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Articles 331 - 360 of 395
Full-Text Articles in Constitutional Law
Discrimination Cases In The Supreme Court's 1997 Term, Eileen Kaufman
Discrimination Cases In The Supreme Court's 1997 Term, Eileen Kaufman
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
To Heal Another Or To Protect Oneself?: Hiv Under The Ada In Light Of Bragdon V. Abbott, Leah Guidry
To Heal Another Or To Protect Oneself?: Hiv Under The Ada In Light Of Bragdon V. Abbott, Leah Guidry
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Constitutionality Of Taxing Compensatory Damages For Mental Distress When There Was No Accompanying Physical Injury, Douglas A. Kahn
The Constitutionality Of Taxing Compensatory Damages For Mental Distress When There Was No Accompanying Physical Injury, Douglas A. Kahn
Articles
Since 1919, statutory tax law has excluded from gross income compensatory damages received on account of a personal injury or sickness.1 The current version of that exclusion is set forth in section 104 (a) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.2 The construction of that exclusion, both by the courts and by the Commissioner, underwent significant alterations over the 80-year period that the provision has existed.3 The statute itself was amended several times, most recently in 1996.4 It is the 1996 amendment that has raised a constitutional issue concerning the validity of a portion of the statute.5
Equal Rights, Special Rights, And The Nature Of Antidiscrimination Law, Peter J. Rubin
Equal Rights, Special Rights, And The Nature Of Antidiscrimination Law, Peter J. Rubin
Michigan Law Review
Despite the continued belief held by most Americans that certain characteristics should not form the basis for adverse decisions about individuals in employment, housing, public accommodations, and the provision of a wide range of governmental and private services and opportunities, antidiscrimination laws have increasingly come under attack on the ground that they provide members of the group against whom discrimination is forbidden with "special rights." The "special rights" objection has been voiced most strongly, but not exclusively, against laws that seek to prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. This line of attack has not always been effective, but …
Rights Against Rules: The Moral Structure Of American Constitutional Law, Matthew D. Adler
Rights Against Rules: The Moral Structure Of American Constitutional Law, Matthew D. Adler
Michigan Law Review
The Bill of Rights, by means of open-ended terms such as "freedom of speech," "equal protection," or "due process," refers to moral criteria, which take on constitutional status by virtue of being thus referenced. We can disagree about whether the proper methodology for judicial application of these criteria is originalist or nonoriginalist. The originalist looks, not to the true content of the moral criteria named by the Constitution, but to the framers' beliefs about that content; the nonoriginalist tries to determine what the criteria truly require, and ignores or gives less weight to the framers' views. Bracketing this disagreement, however, …
The New American Caste System: The Supreme Court And Discrimination Among Civil Rights Plaintiffs, Melissa L. Koehn
The New American Caste System: The Supreme Court And Discrimination Among Civil Rights Plaintiffs, Melissa L. Koehn
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Fifteen percent of the decisions issued by the Supreme Court during its 1996-97 Term centered around section 1983. Section 1983 provides civil rights plaintiffs with a procedural mechanism for vindicating their federally protected rights, including those enshrined in the Constitution. The Court's decisions from its 1996-97 Term reflect a continuation of the alarming trend that has permeated section 1983 for the last two decades-a movement to decrease the scope of section 1983, regardless of the impact on constitutional rights. The Supreme Court appears to be creating a hierarchy both of constitutional rights and of plaintiffs: free speech and takings claims …
Whose Federalism, S. Elizabeth Malloy
Whose Federalism, S. Elizabeth Malloy
Faculty Articles and Other Publications
This Article examines briefly the Seminole Tribe and City of Boerne decisions. Part II then focuses on the ADA and the reasons why Congress made it applicable to government conduct as well as private conduct. Finally, Part III examines the argument, based on the new federalism, that the ADA should not apply to state entities. It does not appear that the Court's new federalism has had a liberty-enhancing effect for some of the most vulnerable persons in our society. The Court's revitalized federalism jurisprudence has led to questions about the continuing validity of many of our civil rights statutes as …
Thou Shalt Not Sue The Church: Denying Court Access To Ministerial Employees, Shawna Meyer Eikenberry
Thou Shalt Not Sue The Church: Denying Court Access To Ministerial Employees, Shawna Meyer Eikenberry
Indiana Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Affirmative Action Awash In Confusion: Backward-Looking-Future-Oriented Justifications For Race-Conscious Measures, Ann C. Mcginley
Affirmative Action Awash In Confusion: Backward-Looking-Future-Oriented Justifications For Race-Conscious Measures, Ann C. Mcginley
Scholarly Works
The Third Circuit Court of Appeals, sitting en banc, decided Taxman v. Board of Education of the Township of Piscataway, in August 1996. Eight judges agreed that he Board of Education of Piscataway Township, New Jersey violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act by using race, in accordance with its affirmative action policy, to break a tie between two teachers in the Business Department at Piscataway High School when determining which teacher to lay off. A strong dissent by Chief Judge Sloviter was joined by two other Court of Appeals judges. The majority decision is remarkable in its breadth, …
Discrimination Cases (The Supreme Court And Local Government Law: The 1995-1996 Term), Eileen Kaufman
Discrimination Cases (The Supreme Court And Local Government Law: The 1995-1996 Term), Eileen Kaufman
Scholarly Works
No abstract provided.
Employer Regulation Of Romantic Relationships: The Unsettled Law Of New York State, Alyce H. Rogers
Employer Regulation Of Romantic Relationships: The Unsettled Law Of New York State, Alyce H. Rogers
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Ex Post Facto Laws: Supreme Court New York County People V. Griffin (Decided December 5, 1996
Ex Post Facto Laws: Supreme Court New York County People V. Griffin (Decided December 5, 1996
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
An Overview Of The Arkansas Civil Rights Act Of 1993, Theresa M. Beiner
An Overview Of The Arkansas Civil Rights Act Of 1993, Theresa M. Beiner
Law Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of The Supreme Court's Reliance On Racial "Stigma" As A Constitutional Concept In Affirmative Action Cases, Andrew F. Halaby, Stephen R. Mcallister
An Analysis Of The Supreme Court's Reliance On Racial "Stigma" As A Constitutional Concept In Affirmative Action Cases, Andrew F. Halaby, Stephen R. Mcallister
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
The Article's focus is confined to discussions of race-based affirmative action; it does not consider stigmatization arguments in the context of discrimination involving gender or disabilities, for example. Further, the Article's scope is limited to the stigmatization issue as between Whites and African Americans. Although similar issues exist with respect to other ethnic or racial groups, we view the White/African American paradigm as providing the clearest framework for analysis. Moreover, the cases of Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education, joint progenitors of stigmatization as a concept having constitutional significance in interpreting the Equal Protection Clause of …
Discrimination, Affirmative Action And Freedom: Sorting Out The Issues , Roger Pilon
Discrimination, Affirmative Action And Freedom: Sorting Out The Issues , Roger Pilon
American University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Rights And Freedoms Under The State Constitution: A New Deal For Welfare Rights, Sandra M. Stevenson, Eve Cary, Mary Falk, Helen Hershkoff, Robert A. Heverly
Rights And Freedoms Under The State Constitution: A New Deal For Welfare Rights, Sandra M. Stevenson, Eve Cary, Mary Falk, Helen Hershkoff, Robert A. Heverly
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of Race In The Law: The Supreme Court Moves From Approving Internment Of Japanese Americans To Disapproving Affirmative Ation For African Americans, Reggie Oh, Frank Wu
The Evolution Of Race In The Law: The Supreme Court Moves From Approving Internment Of Japanese Americans To Disapproving Affirmative Ation For African Americans, Reggie Oh, Frank Wu
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
As the Court suggests, the Korematsu precedent is crucial to the Adarand decision. In Adarand, the Court analyzes Korematsu in depth, acknowledging that its own judgment had been mistaken in the internment cases, instead of simply citing the decisions as it formally had done until the very recent past. The Court nevertheless fails to appreciate the differences between Korematsu and Adarand, and in particular the consequences of using "strict scrutiny" for all racial classifications. This essay explores the complex relation-ship between Korematsu and Adarand, and offers a critique of the reasoning used in both cases. The essay …
Social Justice And The Myth Of Fairness: A Communal Defense Of Affirmative Action, Phillip J. Closius
Social Justice And The Myth Of Fairness: A Communal Defense Of Affirmative Action, Phillip J. Closius
All Faculty Scholarship
This Article shall examine the characteristics of the current analytical framework by first examining some harmful effects resulting from the prioritization of fairness: excessive generalization, formalism and superficiality, and materialism. The Article will then examine in detail the Supreme Court's resolution of modern affirmative action issues. The Court has generated confusion and discord by applying simplistic concepts to complex problems and by adhering to the primacy of fairness in a context in which all interested parties claim that fairness favors their result. Finally, this Article will critique the Court's inability to provide a consistent doctrinal basis for discussing affirmative action …
Diversity And Discrimination In Our Midst: Musings On Constitutional Schizophrenia, Cultural Conflict, And 'Interculturalism' At The Threshold Of A New Century, Francisco Valdes
Diversity And Discrimination In Our Midst: Musings On Constitutional Schizophrenia, Cultural Conflict, And 'Interculturalism' At The Threshold Of A New Century, Francisco Valdes
St. Thomas Law Review
This essay argues that the 1990s pose a postponed but inescapable challenge: the fulfillment of the nation's historic commitment to liberty/ equality ideals for all Americans, regardless of race/ethnicity, sex/gender, economic class or sexuality/sexual orientation. In pursuing this argument, this essay traces the historical and jurisprudential continuities regarding (non)liberty/(in)equality that has plagued the American constitutional order from inception to the present, and then focuses on current controversies. Part I sketches a brief history of the liberty/ equality and non-liberty/inequality cross-traditions embedded into American law and society at the nation's genesis in order to show how the cross-traditions work at cross-purposes …
The Bar Against Challenges To Employment Discrimination Consent Decrees: A Public Choice Perspective, John O. Mcginnis
The Bar Against Challenges To Employment Discrimination Consent Decrees: A Public Choice Perspective, John O. Mcginnis
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Newly Disenfranchised: A Constitutional Right Withheld, Herman R. Brown Jr.
The Newly Disenfranchised: A Constitutional Right Withheld, Herman R. Brown Jr.
University of the District of Columbia Law Review
Traditionally, Blacks and women have been denied their constitutional rights based strictly on race and sex. This brand of disenfranchisement has in many instances made these groups feel like "second class" citizens. Although recently, these groups have been able to share in some rights previously withheld, the "playing field of equality of rights" is still not level. For example, women still earn less pay for comparable work performed by their male counterparts. Blacks continue to be shut out of the system based strictly on race. Just as women and Blacks have been denied their rights, other groups have suffered similar …
Justice Scalia And The Commerce Clause: Reflections Of A State Tax Lawyer, Walter Hellerstein
Justice Scalia And The Commerce Clause: Reflections Of A State Tax Lawyer, Walter Hellerstein
Cardozo Law Review
No abstract provided.
Core Freedoms In Nigerian And U.S. Constitutions: A Study In Difference, Gordon A. Christenson
Core Freedoms In Nigerian And U.S. Constitutions: A Study In Difference, Gordon A. Christenson
Faculty Articles and Other Publications
This article compares core freedoms in the United States Constitution with similar constitutional experience encountered in the Nigerian Constitution. It is a study in difference, illuminated by learned papers and discussion of these issues by judges, lawyers, professors, journalists and activists in Nigeria. Moreover, to add a third dimension, differences and similarities in constitutional experiences are shown within the contemporary framework of international norms.
Section 1983, Honorable George C. Pratt, Martin A. Schwartz, Leon Friedman
Section 1983, Honorable George C. Pratt, Martin A. Schwartz, Leon Friedman
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.