Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Courts Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Human Rights Law

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 1111 - 1140 of 1185

Full-Text Articles in Courts

Guantánamo, Diane Marie Amann Jan 2004

Guantánamo, Diane Marie Amann

Scholarly Works

This article addresses not only offshore detainees at Guantánamo and elsewhere, but also the two Americans and one Qatari held in the United States as enemy combatants. It focuses on the critical issues in U.S. litigation - extraterritoriality and deference - yet also examines the scope of detention and the propriety of proposed special tribunals. After demonstrating that in the wake of September 11, 2001, no U.S. constitutional precedent governed these issues, the article then looks to norms drawn from international humanitarian and human rights law to aid decision. The Supreme Court increasingly consults such external norms as persuasive authority; …


Inter-American System, Claudia Martin Jan 2004

Inter-American System, Claudia Martin

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.


The United States Supreme Court Rulings On Detention Of "Enemy Combatants" - Partial Vindication Of The Rule Of Law, Douglass Cassel Jan 2004

The United States Supreme Court Rulings On Detention Of "Enemy Combatants" - Partial Vindication Of The Rule Of Law, Douglass Cassel

Journal Articles

In three rulings on prolonged military detention of so-called "unlawful enemy combatants" in the "war" against terrorism, the United States Supreme Court in June 2004 shielded the rule of law from some of the more extreme excesses of the Bush Administration. However, the Court also yielded some ground and left open a number of troublesome questions.


Transitional Justice: The Un And The Sierra Leone Special Court, Richard S. Williamson Dec 2003

Transitional Justice: The Un And The Sierra Leone Special Court, Richard S. Williamson

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The article explores the role of transitional justice in post-conflict societies, with a focus on the United Nations' efforts to address war crimes and promote reconciliation. It highlights the establishment of the Sierra Leone Special Court and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as key mechanisms for accountability and healing. The article argues that transitional justice is essential for national reconciliation, democracy, and long-term peace, emphasizing the importance of balancing justice with the need to avoid destabilizing fragile post-conflict societies.


The Echr And States Of Emergency: Article 15 - A Domestic Power Of Derogation From Human Rights Obligations, Mohamed M. El Zeidy May 2003

The Echr And States Of Emergency: Article 15 - A Domestic Power Of Derogation From Human Rights Obligations, Mohamed M. El Zeidy

San Diego International Law Journal

This study is divided into two sections. The first section is further divided into two subsections. The first subsection examines the problems in defining emergencies; in the second subsection, we will examine the preconditions required for a valid derogation. The second section determines the Strasbourg machinery for the protection of human rights. This section is also divided into four subsections. Each subsection examines separate case laws from the European Court of Human Rights. Finally, a conclusion will be deduced in the light of the former reviews.


Prosecuting Human Rights Violations In Europe And America: How Legal System Structure Affects Compliance With International Obligations, Micah S. Myers Jan 2003

Prosecuting Human Rights Violations In Europe And America: How Legal System Structure Affects Compliance With International Obligations, Micah S. Myers

Michigan Journal of International Law

Will states really live up to these obligations? Are some states, and some legal systems, better equipped to do so than others? After all, it is one thing to commit to prosecuting horrendous offenses, or to recognize that there is an obligation under customary international law to do so, yet it is quite another to actually prosecute the perpetrators of such an offense; this is particularly the case when the government has a strong desire not to prosecute, because the accused are members of the government, because they are strong supporters of it, because they are foreign allies of the …


Can The U.S. Courts Learn From Failed Terrorist Trials By Military Commission In Turkey And Peru?, Richard Wilson Jan 2003

Can The U.S. Courts Learn From Failed Terrorist Trials By Military Commission In Turkey And Peru?, Richard Wilson

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.


Inter-American System, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon Jan 2003

Inter-American System, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.


Inter-American System, Claudia Martin Jan 2003

Inter-American System, Claudia Martin

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.


Persecution In The Fog Of War: The House Of Lords' Decision In Adan, Michael Kagan, William P. Johnson Jan 2002

Persecution In The Fog Of War: The House Of Lords' Decision In Adan, Michael Kagan, William P. Johnson

Michigan Journal of International Law

In this Article, we argue that the House of Lords' reasoning in Adan was seriously flawed. The House of Lords correctly recognized that evidence that minorities face a heightened risk of being persecuted can be sufficient to show a nexus to a Convention ground. Yet it erred when it went on to hold that only differentially at-risk individuals or groups can benefit from refugee status. If a person's risk of being persecuted is causally linked to his or her race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, the nexus requirement is satisfied irrespective of whether the …


African Courts, International Law, And Comparative Case Law: Chimera Or Emerging Human Rights Jurisprudence?, Mirna E. Adjami Jan 2002

African Courts, International Law, And Comparative Case Law: Chimera Or Emerging Human Rights Jurisprudence?, Mirna E. Adjami

Michigan Journal of International Law

Though the potential creation of a supranational human rights court has brought international attention to the African human rights system, international law and human rights scholars rarely turn to African examples when studying the domestic application of international human rights norms. This Article seeks to fill that gap by analyzing cases from several Anglophone common law countries in sub-Saharan Africa that invoke international law and comparative case law as interpretive support in their national fundamental rights jurisprudence.


Inter-American System, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon Jan 2002

Inter-American System, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.


Inter-American System, Claudia Martin Jan 2002

Inter-American System, Claudia Martin

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.


Application Of The Rational Basis Test To Treaty-Implementing Legislation: The Need For A More Stringent Standard Of Review, Virginia H. Johnson Nov 2001

Application Of The Rational Basis Test To Treaty-Implementing Legislation: The Need For A More Stringent Standard Of Review, Virginia H. Johnson

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Chinese Population Transfer In Tibet, John S. Hall Apr 2001

Chinese Population Transfer In Tibet, John S. Hall

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note examines the impact of China's population transfer policies in Tibet since the 1950 invasion, arguing that these policies have led to the marginalization of Tibetans, significant environmental degradation, and human rights abuses. It explores various legal and diplomatic strategies to address these issues, including the Dalai Lama's Five Point Plan, human rights law, environmental law, and international negotiations.


In The Wake Of Crosby V. National Foreign Trade Council: The Impact Upon Selective Purchasing Legislation Throughout The United States, 34 J. Marshall L. Rev. 827 (2001), Ako Miyaki-Murphy Jan 2001

In The Wake Of Crosby V. National Foreign Trade Council: The Impact Upon Selective Purchasing Legislation Throughout The United States, 34 J. Marshall L. Rev. 827 (2001), Ako Miyaki-Murphy

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Prospects For Justice In Rwanda’S Citizen Tribunals, Leah Werchick Jan 2001

Prospects For Justice In Rwanda’S Citizen Tribunals, Leah Werchick

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.


Juridical And Jurisdictional Disconnects, Mark A. Drumbl Jan 2001

Juridical And Jurisdictional Disconnects, Mark A. Drumbl

Scholarly Articles

Although extraterritorial trials for human rights abusers certainly achieve some justice, this Article posits -- through a case-study of post-genocide Rwanda -- that the effects of such trials are circumscribed by the fact they may have little meaning among perpetrators and victims in post-conflict societies. This limited meaning particularly attaches to trials conducted extraterritorially through international tribunals as well as trials conducted in foreign national courts through the exercise of what loosely is called "universal jurisdiction." This circumscribed meaning results in these trials' having limited deterrence effects, although they may go some way to satisfying the deontological need to punish …


Freedom Of Expression In The Inter-American System For The Protection Of Human Rights, Claudio Grossman Jan 2001

Freedom Of Expression In The Inter-American System For The Protection Of Human Rights, Claudio Grossman

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.


The Doctrine Of Non-Inquiry And The Preservation Of Human Rights:-Is There Room For Reconciliation?, Michael S. Topiel Jan 2001

The Doctrine Of Non-Inquiry And The Preservation Of Human Rights:-Is There Room For Reconciliation?, Michael S. Topiel

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note explores the tension between individual human rights under international law and state interests in combating cross-border crime, focusing on the doctrine of noninquiry in extradition cases. It argues that while the Convention Against Torture imposes obligations to prevent extradition to situations of torture, the doctrine of noninquiry—where courts avoid scrutinizing the requesting state’s justice system—remains crucial for maintaining separation of powers and diplomatic relations. The analysis highlights the balancing act between protecting human rights and ensuring international cooperation in law enforcement.


Calling Children To Account: The Proposal For A Juvenile Chamber In The Special Court For Sierra Leone, Diane Marie Amann Jan 2001

Calling Children To Account: The Proposal For A Juvenile Chamber In The Special Court For Sierra Leone, Diane Marie Amann

Scholarly Works

In a unique proposal to the United Nations Security Council, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan recommended that a Juvenile Chamber of the Special Court have authority to try defendants as young as fifteen. The plan sparked immediate controversy. Sierra Leoneans wanted the worst perpetrators punished regardless of age, while human rights organizations argued that juvenile prosecutions would weaken rehabilitative efforts. The Security Council subsequently diluted the proposal; nevertheless, it merits examination, given the increasing use, in Africa and around the world, of children in combat.


Dialogic Federalism: Constitutional Possibilities For Incorporation Of Human Rights Law In The United States, Catherine Powell Jan 2001

Dialogic Federalism: Constitutional Possibilities For Incorporation Of Human Rights Law In The United States, Catherine Powell

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Discussions about the allocation of authority between federal and subfederal systems in the implementation of international human rights law typically proceed by staking out one of two initial positions. At one end of the spectrum, a traditional constitutional theory takes a restrictive view of state and local authority, envisioning hierarchical imposition of federally implemented international law norms through the federal treaty power and determination of customary international law by federal courts. At the other end of the spectrum, a revisionist theory assumes greater fragmentation and authority reserved to the states based on federalism and separation of powers limits on federal …


Perspectives On Religious Freedom Fiom The Vantage Point Of The European Court Of Human Rights, Willi Fuhrmann Sep 2000

Perspectives On Religious Freedom Fiom The Vantage Point Of The European Court Of Human Rights, Willi Fuhrmann

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


Comment: Remarks On Michelman And Breyer, Shlomo Avineri Feb 2000

Comment: Remarks On Michelman And Breyer, Shlomo Avineri

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Problem Of Obtaining Evidence For International Criminal Courts, Jacob Katz Cogan Jan 2000

The Problem Of Obtaining Evidence For International Criminal Courts, Jacob Katz Cogan

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

International criminal courts will be judged by their fairness to defendants as well as to victims. In a very practical way, such claims will hinge, inter alia, on the ability of prosecutors and defendants to have reasonable access to probative evidence. But international criminal courts depend on states to provide them with evidence or access to evidence. The obligation of states to cooperate with international criminal tribunals in the production of evidence was at issue in the recent decision of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in the Blaki case (1997). That judgment and the provisions of the …


International Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law, And Environmental Security: Can The International Criminal Court Bridge The Gaps?, Mark A. Drumbl Jan 2000

International Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law, And Environmental Security: Can The International Criminal Court Bridge The Gaps?, Mark A. Drumbl

Scholarly Articles

The gap between international humanitarian law and environmental security should trouble international lawyers. Just as armed conflict often creates a context in which the most serious human rights abuses occur, so too, does it create a similar context for the infliction of wanton and extensive destruction to the environment. This destruction creates profound environmental insecurity. Part (II) of this Article explores the insecurities caused by the environmental consequences of armed conflict. Although the international community has shown considerable concern for the humanitarian consequences of war, it has been significantly more hesitant in accounting for war's environmental consequences. It is for …


Refugee Rights Are Not Negotiable, James C. Hathaway, Anne K. Cusick Jan 2000

Refugee Rights Are Not Negotiable, James C. Hathaway, Anne K. Cusick

Articles

America's troubled relationship with international law, in particular human rights law, is well documented. In many cases, the United States simply will not agree to be bound by international human rights treaties. For example, the United States has yet to ratify even such fundamental agreements as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. When the United States does agree to become a party to an international human rights treaty, it has often sought to condition its acceptance …


Redressing The Imbalances: Rethinking The Judicial Role After R. V. R.D.S., Richard Devlin Frsc, Dianne Pothier Jan 2000

Redressing The Imbalances: Rethinking The Judicial Role After R. V. R.D.S., Richard Devlin Frsc, Dianne Pothier

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in R. v. R.D.S. dealt with whether a trial judge's comments, about the interactions between police officers and "non-white groups", gave rise to a reasonable apprehension of bias in the circumstances. They strongly criticize the contrary ruling of the dissent as inappropriately drawing a false dichotomy between decisions based on evidence and decisions based on evidence and decision based on generalizations, and as improperly ignoring social context with an unwarranted confidence in the ideology of colour blindness. While more supportive of the majority's analysis, the authors also find cause for concern, with …


Collective Rights Adjudication In U.S. Courts: Enforcing Human Rights At The Corporate Level, Kathryn L. Boyd Nov 1999

Collective Rights Adjudication In U.S. Courts: Enforcing Human Rights At The Corporate Level, Kathryn L. Boyd

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


Democracy And Inclusion: The Role Of The Judge In A Pluralist Polity, Sylvia R. Lazos Jan 1999

Democracy And Inclusion: The Role Of The Judge In A Pluralist Polity, Sylvia R. Lazos

Scholarly Works

The Supreme Court plays a critical role in resolving clashes between majority and minority interests and perspectives. The Equal Protection Clause, and at times the Due Process Clause, have become key vehicles for considering the most problematic intergroup conflicts that divide our society. Prior to this article, the Court heard cases dealing with affirmative action in government procurement programs, legislative districts designed to increase minority representation, state sponsored male-only military schooling, and a state constitutional amendment that would have proscribed antidiscrimination legislation protecting gay men and lesbians. While the Court declined to challenge California's anti-affirmative action referendum (Proposition 209) and …