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Seattle University Law Review

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Articles 391 - 420 of 454

Full-Text Articles in Constitutional Law

The Plain Feel Doctrine In Washington: An Opportunity To Provide Greater Protections Of Privacy To Citizens Of This State, Laura T. Bradley Jan 1995

The Plain Feel Doctrine In Washington: An Opportunity To Provide Greater Protections Of Privacy To Citizens Of This State, Laura T. Bradley

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment argues that Washington should return to an independent analysis of search and seizure doctrine under article I, section 7 of the state constitution and reject the admission of contraband seized during the course of a pat-down frisk. The decisions in Hudson and Dickerson have established an unnecessary and unworkable standard, and involve an increased invasion of personal privacy without the counter-balancing need to protect the safety of others. The plain feel doctrine as announced in Dickerson and Hudson developed from two well-established concepts in search and seizure law-the Terry frisk of persons to discover weapons and the plain …

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Religious Healing In The Courts: The Liberties And Liabilities Of Patients, Parents, And Healers, Barry Nobel Jan 1993

Religious Healing In The Courts: The Liberties And Liabilities Of Patients, Parents, And Healers, Barry Nobel

Seattle University Law Review

Accordingly, in light of this struggle to balance public health with religious liberty, this Article chronicles the evolving liberties and liabilities of religious patients, parents, and healers over the course of the twentieth century and examines the current state of religious healing law. Throughout, it advocates the greatest possible liberty for religious healing consistent with public and family security, as well as advocating equal protection under the law for all involved in religious treatment, whether they are members of organized religious groups or individual practitioners.

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Takings Law, Lucas, And The Growth Management Act, John M. Groen, Richard M. Stephens Jan 1993

Takings Law, Lucas, And The Growth Management Act, John M. Groen, Richard M. Stephens

Seattle University Law Review

In light of Lucas and the recent constitutionally questionable Washington decisions, government entities charged with implementing the GMA may have a more difficult time avoiding takings liability than previously thought. Accordingly, this Article first seeks to clarify the modern takings analysis as refined by Lucas. Second, Washington takings precedent is contrasted with the federal approach and several key changes are suggested to make state law consistent with controlling federal precedent. Third, key aspects of the GMA are identified that can be expected to raise takings implications. By identifying potential trouble spots in the GMA now, hopefully some takings will …

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Toward Meaningful Judicial Elections: A Case For Reform Of Canon 7, Michele Radosevich Jan 1993

Toward Meaningful Judicial Elections: A Case For Reform Of Canon 7, Michele Radosevich

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment argues that elections can give us good judges who are both accountable to the voters and able to decide cases impartially. To accomplish this, we must, in the words of one local media commentator, “take off the muzzle and allow judges to discuss issues.” But before one can propose change, one should understand the present system and the purposes it was designed to serve. Part II of this Comment examines Canon 7 of the Washington Code of Judicial Conduct and the balance it strikes between accountability and impartiality. Part III explores how the Canon has been interpreted in …

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Between Scylla And Charybdis: Growth Management Act Implementation That Avoids Takings And Substantive Due Process Limitations, Jeffrey M. Eustis Jan 1993

Between Scylla And Charybdis: Growth Management Act Implementation That Avoids Takings And Substantive Due Process Limitations, Jeffrey M. Eustis

Seattle University Law Review

This Article begins with an overview of the GMA. It then proceeds with a summary of recent case law under the Takings Clause and substantive due process doctrine. After laying this groundwork, this Article focuses on four particular areas of growth management control and explores how local legislation implementing these areas of control would be analyzed under the Takings Clause and substantive due process. These four areas of land use regulation include: critical area protections, resource land designations, development phasing requirements for concurrency and urban growth areas, and impact fees for public facilities and services. This Article then concludes with …

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Rust V. Sullivan: Redirecting The Katzenbach V. Morgan Power, Paul Chuey Jan 1993

Rust V. Sullivan: Redirecting The Katzenbach V. Morgan Power, Paul Chuey

Seattle University Law Review

By deferring to the discretion of another branch of the federal government on a question of constitutional interpretation, the Rust Court implicitly resurrects and reshapes the long ignored doctrine of Katzenbach v. Morgan. Despite their different substantive issues, these two cases have a similar effect on the federal judiciary's role in constitutional interpretation. Section I of this Note describes the facts and history surrounding Rust and Morgan. Section II examines the Rust doctrine of judicial deference in the context of Morgan. Section III examines the Rust Court's approach to the First Amendment issues raised by the regulation …

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Dashed "Investment-Backed" Expectations: Will The Constitution Protect Property Owners From Excesses In Implementation Of The Growth Management Act?, Elaine Spencer Jan 1993

Dashed "Investment-Backed" Expectations: Will The Constitution Protect Property Owners From Excesses In Implementation Of The Growth Management Act?, Elaine Spencer

Seattle University Law Review

Section I briefly discusses the basic principles of takings law as enunciated by prior cases, as well as the United States Supreme Court's recent decision in Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, and the Washington Supreme Court's recent decisions in Sintra, Inc. v. Seattle and Robinson v. Seattle. Although the Lucas decision has received considerable publicity, it advanced the state of the law rather little. The real guidance for future decisions arising out of the GMA will come from earlier United States Supreme Court decisions and the Washington Supreme Court's decisions in Sintra, Robinson, and Lutheran …

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Washington Constitution Article 1, Section 7: The Argument For Broader Protection Against Employer Drug Testing, Ken Davis Jan 1993

Washington Constitution Article 1, Section 7: The Argument For Broader Protection Against Employer Drug Testing, Ken Davis

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment will analyze Article 1, Section 7 of the Washington Constitution, the search and seizure provision, and conclude that this provision should be construed to provide greater protection to employees against employer drug testing absent individualized suspicion than the Fourth Amendment does. The scope of this Comment, however, is limited to the rights of state employees with respect to suspicionless drug testing. The rights of federal employees are not included in this analysis because they are protected against suspicionless drug testing only by the Fourth Amendment, not by the analogous Washington provision. Moreover, Article 1, Section 7, like the …

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Washington's Closed-Circuit Testimony Statute: An Exception To The Confrontation Clause To Protect Victims In Child Abuse Prosecutions, Karen R. Hornbeck Jan 1992

Washington's Closed-Circuit Testimony Statute: An Exception To The Confrontation Clause To Protect Victims In Child Abuse Prosecutions, Karen R. Hornbeck

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment argues that E.S.H.B. 2809 should be recognized as an exception to the Confrontation Clause by the Supreme Courts of the United States and Washington. This argument rests upon the premise that E.S.H.B. 2809 falls within the boundaries set by previously recognized exceptions to the hearsay rule and by federal and Washington case law. Indeed, the reliability and trustworthiness of the victim's testimony should not turn on the child's ability to withstand the additional psychological trauma often induced by in-court testimony.' Rather, the special problems that these children bring to the courtroom demand compliance with a statute such as …

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Sexual Violence, Sanity, And Safety: Constitutional Parameters For Involuntary Civil Commitment Of Sex Offenders, Beth Keiko Fujimoto Jan 1992

Sexual Violence, Sanity, And Safety: Constitutional Parameters For Involuntary Civil Commitment Of Sex Offenders, Beth Keiko Fujimoto

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment will address two questions: (1) whether the Washington law is substantially similar to or fundamentally different from the Illinois statute; and (2) whether the Washington statute should be upheld as a constitutional exercise of the state's civil commitment authority under Allen v. Illinois. This Comment argues that the Washington scheme is fundamentally different from the Illinois statute under Allen because it is essentially a lifetime preventive detention scheme and therefore fails to meet the constitutional requirements set forth in Allen. To that end, Part II of this Comment generally explores the involuntary commitment of sex offenders, …

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Extinguishing The Burning Crosses: Washington's Malicious Harassment Statute In Light Of The Issues Of Overbreadth And Vagueness, Edward Comitz Jan 1992

Extinguishing The Burning Crosses: Washington's Malicious Harassment Statute In Light Of The Issues Of Overbreadth And Vagueness, Edward Comitz

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment briefly discusses how Washington’s malicious harassment statute should be interpreted in light of the recent United States Supreme Court case R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul. Because the issues of overbreadth and vagueness are of imminent importance, to Washington’s statute, the majority of this Comment focuses on an analysis of those issues Both issues are discussed in terms of the specific crime of cross burning with the intent to intimidate or harass as proscribed by Section (1) of Washington’s malicious harassment statute. Finally, because the real harms minority victims of hate crimes experience, this Comment argues that Washington’s …

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"Who Killed Cock Robin?" A Retrospective On The Bork Nomination And A Reply To "Jaffa Divides The House" By Robert L. Stone, Harry V. Jaffa Jan 1990

"Who Killed Cock Robin?" A Retrospective On The Bork Nomination And A Reply To "Jaffa Divides The House" By Robert L. Stone, Harry V. Jaffa

Seattle University Law Review

In an utterance that may have changed the history of the United States, and of the world, Lincoln argued that the grounds upon which one opposed the extension of slavery into the territories was inseparable from opposition to slavery itself. Similarly, I maintain that the ground upon which one argues for a constitutional jurisprudence of "original intent" is inseparable from such a jurisprudence. No one has ever formulated the doctrine of "original intent" jurisprudence with greater perspicacity or eloquence than did Chief Justice Taney in his opinion in Dred Scott. Furthermore, his judgment that a property interest in slaves …

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Freedom Of Religion Vs. Public School Reading Curriculum, Keith Kemper May 1989

Freedom Of Religion Vs. Public School Reading Curriculum, Keith Kemper

Seattle University Law Review

The purpose of this Note is to analyze the decision by the United State Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in Mozert v. Hawkins County Board of Education in light of recent United States Supreme Court opinions regarding the free exercise of religion. Section I will explain the legal issues that are relevant in deciding this and similar free exercise cases. Section II will discuss the history and background of the Mozert case. Section III will discuss the different opinions in Mozert. Section IV will analyze and critique the different rationales used to decide this case. After weighing …

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Regulatory Taking Doctrine In Washington: Now You See It, Now You Don't, Richard L. Settle May 1989

Regulatory Taking Doctrine In Washington: Now You See It, Now You Don't, Richard L. Settle

Seattle University Law Review

Within a recent two-month period, the Washington Supreme Court issued decisions in two major regulatory taking cases, Orion Corporation v. State, and Allingham v. City of Seattle. In both cases, land use regulations were challenged on the basis of the taking clauses of the federal and state constitutions. This Article analyzes and critically assesses Orion's ambitious doctrinal initiative in light of the Allingham enigma and charts a tentative course toward more coherent regulatory taking doctrine. A pervasive and hopeful theme of the Article is that a latent, largely unarticulated or misstated doctrine exists, just waiting for explicit judicial …

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Condemnation, Credit, And Corporations In Washington: 100 Years Of Judicial Decisions—Have The Framers' Views Been Followed?, Justice James M. Dolliver Jan 1989

Condemnation, Credit, And Corporations In Washington: 100 Years Of Judicial Decisions—Have The Framers' Views Been Followed?, Justice James M. Dolliver

Seattle University Law Review

As part of the commemoration of Washington's centennial, this Article will examine three parts of the Washington Constitution written and adopted in 1889: article I, section 16,2 the taking clause; article VIII, section 7,3 the municipal credit clause; and article XII, sections 1-22,4 the Corporations Article. This Article will attempt to identify and explain the fundamental premises behind each of the three parts by considering the constitutional text, the specific intent of the framers where discoverable, the climate of the times in the territory and nation in 1889, and the judicial gloss from early case law. Additionally, given these considerations, …

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Science, Freedom Of Conscience And The Establishment Clause, Kyron Huigens Jan 1989

Science, Freedom Of Conscience And The Establishment Clause, Kyron Huigens

Seattle University Law Review

The Constitution presupposes no Supreme Being, institutes no particular truth and contemplates a legal order that is similarly open. The establishment clause maintains constitutional democracy on those terms by invalidating any encroachment on freedom of conscience which religion wielding the power of the state can devise. This Article is an extended defense of that strong conception of the establishment clause. It is in part a reply to those, like Louisell, who have argued that strict construction theories of the clause "establish" something called "The Religion of Secular Humanism." It is in part an attack on the idea that the establishment …

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An Historical Analysis Of Alien Land Law: Washington Territory And State 1853-1889, Mark L. Lazarus Iii Jan 1989

An Historical Analysis Of Alien Land Law: Washington Territory And State 1853-1889, Mark L. Lazarus Iii

Seattle University Law Review

The purpose of this Article is to analyze the historical development of Washington's alien land law from the birth of the territory in 1853 to the drafting of the state constitution in 1889. Because alien land law necessarily involves relationships among people, this Article focuses not only on historical legal sources such as statutes, constitutional material, and judicial opinions, but also on the underlying social forces that compelled change in the law. This Article consists of three sections, the first of which is a brief discussion of the common-law roots of alien land disability in feudal England and its subsequent …

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The Validity Of Washington's Antitakeover Act Under The Commerce And Supremacy Clauses, Maureen B. Callahan, David J. Burman Jan 1989

The Validity Of Washington's Antitakeover Act Under The Commerce And Supremacy Clauses, Maureen B. Callahan, David J. Burman

Seattle University Law Review

This Article addresses the constitutionality of the Washington Act under the Commerce and Supremacy Clauses of the United States Constitution, and concludes that despite its extension to a limited group of foreign corporations, the Act is indeed constitutional under both clauses.

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In The Beginning: The Washington Supreme Court A Century Ago, Charles H. Sheldon, Michael Stohr-Gillmore Jan 1989

In The Beginning: The Washington Supreme Court A Century Ago, Charles H. Sheldon, Michael Stohr-Gillmore

Seattle University Law Review

This Article will discuss (1) the politics that influenced the drafting of the judicial article (article IV) in the constitutional convention; (2) the election of the first five members of the bench and the backgrounds of those inaugural judges; (3) the particular approach toward judicial review adopted by these five jurists (activism-restraint); and (4) the personal relations among these members of the supreme court. This Article will provide a personal perspective of the first five judges and their court.

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Washington's Diminished Capacity Defense Under Attack, John Q. La Fond, Kimberly A. Gaddis Jan 1989

Washington's Diminished Capacity Defense Under Attack, John Q. La Fond, Kimberly A. Gaddis

Seattle University Law Review

This article will discuss the historical development of the diminished capacity defense and analyze its current conceptual structure and use in Washington. It will then analyze the most recently proposed bill attacking the diminished capacity defense in this state, Substitute House Bill No. 1179. Should this legislation (or some variation thereof) be enacted in future sessions, the Washington Supreme Court will undoubtedly be forced to review powerful constitutional challenges to the validity of convictions obtained under the new law. At the very least, the court will have to determine whether the diminished capacity defense is constitutionally required. The court will …

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Judicial Conscience And Natural Rights: A Reply To Professor Ledewitz, Harry V. Jaffa Jan 1988

Judicial Conscience And Natural Rights: A Reply To Professor Ledewitz, Harry V. Jaffa

Seattle University Law Review

In our Spring 1987 issue, Professor Jaffa authored an essay in which he posited that the fundamental principles of equality and other tenets of natural law expressed in the Declaration of Independence were originally intended to be the principles of the Constitution of 1787 Professor Jaffa asserted that while the Framers believed in the "law of nature and nature's God," many contemporary constitutional thinkers, including fellow conservatives Chief Justice William Rehnquist and Attorney General Edwin Meese, do not. Thus, Jaffa argued, those conservatives "who today most aggressively appeal to the doctrine of original intent are among its most resolute antagonists." …

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Judicial Conscience And Natural Rights: A Reply To Professor Jaffa, Bruce Ledewitz Jan 1987

Judicial Conscience And Natural Rights: A Reply To Professor Jaffa, Bruce Ledewitz

Seattle University Law Review

This Article replies to Professor Harry V. Jaffa’s article “What Were the ‘Original Intentions’ of the Framers of the Constitution of the United States?” The Article focuses on the gap the author argues Professor Jaffa left between the consciousness of the Framers and the practice of judicial review today. The author argues that the understanding that Professor Jaffa brings to the intent of the Framers is one that opens up the Constitution to the call of justice, but the author critiques the utility of Professor Jaffa’s work in resolving the contentious constitutional issues of today, including abortion and capital punishment.

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Foreword: On Jaffa, Lincoln, Marshall, And Original Intent, Lewis E. Lehrman Jan 1987

Foreword: On Jaffa, Lincoln, Marshall, And Original Intent, Lewis E. Lehrman

Seattle University Law Review

This Foreword introduces the article to follow written by Harry V. Jaffa, scholar of Abraham Lincoln’s political philosophy. The Foreward provides background material necessary to contextualize the ongoing debate surrounding constitutional interpretation emphasizing original intent addressed in Jaffa's article.

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Professor Harry V. Jaffa Divides The House: A Respectful Protest And A Defense Brief, Robert L. Stone Jan 1987

Professor Harry V. Jaffa Divides The House: A Respectful Protest And A Defense Brief, Robert L. Stone

Seattle University Law Review

This Article replies to Professor’ Jaffa’s article, “What Were the ‘Original Intentions’ of the Framers of the Constitution of the United States?,” and book, The Crisis of the House Divided. The Article argues that Professor Jaffa’s method throughout his indictment of legal scholars has three flaws. First, the Article argues that Professor Jaffa takes statements of sensible political compromises-such as support for judicial restraint, British traditions, and local self-government-and treats them as if they were philosophical statements. Second, the author contends that Professor Jaffa assembles a composite indictment, which in law is appropriately applied only to an indictment against …

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Washington's Partial Veto Power: Judicial Construction Of Article Iii, Section 12, Heidi A. Irvin Jan 1987

Washington's Partial Veto Power: Judicial Construction Of Article Iii, Section 12, Heidi A. Irvin

Seattle University Law Review

This Note recommends that the separate subject test employed by Washington courts in reviewing the constitutional validity of partial vetoes be abandoned like the affirmative-negative test before it. In the alternative, the Constitution should be amended to remove any perceived need for a subjective judicial test. As a last-choice solution to the problem of uncertainty and inefficiency in the legislative process, the legislature should use its override powers more extensively.

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Seven Questions For Professor Jaffa, George Anastaplo Jan 1987

Seven Questions For Professor Jaffa, George Anastaplo

Seattle University Law Review

This Article poses questions inspired by the four essays collected in Professor Harry V. Jaffa’s article “What Were the ‘Original Intentions’ of the Framers of the Constitution of the United States?” The Article offers, in addition to fresh reflections upon these questions, three appendices, which bear upon various matters touched upon by Professor Jaffa. These appendices include, “The Founders of Our Founders: Jerusalem, Athens, and the American Constitution,” “The Ambiguity of Justice in Plato’s Republic,” and “Private Rights and Public Law: The Founders’ Perspective.” The Epilogue provides informed observations of a scholar who comments on the differences between Professor …

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What Were The "Original Intentions" Of The Framers Of The Constitution Of The United States?, Harry V. Jaffa Jan 1987

What Were The "Original Intentions" Of The Framers Of The Constitution Of The United States?, Harry V. Jaffa

Seattle University Law Review

This Article explains how the doctrine of original intent might be defended as the basis for interpreting the Constitution. The deepest political differences in American history have always been differences concerning the meaning of the Constitution, whether as originally intended, or as amended. Since the Civil War, the debate has often taken the form of a dispute over whether or not the Civil War amendments, notably the fourteenth, have changed the way in which the whole Constitution, and not only the amended parts, is read or interpreted. It is not possible to even discuss how or whether the Civil War …

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The First Amendment, Commercial Speech, And The Advertising Lawyer, Justice Vernon R. Pearson, Michael O'Neill Jan 1986

The First Amendment, Commercial Speech, And The Advertising Lawyer, Justice Vernon R. Pearson, Michael O'Neill

Seattle University Law Review

The Supreme Court, in a few cases scattered over several decades, has implied the existence of a public right to a free flow of information as one facet of the freedom of speech; yet the Court has refrained from specifically basing a decision on any such right. But with the recent line of commercial speech decisions, the concept-of a public right to a free flow of information has become firmly established and merits detailed examination. That right, and the rationale of the Court in its commercial speech cases, may have far ranging implications. This Article explores these implications in three …

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Dismantling The Exclusionary Rule: United States V. Leon And The Courts Of Washington—Should Good Faith Excuse Bad Acts?, Catherine Cruikshank Jan 1986

Dismantling The Exclusionary Rule: United States V. Leon And The Courts Of Washington—Should Good Faith Excuse Bad Acts?, Catherine Cruikshank

Seattle University Law Review

This Note will review briefly the history of the exclusionary rule under fourth amendment jurisprudence, with special emphasis given to the purposes the rule has traditionally been thought to serve. The significance of the Leon decision then will be examined in light of the emergence in Washington of an interpretation of article I, section 7 that diverges from the Supreme Court's interpretations of the fourth amendment. This Note will conclude by discussing how article I, section 7 continues to embody the several purposes traditionally served by the exclusionary rule.

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The Court-Ordered Predisposition Evaluation Under Washington's Juvenile Justice Act: A Violation Of The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination?—Wash. Rev. Code § 13.40, Judith H. Ramseyer Jan 1986

The Court-Ordered Predisposition Evaluation Under Washington's Juvenile Justice Act: A Violation Of The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination?—Wash. Rev. Code § 13.40, Judith H. Ramseyer

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment analyzes the significance of the principles animating the constitutional privilege against self-incrimination by first looking at the purposes of Washington’s Juvenile Justice Act; second, by examining the status of the privilege against self-incrimination during sentencing; and third, by applying the values protected by the privilege to the use of predisposition psychological evaluations in Washington juvenile courts.

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