Criminal Law Commons^™

Collateral Attacks On Convictions: A Survey Of Federal Remedies, 12 J. Marshall J. Prac. & Proc. 27 (1978), Martha A. Mills, Sue A. Herrmann

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Criminal Procedure - Due Process Is Not Violated When Prosecutor Carries Out Threat To Bring Increased Charges After Defendant Refuses To Plead Guilty During Plea Bargaining Session, Catherine N. Jasons

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

A Trial Court Working With Rule 1100, Merna B. Marshall, Joseph H. Reiter

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Pretrial Discovery And Inspection - New Criminal Rules For Pennsylvania, Madeline Hartsell Lamb

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Improving Police Discretion Rationality In Handling Public Inebriates Part Ii, David Aaronson

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Theory And Reform Of Criminal Law, Jerome Hall

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Federal Habeas Corpus And Ineffective Representation Of Counsel: The Supreme Court Has Work To Do, Peter W. Tague

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The availability of federal habeas corpus relief for state criminal defendants has always borne a complex relationship to state rules barring defendants from litigating constitutional claims in state court because of procedural defaults in raising those claims. The Warren Court's landmark attempt to resolve this relationship was the 1963 decision in Fay v. Noia, which asserted that a state procedural forfeiture rule could not bar federal habeas review of a constitutional claim unless the defendant had "deliberately bypassed" the procedural opportunity to raise the claim; the Court defined "deliberate bypass" in terms of a defendant's intentional and voluntary relinquishment of …

Prison Inmate Marriages: A Survey And A Proposal, Jackson M. Bruce, John M. Claytor, Herman C. Daniel Iii

University of Richmond Law Review

This comment explores one facet of the issue of inmate civil rights: the right to marry. An analysis will be made of the current situation nationwide with particular emphasis on Virginia, including proposed guidelines for Virginia's Department of Corrections that reflect the current national trend with regard to inmate marriages.

Changing The Public Drunkenness Laws: The Impact Of Decriminalization, David Aaronson

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Laws that decriminalize public drunkenness continue to use the police as the major intake agent for public inebriates under the "new" public health model of detoxification and treatment. Assuming that decriminalization introduces many disincentives to police intervention using legally sanctioned procedures, we hypothesize that it will be fol- lowed by a statistically significant decline in the number of public inebriates formally handled by the police in the manner designated by the "law in the books." Using an "interrupted time-series quasi- experiment" based on a "stratified multiple-group single-I design," we confirm this hypothesis for Washington, D.C., and Minneapolis, Minnesota. However, through …

Bordenkircher V. Hayes: Ignoring Prosecutorial Abuses In Plea Bargaining, Stephen F. Ross

Faculty Scholarship

In Bordenkircher v. Hayes, the United States Supreme Court upheld a conviction on a charge the prosecutor admittedly filed solely because the defendant refused to plead guilty to another set of charges. Hayes is a sudden departure from a line of cases in which the Court refused to allow prosecutorial charging decisions to be made to discourage a criminal defendant from exercising constitutional or procedural rights. The decision effectively removes plea bargaining from its constitutional premise: the "mutuality of advantage" between the prosecutor and the defendant. Rather than approving the broad exercise of prosecutorial discretion in plea negotiations, the …

Improving Police Discretion: Rationality In Handling Public Inebriates Part Ii, David Aaronson, C. Dienes, Michael Musheno

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

In 1913 Eugene Ehrlich spoke of the living law when he stated that "[a]t the present as well as at any other time, the center of gravity of legal development lies not in legislation, nor in juristic science, nor in judicial decision, but in society itself.' This article is premised on the belief that Ehrlich's perception is as valid today as it was then. If you want to know the law relating to public intoxication you cannot be content with the statutes and ordinances, in the court decisions nor even the administrative rules and regulations of those charged with enforcing …

Sentencing In Indiana: Appellate Review Of The Trial Court's Discretion, John Eric Smithburn

Journal Articles

Two significant developments, legislative and judicial, have taken place in Indiana criminal law in recent months which may offer an effective response to the problem of unguided discretionary sentencing. The Indiana Penal Code has been revised to require that the trial court, before sentencing a convicted felon, conduct a separate hearing for the purpose of determining the appropriate sentence and to make a record of the hearing which must include a statement of the court's reasons for selecting the sentence imposed. The General Assembly has also provided specific directives which the trial court must consider in determining a proper sentence …

Why Do We Punish?: The Case For Retributive Justice, Joseph Weiler

All Faculty Publications

The never-ending debate about the substantive and procedural rules in our criminal justice system rarely addresses itself to the most fundamental question- why do we punish at all? The answer to this threshold question has traditionally taken one of two lines, retributionist or utilitarian. On the one hand, there is the view that punishment of the morally derelict is its own justification for it is right for the wicked to be punished. This imperative flows from a view of the very nature of man as a responsible moral agent to whom rewards or punishment should be assessed according to the …

Postconviction Habeas Corpus Relief In Georgia: A Decade After The Habeas Corpus Act, Donald E. Wilkes Jr.

Scholarly Works

Part II of this Article will highlight the grounds for relief from a conviction or sentence that were available to a Georgia prisoner prior to 1967 and the procedural obstacles to relief that existed. Part III will explore the grounds for relief currently available, and Part IV will examine the procedural obstacles to postconviction relief that remain. Part V will briefly summarize the availability of postconfiction relief in federal court to determine whether the 1967 Act has in fact eliminated the friction between the state courts and the federal courts.

The Repressed Issues Of Sentencing: Accountability, Predictability, And Equality In The Era Of The Sentencing Commission, John C. Coffee Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

The existence of disparities in the sentences imposed on equally culpable offenders has long been a subject of jurisprudential concern. The author provides a critique of recent efforts to objectify the sentencing process that rely on a matrix table prescribing guideline sentence lengths on the basis of offense severity and predictions of recidivism. With particular emphasis on the Sentencing Commission authorized by pending federal legislation, he urges the need for political accountability in the body that inevitably makes value judgments in the preparation and administration of such a guideline system. Finally, the author discusses the normative issues that surround the …

Effects Of Corroboration Instructions In A Rape Case On Experimental Juries, Valerie P. Hans, Neil Brooks

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The rules of evidence have evolved, in the main, to protect the jury from being misled, prejudiced or confused by certain types of evidence which might be presented to it. The rules attempt to achieve this purpose by utilizing a number of techniques, which were fashioned by common law judges. First, evidence which gives rise to these dangers might be excluded from the jury's consideration altogether. Secondly, such evidence might have to be corroborated by other evidence before the jury is permitted to reach a verdict in the case. Thirdly, the judge might be compelled to instruct the jury that …

Bell V. Ohio, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Lockett V. Ohio, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

United States V. Ceccolini, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Ballew V. Georgia, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Develpoments In West Virginia Law: 1977, Joseph W. Bowman, Thomas Evans, Janet Archer Goodwin, Laura Jane Kelly, Kenneth E. Tawney

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Developments In West Virginia Law: 1976

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Stone V. Powell: Scope Of Habeas Corpus Restricted, 10 J. Marshall J. Of Prac. & Proc. 401 (1977), Thomas M. Kilbane Jr.

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Voir Dire Of Jurors: Constitutional Limits To The Right Of Inquiry Into Prejudice, Jeffrey M. Gaba

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Although the voir dire of jurors is one of the most significant mechanisms by which an impartial jury is secured, as a practical matter the right to examine prospective jurors is not unlimited. Vested with great discretion, a trial judge may at some point constitutionally preclude inquiry into possible prejudice, but determining that point has not proved to be easy. In 1976, the Supreme Court in Ristaino v. Ross directly considered the constitutional limits to voir dire and provided a test which could serve as a guide to trial court administration of the process. The Court suggested that questioning about …

The Opportunity Test Of Stone V. Powell: Toward A Redefinition Of Federal Habeas Corpus, Charles D. Ossola

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Conspiracy And Federal Jurisdiction: From Crimmins To Feola, Mark Berger

Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

The Second Circuit Review--1975-76 Term: Courts-- Evidence & Procedure: Commentary: The Second Circuit And The Federal Rules Of Evidence, Paul F. Rothstein

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The most significant development in federal trial procedure in recent years has been the enactment of the Federal Rules of Evidence, effective July 1, 1975. In the intervening two years since the Rules became effective, the courts of the Second Circuit have bad occasion to make several illuminating applications of and references to them.

An examination of some of these decisions provides insight into the kinds of questions that are coming up not only in the Second Circuit, but around the country, and the kinds of answers that are being given. It is not the bizarre or unusual case that …

The Attempt To Improve Criminal Defense Representation, Peter W. Tague

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Improvement of criminal defense representation is one of the most critical problems that faces the criminal justice system. The problem is extensive; some attorneys are frequently ineffective and probably all attorneys are occasionally inadequate because of error, overwork, personal problems or ethical conflicts.

The defendant's only remedy against his attorney's ineffectiveness is through direct appeal or collateral post-conviction attack. This article discusses the reasons why courts cannot improve defense representation through these avenues of review. Deep disagreement among judges about the purpose of post-conviction review has crippled any attempt at improvement. The key unresolved question is whether the standard for …

Improving Police Discretion: Rationality In Handling Public Inebriates, David Aaronson

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Improving Police Discretion: Rationality In Handling Public Inebriates, David Aaronson, C. Dienes, Michael Musheno

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This two-part article reports on the findings of the "prescriptive" phase of the American University Law School's Project on Public Inebriation.' First, we provide a framework or model designed to contribute to efforts to improve the rationality of police discretion and the quality of discretionary justice. Second, we seek to increase understanding of, and provide the basis for improving, the intake process whereby public inebriates are delivered to designated facilities-jails, detoxification centers, etc.-in criminal and decriminalized jurisdictions. While the article focuses on the discretionary power of police officers to remove street inebriates, it should increase awareness of problems of decriminalizing …