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Articles 91 - 120 of 264
Full-Text Articles in Criminal Law
International Perspectives On Correcting Wrongful Convictions: The Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission, Lissa Griffin
International Perspectives On Correcting Wrongful Convictions: The Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission, Lissa Griffin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Part I of this Article traces the history of the Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission (SCCRC) and outlines the procedures employed by the SCCRC after an application is received, with particular attention to its extensive investigatory procedures. It also describes and analyzes the standards for referral of an application to the Scottish court. Part II briefly sets forth the statistics concerning applications, referrals, and judicial decisions. Part III includes an analysis of the SCCRC’s work by looking at the cases that have been referred and decided by the court. Those cases are divided into several categories: fresh evidence referrals, referrals …
From Peer-To-Peer Networks To Cloud Computing: How Technology Is Redefining Child Pornography Laws, Audrey Rogers
From Peer-To-Peer Networks To Cloud Computing: How Technology Is Redefining Child Pornography Laws, Audrey Rogers
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This Article traces the history of the child pornography laws and sentencing policy in Part I. Part II explains the technologies that have caused some of the current controversies, and then Part III describes how these technologies have blurred the offenses. Finally, Part IV makes suggestions as to how the law could better reflect technology and comport with a refined harm rationale. Courts, legal scholars, and medical experts have explained the harm includes the sexual abuse captured in the images and the psychological injury the victim endures knowing the images are being viewed. This Article further develops the harm rationale …
Is There A Legal Recourse Available In New York When The Press Fails To Protect The Identity Of A Child Abuse Victim?, John H. Wilson
Is There A Legal Recourse Available In New York When The Press Fails To Protect The Identity Of A Child Abuse Victim?, John H. Wilson
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Reading Between The Lines: Charging Instruments At The Ictr And The Icc, Claire Knittel
Reading Between The Lines: Charging Instruments At The Ictr And The Icc, Claire Knittel
Pace Law Review
International criminal procedure, including the principle of notice, has grown exponentially from the Nuremburg Trials conducted after WWII, but the tribunals of today still face many sticky procedural issues. This Article will focus on two problems that the ICTR and the International Criminal Court (ICC), respectively, have faced with regard to notice. Part I reviews the jurisprudence of the ICTR and ICC, focusing particularly on requirements of notice and the requirements of the charging instruments in each tribunal. Part II discusses in detail a problem that each tribunal is facing: vagueness in the indictment at the ICTR and informal changes …
Unlocking The Courthouse Door: Removing The Barrier Of The Plra’S Physical Injury Requirement To Permit Meaningful Judicial Oversight Of Abuses In Supermax Prisons And Isolation Units, Michael B. Mushlin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In recent years the number of inmates held in isolation in American prisons has increased dramatically. At the same serious abuses have occurred in these isolation units. These abuses, which include subjecting inmates to degrading, humiliating and unnecessary suffering, often do not cause physical injury. Even though constitutional rights are violated by these acts, federal courts have often failed to provide relief to victims of these abuses. The reason is that the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) deprives federal courts of the ability to provide relief from degrading and even torturous behavior if there is not physical injury. This article …
Preplea Disclosure Of Impeachment Evidence, Bennett L. Gershman
Preplea Disclosure Of Impeachment Evidence, Bennett L. Gershman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Response to R. Michael Cassidy, Plea Bargaining, Discovery, and the Intractable Problem of Impeachment Disclosures, 64 Vand. L. Rev. 1429 (2011)
The Delinquent “Toddler”, Merril Sobie
The Delinquent “Toddler”, Merril Sobie
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Twenty-first century juvenile justice jurisprudence has focused on the criminal responsibility of adolescents, including, notably, the interface between psychological and neurological development and social accountability. The focus has led to a growing awareness that teenagers should not be equated with or held as accountable as adults. For example, several states, including Connecticut, Illinois, and Mississippi, have raised the age of criminal responsibility from 16 or 17 to 18, with a corresponding expansion of juvenile court jurisdiction. Of potentially greater significance, the principle of diminished criminal responsibility has gained credibility. Witness, for example, the US Supreme Court holding that capital punishment …
Educating Prosecutors And Supreme Court Justices About Brady V. Maryland, Bennett L. Gershman
Educating Prosecutors And Supreme Court Justices About Brady V. Maryland, Bennett L. Gershman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The author reviews the Supreme Court decision in Connick v. Thompson and provides a course outline, including problems, for training prosecutors on their duty to disclose materially favorable evidence to the defendant under Brady v. Maryland.
Judicial Interference With Effective Assistance Of Counsel, Bennett L. Gershman
Judicial Interference With Effective Assistance Of Counsel, Bennett L. Gershman
Pace Law Review
Probably the most damaging external impediment to a lawyer’s ability to render effective assistance to a client may come from the interference by the trial judge in counsel’s advocacy. A judge supervises the conduct of a trial but he is more than a mere umpire or moderator. A trial judge, by his rulings, questions, and comments, has an enormous capacity to affect the merits of a party’s case and thereby influence the verdict of the jury. To be sure, the basic requirement of a trial judge, both legally and ethically, is to be impartial in demeanor as well as in …
Pretrial Procedures For Innocent People: Reforming Brady, Lissa Griffin
Pretrial Procedures For Innocent People: Reforming Brady, Lissa Griffin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In this article, the author proposes that the prosecution’s obligation to disclose exculpatory information to the defense be formalized by statute, court rule, or internal protocol in ways that would reflect the current state of our knowledge of and experience with both Brady and wrongful convictions. This would improve on the current ineffective constitutional protection—and any existing statutory or rule-based regimes—in several ways. First, such a formalized regime would require disclosure of all materials that are reasonably helpful to the defense. Second, unlike the constitutional doctrine, which provides no reliable mechanism for monitoring police disclosure to the prosecution, an accompanying …
Judicial Interference With Effective Assistance Of Counsel, Bennett L. Gershman
Judicial Interference With Effective Assistance Of Counsel, Bennett L. Gershman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
A lawyer’s ineffective representation of a client may be attributable to a lawyer’s own personal failings. However, impairment of the right to effective assistance of counsel may also come from a trial judge’s conduct, and can takes many forms, and occur in varying circumstances. It is therefore difficult to formulate clear principles to cover all of the various situations in which a judge can undermine effective representation. The Borukhova and Mallayev case is only the most recent illustration of the way a ruling of a judge – forcing the lawyer to sum up his case without giving the lawyer adequate …
Prosecutorial Decisionmaking And Discretion In The Charging Function, Bennett L. Gershman
Prosecutorial Decisionmaking And Discretion In The Charging Function, Bennett L. Gershman
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
A prosecutor's charging decision is the heart of the prosecution function. The charging decision involves an extraordinary exercise of discretionary power that is unreviewable. As a result, the decision is difficult to guide except in the broadest terms. The proposed revisions to the ABA's Criminal Justice Standards for the Prosecution Function attempt to address several key issues that inform the charging decision, by broadening the language of several provisions of the current Standards as well as adding several new provisions. To be sure, the proposed Standards significantly change the current Standards with respect to the proper factors and considerations affecting …
The Pluralism Of International Criminal Law, Alexander K.A. Greenawalt
The Pluralism Of International Criminal Law, Alexander K.A. Greenawalt
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This Article develops a pluralistic account of substantive international criminal law (ICL). Challenging the dominant assumption among theorists and practitioners, it argues that the search for consistency and uniformity in ICL is misguided, that the law applicable to international crimes should not be the same in all cases, and that those guilty of like crimes should not always receive like sentences. In lieu of a one-size-fits-all criminal law, this Article proposes a four-tiered model of ICL that takes seriously the national laws of the state or states that, under normal circumstances, would be expected to assert jurisdiction over a case. …
Let The Sunshine In: The Aba And Prison Oversight, Michael B. Mushlin
Let The Sunshine In: The Aba And Prison Oversight, Michael B. Mushlin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
2010 may be remembered as the year in which prison oversight finally found a place on the national correction agenda, thanks in significant part to the attention that the American Bar Association has focused on this topic. In this article, we briefly describe the state of American prisons, trace the recent movement toward prison oversight, describe the rationale for oversight and the benefits it provides, and describe the contribution made to this effort by the ABA through the passage of its landmark resolution in 2008, through its Standards on the Treatment of Prisoners calling for prison oversight, and through the …
When An Offense Is Not An Offense: Rethinking The Supreme Court’S Reasonable Doubt Jurisprudence, Luis E. Chiesa
When An Offense Is Not An Offense: Rethinking The Supreme Court’S Reasonable Doubt Jurisprudence, Luis E. Chiesa
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Consent Is Not A Defense To Battery: A Reply To Professor Bergelson, Luis E. Chiesa
Consent Is Not A Defense To Battery: A Reply To Professor Bergelson, Luis E. Chiesa
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Professor Vera Bergelson expressed puzzlement over the fact that those who feel "trapped in the wrong body" can "consent to a sex change operation, which often involves the removal of healthy sexual organs," whereas those who would feel happier being amputees "cannot consent to amputation of an arm or a leg.” Bergelson is equally puzzled by the fact that a spouse may physically injure her partner pursuant to practices of religious flagellation, but she may not cause similar injuries pursuant to sadomasochistic sexual practices. The purpose of this brief essay is to explain why I believe that the aforementioned cases …
Punishing Without Free Will, Luis E. Chiesa
Punishing Without Free Will, Luis E. Chiesa
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
This Article will argue that there are good moral reasons to conclude that the scientific plausibility of determinism ought to lead us to abandon the notion of free will. Contra P. F. Strawson and Moore, this Article suggests that rejecting free will does not undermine the human experience, and doing so is plausible and attractive because it would likely lead to more humane and efficient institutions of blaming and punishing.
Annotated Bibliography On Independent Prison Oversight, Michele Deitch
Annotated Bibliography On Independent Prison Oversight, Michele Deitch
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Independent Correctional Oversight Mechanisms Across The United States: A 50-State Inventory, Michele Deitch
Independent Correctional Oversight Mechanisms Across The United States: A 50-State Inventory, Michele Deitch
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Getting To Yes In A Plra World, Elizabeth Alexander
Getting To Yes In A Plra World, Elizabeth Alexander
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Effective Corrections Oversight: What Can We Learn From Aca Standards And Accreditation?, David M. Bogard
Effective Corrections Oversight: What Can We Learn From Aca Standards And Accreditation?, David M. Bogard
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Accrediting The Accreditors: A New Paradigm For Correctional Oversight, Lynn S. Branham
Accrediting The Accreditors: A New Paradigm For Correctional Oversight, Lynn S. Branham
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Reflections On A Government Model Of Correctional Oversight, Richard T. Wolf
Reflections On A Government Model Of Correctional Oversight, Richard T. Wolf
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Ensuring Progress: Accountability Standards Recommended By The National Prison Rape Elimination Commission, Jamie Fellner
Ensuring Progress: Accountability Standards Recommended By The National Prison Rape Elimination Commission, Jamie Fellner
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Role Of The Correctional Association Of New York In A New Paradigm Of Prison Monitoring, Jack Beck
Role Of The Correctional Association Of New York In A New Paradigm Of Prison Monitoring, Jack Beck
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Oversight Of Law Enforcement Is Beneficial And Needed—Both Inside And Out, Barbara Attard
Oversight Of Law Enforcement Is Beneficial And Needed—Both Inside And Out, Barbara Attard
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Civilian Organizations With Prison Access And Citizen Members—The New York Experience, John M. Brickman
The Role Of Civilian Organizations With Prison Access And Citizen Members—The New York Experience, John M. Brickman
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
Prison Inspection And The Protection Of Prisoners’ Rights, Anne Owers
Prison Inspection And The Protection Of Prisoners’ Rights, Anne Owers
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Ombudsman As A Monitor Of Human Rights In Canadian Federal Corrections, Howard Sapers, Ivan Zinger
The Ombudsman As A Monitor Of Human Rights In Canadian Federal Corrections, Howard Sapers, Ivan Zinger
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Citizens And Non-Profit Advocacy Organizations In Providing Oversight, Vivien Stern
The Role Of Citizens And Non-Profit Advocacy Organizations In Providing Oversight, Vivien Stern
Pace Law Review
No abstract provided.