitting judge as to what sentence is imposed.

Washington's New Sexual Offender Civil Commitment System: An Unconstitutional Commitment System And Unwise Policy Choice, Brian G. Bodine

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment will discuss the portion of the legislation that established the system of involuntary civil commitment of violent sexual predators [hereinafter Violent Sexual Predator Commitment System]. This Comment will explore whether the Violent Sexual Predator Commitment System could withstand procedural and substantive due process challenges. Additionally, because the system is premised on a mental disorder of the sexually violent person, the commitment scheme will also be compared with the Involuntary Treatment Act's civil commitment system, to determine whether the Violent Sexual Predator Commitment System violates the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment to the United States Constitution. After …

Form And Function In The Administration Of Justice: The Bill Of Rights And Federal Habeas Corpus, Larry Yackle

Faculty Scholarship

Part I critiques the Report's insistence that accurate fact finding exhausts, or nearly exhausts, the objectives of criminal justice, identifies the fundamental role of the Bill of Rights in the American political order, and situates federal habeas corpus within that framework. Part II traces the Report's historical review of the federal habeas jurisdiction and critiques the Report's too-convenient reliance on selected materials that, on examination, fail to undermine conventional understandings of the writ's development as a postconviction remedy. Part III responds to the Report's complaints regarding current habeas corpus practice and refutes contentions that the habeas jurisdiction overburdens federal dockets …

Survey Of Washington Search And Seizure Law: 1988 Update, Justice Robert F. Utter

Seattle University Law Review

This is a revision of the original Search and Seizure Survey published in The University of Puget Sound Law Review volume 9, number 1 (Fall 1985). This Survey, as did the first Survey, summarizes the predominant treatment of search and seizure issues under the fourth amendment and under article I, section 7 to the extent that this state provision is interpreted differently from the federal. The Survey focuses primarily on substantive search and seizure law in the criminal context; it omits discussion of many procedural issues such as retroactivity.

Self-Defense, Paul C. Giannelli

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Self-Defense In Kentucky: A Need For Clarification Or Revision, Robert G. Lawson, William S. Cooper

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Recent prosecutions have pushed Kentucky’s concept of self-defense beyond the limits of tolerance for complexity and confusion. There is little doubt that there exists a critical need to clarify or to revise the Kentucky law of self-defense. A demonstration of this need and a description of its nature are the principal objectives of this article. To accomplish these objectives, it is necessary to provide some information about the recent history of homicide and self-defense in Kentucky and to describe some important recent interpretations of this law by the Supreme Court of Kentucky.

The Scope Of Criminal Restitution: Awarding Unliquidated Damages In Sentencing Hearings, Bradford Mank

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

During the past several years a variety of victim groups have forced the criminal justice system to pay more attention to the restitution needs of victims! Criminal courts, however, are still limited in the types of restitution they may award. Typically, sentencing judges can award restitution for the whole range of liquidated damages including the value of stolen or destroyed property, medical expenses, and lost past wages. In most jurisdictions, however, criminal courts cannot award restitution for unliquidated damages involving compensation for pain and suffering, or for lost future earning capacity. Crime victims must initiate a civil suit at their …

Insanity And Related Issues, Paul C. Giannelli

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Constitutional Right To An Appeal: Guarding Against Unacceptable Risks Of Erroneous Conviction, James E. Lobsenz

Seattle University Law Review

The many consequences of "constitutionalizing" the right to appeal become evident only when one answers certain underlying questions about the nature of an appeal. What are the essential elements of an appeal? Why should we view the criminal defendant's right to appeal as an element of due process of law? Part II of this Article seeks to develop a theoretical due process framework for use in deciding when the right to appeal under article I, section 22 of the Washington Constitution has been unconstitutionally abridged or denied. Part III contains an analysis of oral argument as an essential element of …

Transfer Of Jurisdiction From The Juvenile Court, Paul C. Giannelli

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The New Sentencing Law, Paul C. Giannelli

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Hearsay Exception For Public Records In Federal Criminal Trials, Vincent C. Alexander

Faculty Publications

The hearsay exception for "public records" was recognized at common law and has been further developed in most jurisdictions by statute. The reliability of public records is said to derive from the presumption of regularity and accuracy that attends the recording of events by public officials. As with the hearsay exception for recordsmade in the regular course of a private business, the reliability of many public records is enhanced by the routine and repetitive circumstancesunder which such records are made. An additional justificationfor the admission of public records is public convenience: If government employees are continually required to testify in …

Intracorporate Plurality In Criminal Conspiracy Law, Sarah N. Welling

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

The concept of conspiracy currently plays a significant role in three areas of substantive law: antitrust, civil rights, and criminal law. Although the role of conspiracy in these substantive areas of law differs in many ways, all three require that the conspiracy consist of a plurality of actors. Determining what constitutes a plurality of actors when all the alleged conspirators are agents of a single corporation poses a continuing problem.

This problem raises two distinct questions. The first is whether, when one agent acts alone within the scope of corporate business, the agent and the corporation constitute a plurality. The …

The Expanding Right To Counsel In New York, Debra M. Zverins

Fordham Urban Law Journal

A series of recent New York Court of Appeals decisions have upheld the right of a criminal suspect to have the assistance of an attorney at every stage of legal proceedings against him. This approach is considered by some to be problematic, imposing onerous burdens on police which impede effective law enforcement. This Note discusses the criminal defendant's pre-trial right to counsel in New York. Section II outlines the historical development of this fundamental right. Judicial expansions of the pre-trial right to counsel, including the People v. Bartolomeo decision, are analyzed in Section III with a view toward their effect …

Probable Cause Based On Inaccurate Computer Information: Taking Judicial Notice Of Ncic Operating Policies And Procedures, Patrick Hand

Fordham Urban Law Journal

The National Crime Information Center (NCIC) is the most comprehensive computerized system for storing criminal justice information. It is managed by the FBI, but is used at the federal, state, and local level as an investigative tool. The use of computerized criminal information has raised questions in cases where an arrest was made relying on computer information which later proved to have been inaccurate. This Note discusses the fourth amendment implications of arrest based on inaccurate computer information and articulates the circumstances under which such an arrest should be upheld. NCIC safeguards are discussed and it is recommended that the …

Speedy Trials: Recent Developments Concerning A Vital Right, Stephen F. Chepiga

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Historically, Anglo-American law has jealously guarded the right of an accused to have a speedy trial in a criminal prosecution. It is extended to defendants in federal cases by the sixth amendment to the Constitution. Through incorporation into the fourteenth amendment, the protection is likewise available to defendants in state prosecutions. Notwithstanding constitutional provisions and Supreme Court decisions, the concept of a speedy trial has always been ambiguous. Until recent times it has been considered a matter that could only be defined in the context of the special circumstances of individual cases. The right was said to be “consistent with …

Criminal Law--Rape--Cautionary Instruction In Sex Offense Trial Relating Prosecutrix's Credibility To The Nature Of The Crime Charged Is No Longer Mandatory; Discretionary Use Is Disapproved

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Defendant was convicted of rape, oral copulation, and attempted sodomy in Superior Court, Los Angeles County. The case against him rested predominantly on the testimony of his adult victim, partially corroborated as to identity by a scratch on defendant’s forehead, and further substantiated by defendant’s “if I did it I was drunk” admission to the police. The defendant appealed alleging error by the trial judge for failing to give a mandatory cautionary instruction. The California Supreme Court held that because the defendant was entitled to the cautionary instruction the trial judge had committed error in refusing to give it. Such …

Kentucky Penal Code: The Culpable Mental States And Related Matters, Robert G. Lawson

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

All efforts to improve the criminal law of this commonwealth prior to 1972 were directed toward relatively narrow problems. Legislative changes in the law had been made from time to time, almost always without conscious regard for the manner in which related principles were affected. Defects of considerable importance resulted. The criminal law became substantially disjointed and difficult of administration. Unjust and inequitable treatment of offenders was more prominent than its opposite. In some instances sanctions were clearly inadequate for the type of behavior sought to be controlled. In others they were grossly disproportionate to the social harms used to …

Sentencing: The Use Of Psychiatric Information And Presentence Reports, Rutheford B. Campbell Jr.

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

It has become apparent that the two disciplines of law and psychiatry have a common "interface" in the field of criminal justice. Commentators generally agree that the administration of criminal justice is greatly aided by psychiatrists and psychiatric data. That is not to say, however, that the meeting of the disciplines has been without incident or misunderstanding. Problems have arisen because of divergent attitudes and goals of the professions. Some commentators say that the concerns of the two disciplines are not the same; others claim that much of the problem lies in the over-estimation of the certainty and reliability of …

Sentencing: The Good, The Bad, And The Enlightened, Rutheford B. Campbell Jr., Bill Cunningham

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In June, 1968 the Kentucky Crime Commission, in keeping with legislative instruction, made certain recommendations for a change in Kentucky's current treatment of crime and punishment. Within its report was a suggestion that sentencing in all non-capital criminal cases be rendered by the judge instead of the jury. Thus, it must be emphasized that this discussion is confined only to sentencing in noncapital cases.

The authors have arrived at a definite recommendation which is offered at the conclusion of the paper. It is our opinion that the suggestion outlined is not only the most efficient and proper but also the …

The Law Of Presumptions: A Look At Confusion, Kentucky Style, Robert G. Lawson

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Over the years the term “presumption” has been used by virtually all courts to “designate what are more accurately termed inferences or substantive rules of law.” It has also been used as a “loose synonym for presumption of fact, presumption of law, rebuttable presumption, and irrebuttable presumption.” To this list the Kentucky Court of Appeals had added mandatory presumption, presumptive evidence, and prima facie case. Perhaps of more significance than the indiscriminate use of terminology is the extent to which courts have used “presumptions” to describe judicial reasoning of various kinds and to perform chores more appropriate to unrelated procedural …

Compellability Of One Spouse To Testify Against The Other In Criminal Cases, M. Pete Moser

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Is Burglary A Felony Or Misdemeanor In Maryland? - Copeland V. Warden

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Criminal Law--Keeping Place Of Prostitution--Circumstantial Evidence Of Corpus Delicti, G. R. A. Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Evidence--Hearsay--Spontaneous Exclamation, C. W. W. Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.