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Articles 301 - 330 of 454
Full-Text Articles in Constitutional Law
Habeas Corpus Law In The Ninth Circuit After Mendoza V. Carey: A New Era?, Jay W. Spencer
Habeas Corpus Law In The Ninth Circuit After Mendoza V. Carey: A New Era?, Jay W. Spencer
Seattle University Law Review
After a brief review in Part II of the current habeas corpus appeals practice following the enactment of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA),9 Part III of this Note will examine the factual and procedural history of Mendoza. Next, Part IV will analyze the case's majority and dissenting opinions. Finally, Part V contrasts Mendoza with factually similar cases in other jurisdictions and demonstrates that, even though the Ninth Circuit stands alone, its ruling strikes a proper balance between limiting abuse of the writ and ensuring that it remains available to all inmates who diligently pursue …
A Choice That Leaves No Choice: Unconstitutional Coercion Under Real Id, Michael J. Allen
A Choice That Leaves No Choice: Unconstitutional Coercion Under Real Id, Michael J. Allen
Seattle University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Footnote Eleven For The New Millennium: Ecological Perspective Arguments In Support Of Compelling Interest, Malik Edwards
Footnote Eleven For The New Millennium: Ecological Perspective Arguments In Support Of Compelling Interest, Malik Edwards
Seattle University Law Review
This Article proceeds in three Parts. Part II considers the historical and social context that led to the ultimate successful strategy in Brown. Although times may have changed, my ultimate argument is that contexts matters; as such, to fully understand Brown, we must understand the strategy behind it and the road that takes us from Plessy to Brown<,/em>. Part III considers the trends that led to Brown's undoing. While Brown I offers no remedy and Brown II provides that schools should be desegregated “with all deliberate speed,” one must understand the societal shifts that occurred, fundamentally changing the …
Great (And Reasonable) Expectations: Fourth Amendment Protection For Attorney-Client Communications, Teri J. Dobbins
Great (And Reasonable) Expectations: Fourth Amendment Protection For Attorney-Client Communications, Teri J. Dobbins
Seattle University Law Review
Most motor vehicle crashes are traceable to “some failure of judgment that fully reveals its dangers only when it is too late. That is precisely why they are accidents.” For example, speeding is one of the most prevalent factors contributing to vehicular crashes. Although especially deadly when combined with driver intoxication, speeding is a significant contributing factor in fatal crashes involving sober drivers. Part II of this Article briefly discusses the development of accident insurance. It examines courts' struggles in determining whether an insured's death was an accident for purposes of awarding accidental death benefits, and approaches to resolving this …
Solving The Parents Involved Paradox, Lino A. Graglia
Solving The Parents Involved Paradox, Lino A. Graglia
Seattle University Law Review
The Supreme Court's decision in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (Parents Involved) presents the seeming paradox that the Constitution can on one day require a school district to take drastic measures, including busing students across a giant school district to increase racial integration in schools, and then prohibit school districts from taking even the mildest measures, such as using race as a tie-breaker in making student assignments, on the next. How, a rational observer must wonder, can this be possible? The answer is that, as usual in the making of “constitutional law,” the Constitution …
A Good Idea Stretched Too Far: Amending The General Aviation Revitalization Act To Mitigate Unintended Inequities, Kerry V. Kovarik
A Good Idea Stretched Too Far: Amending The General Aviation Revitalization Act To Mitigate Unintended Inequities, Kerry V. Kovarik
Seattle University Law Review
This Comment will examine the congressional intent that shaped GARA, evaluate the equitable implications of the statute's drafting language, discuss its significant judicial interpretations, and explore the author's recommendations aimed at minimizing GARA's inequities without negating its positive aspects. Part II begins with an analysis of GARA's legislative history, identifies stakeholders and their arguments, and examines issues given insufficient consideration by Congress. Part III assesses how GARA actually affected the aviation market when compared to the stakeholders' predictions. Part IV will survey a selection of important judicial decisions interpreting GARA. Finally, Part V evaluates the inequities created by the statute …
Misuse And Abuse Of Morse V. Frederick By Lower Courts: Sretching The High Court's Ruling Too Far To Censor Student Expression, Clay Calvert
Misuse And Abuse Of Morse V. Frederick By Lower Courts: Sretching The High Court's Ruling Too Far To Censor Student Expression, Clay Calvert
Seattle University Law Review
This Article argues that the Fourth Amendment protects confidential attorney-client communications from unreasonable government intrusion, including unreasonable court orders compelling production of attorney-client communications. The Article begins by focusing on the elements of a claim under the Fourth Amendment. Part II identifies the elements and subsequent sections address each element in the context of attorney-client communications. Part III considers the legitimate expectation of privacy in confidential attorney-client communications. Part IV addresses the search and seizure requirement, explores authority distinguishing between "actual" and "constructive" searches, and concludes that, in addition to searches, court-ordered production of attorney-client communications (a "constructive" search and …
Constitutional Limitations On The Ability Of States To Rehabilitate Their Failed Electric Utility Restructuring Plans, James M. Van Nostrand
Constitutional Limitations On The Ability Of States To Rehabilitate Their Failed Electric Utility Restructuring Plans, James M. Van Nostrand
Seattle University Law Review
This Article will review the constitutional limitations that come into play when a state seeks to rehabilitate its failed electric utility restructuring plan. Under the Constitution, utilities are entitled to earn a reasonable return on the assets devoted to public service. A situation in which retail rates are frozen may result in denial of a compensatory return if the electric utility is incurring higher costs to generate or procure its power supply. This is the traditional "takings" argument based on the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution, as applied to the states under the Fourteenth Amendment. Apart from this commonly asserted …
A Call For Judicial Restraint: Federal Taxpayer Grievances Challenging Executive Action, Debra L. Lowman
A Call For Judicial Restraint: Federal Taxpayer Grievances Challenging Executive Action, Debra L. Lowman
Seattle University Law Review
This Article calls upon the Supreme Court to stay the Judiciary's hand in taxpayer grievances concerning purely executive action. Parts II and III of the Article provide the relevant background material for an understanding of the subject matter. Specifically, Part I recounts the evolution of taxpayer standing, taking the reader from the Supreme Court's decision in Frothingham to its counterpoint decision in Flast. Part III summarizes the Seventh Circuit's unprecedented decision in Freedom. Part IV demonstrates that taxpayer standing as conceived by the Freedom court does not conform to the standing paradigm formulated in Flast, and moreover, …
Unauthorized Annexing Of An Artist's World: An Argument For Creator-Assignee Standing To Sue For Copyright Infringement, Karen A. Skretkowicz
Unauthorized Annexing Of An Artist's World: An Argument For Creator-Assignee Standing To Sue For Copyright Infringement, Karen A. Skretkowicz
Seattle University Law Review
This Comment surveys the contemporary status of copyright law regarding a creator-assignee's standing to sue for infringement and the bases for allowing a creator-assignee to bring an infringement action. Part II begins the discussion with a review of the general principles of copyright law, including its constitutional and statutory frameworks, its underlying policies, and the moral rights doctrine. Part III continues with an overview of the general constitutional standing principles and real party in interest prerequisites. It then outlines the statutory and judicial limits on standing to sue under copyright law. Part IV discusses the issue of assignee standing in …
Condemned If They Do, Condemned If They Don't: Eminent Domain, Public Use Abandonment, And The Need For Condemnee Protections, Cristin Kent
Condemned If They Do, Condemned If They Don't: Eminent Domain, Public Use Abandonment, And The Need For Condemnee Protections, Cristin Kent
Seattle University Law Review
This Comment is divided into six parts. Part II examines the historical and constitutional understandings and application of eminent domain and the public use requirement. Part III analyzes cases decided under the U.S. and Washington constitutions in which courts upheld condemnors' rights to abandon or fail to fulfill the public use of the condemned property. Part IV discusses cases outside of Washington in which courts have upheld the validity of takings even though the condemnor subsequently abandoned or failed to fulfill the public use. These cases illustrate the need for more substantive and procedural protections for condemnees. Part V argues …
Between A Man And His God: Violating The First Amendment Through Compelled Behavior Modification, Charles Davis
Between A Man And His God: Violating The First Amendment Through Compelled Behavior Modification, Charles Davis
Seattle University Law Review
Part II of this Note discusses the facts leading up to Boone v. State and the First Amendment arguments raised by Boone. Part III offers a brief historical perspective on religion in the American legal system, emphasizing specific developments relevant to Boone's case. Part IV analyzes the court's fatally flawed analysis, and Part V addresses the ramifications of the holding and offers some suggestions.
Compassion Inaction: Why President Bush's Faith-Based Initiatives Violate The Establishment Clause, Martha A. Boden
Compassion Inaction: Why President Bush's Faith-Based Initiatives Violate The Establishment Clause, Martha A. Boden
Seattle University Law Review
The Administration's Faith-Based Initiatives would fail a constitutional challenge under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. Applying the three-pronged test developed in Lemon v. Kurtzman and Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, this Comment concludes that the Initiatives, (1) though purportedly secular, have been enacted for a sectarian purpose and are not neutral toward religion; (2) are coercive and fail to fulfill the condition of private choice because the rural poor, such as those in Franklin County, Washington, whom the Initiatives target, realistically cannot choose between non-religious and sectarian service providers; and (3) to the extent that Initiative funded programs can …
Restoring Property Rights In Washington: Regulatory Takings Compensation Inspired By Oregon's Measure 37, Kelly Michelle Kelley
Restoring Property Rights In Washington: Regulatory Takings Compensation Inspired By Oregon's Measure 37, Kelly Michelle Kelley
Seattle University Law Review
Part II of this Comment provides a background of regulatory takings jurisprudence, outlining both the U.S. Supreme Court's and Washington courts' respective analyses of regulatory takings challenges under the takings clauses of both the U.S. and Washington Constitutions. Part III discusses the threshold compensation statutes that have been enacted by four states in an effort to remedy the problem of regulatory takings. Part IV examines Oregon's Measure 37 and the lawsuit that validated its constitutionality. Part V analyzes Washington's proposed property rights measure, Initiative 933, and argues that Washington needs a regulatory takings compensation statute. Finally, Part VI concludes that …
Naked Came I: Jurisdiction-Stripping And The Constitutionality Of House Bill 3313, Jason J. Salvo
Naked Came I: Jurisdiction-Stripping And The Constitutionality Of House Bill 3313, Jason J. Salvo
Seattle University Law Review
In his law review article, Professor Henry Hart responded to the questions of whether Congress had unlimited control of federal jurisdiction and whether this control was consistent with other provisions in the Constitution. Though Professor Hart's article has been widely debated, his overarching thesis is generally accepted: Congress' power to restrict Supreme Court jurisdiction is bound by the requirement that the Court's “essential functions” may not be trammeled, but Congress' power to restrict lower federal court jurisdiction is broad. This Comment will build on Professor Hart's thesis, arguing that the essential functions of the federal judiciary are broader than what …
The Market Participant Doctrine And The Clear Statement Rule, David S. Bogen
The Market Participant Doctrine And The Clear Statement Rule, David S. Bogen
Seattle University Law Review
When the state acts as a market regulator, the dormant Commerce Clause invalidates discriminatory regulation without the need for an order against the state. The courts simply refuse to enforce the state law on the ground that it is unconstitutional. When the state acts as a market participant, however, the court would have to direct its order against the state or its officials to negate the discrimination. This produces a direct confrontation with the state, the same kind of confrontation the clear statement rule was designed to avoid. Part II of this article examines the theory of the dormant Commerce …
Circular 230 Opinion Standards, Legal Ethics And First Amendment Limitations On The Regulation Of Professional Speech By Lawyers, David T. Moldenhauer
Circular 230 Opinion Standards, Legal Ethics And First Amendment Limitations On The Regulation Of Professional Speech By Lawyers, David T. Moldenhauer
Seattle University Law Review
Part II of this Article discusses the background, scope, and requirements of the Circular 230 rules. Part III discusses the ethical rules applicable to tax opinions, compares these rules to the Circular 230 opinion standards, and concludes that the Circular 230 standards impose substantially greater requirements on practitioners than, and in certain respects conflict with, the ethical rules. Part IV discusses First Amendment case law and commentary regarding professional speech, and proposes that professional speech regulations be analyzed by a model that defines permissible regulation of professional speech by reference to the role of the profession in society and accepted …
The Value Of Government Tort Liability: Washington State's Journey From Immunity To Accountability, Debra L. Stephens, Bryan P. Harnetiaux
The Value Of Government Tort Liability: Washington State's Journey From Immunity To Accountability, Debra L. Stephens, Bryan P. Harnetiaux
Seattle University Law Review
Part I of this Article traces Washington's history with the common law doctrine of government immunity from tort liability. It also identifies other distinct common law immunities protecting executive, legislative, and judicial functions-immunities that lay dormant during the reign of sovereign immunity. Part II discusses the legislature's broad waiver of sovereign immunity in 1961 and the legislature's subsequent reaffirmation of the waiver. It also notes isolated instances in which the legislature has partially restored immunity or otherwise limited tort liability. Part III addresses the development of case law interpreting the scope of government tort liability in light of the legislative …
Death By A Thousand Signatures: The Rise Of Restrictive Ballot Access Laws And The Decline Of Electoral Competition In The United States, Oliver Hall
Seattle University Law Review
This Article explores one instance of the countermajoritarian problem in American democracy: how to protect the rights of minor parties and independent candidates participating in an electoral system dominated by two major parties. In particular, this Article focuses on the effect of modern ballot access laws on candidates' rights, arguing that courts ought to treat these laws as a presumptively impermissible form of "collusion in restraint of democracy." Although the article borrows the language of antitrust law, this argument is rooted in core constitutional principles and rights guaranteed under the First and Fourteenth Amendments. Nevertheless, the analogy to antitrust law …
The Use Of Hiring Preferences By Alaska Native Corporations After Malabed V. North Slope Borough, James P. Mills
The Use Of Hiring Preferences By Alaska Native Corporations After Malabed V. North Slope Borough, James P. Mills
Seattle University Law Review
This article argues that Native corporations can provide employment preferences for Alaska Natives, so long as they are appropriately tailored to provide employment preferences to that corporation's shareholders or those closely related to the shareholders. Moreover, a hiring preference based on shareholder status is not a preference based on race and, as such, does not violate Alaska state law.24 But even if the Alaska Supreme Court found that these hiring preferences did violate the state constitution, given the federal government's unique relationship with Native corporations 25 and Congress's clear intent for Native corporations to favor Alaska Natives in their hiring …
Beyond The Conventional Establishment Clause Narrative, Richard Albert
Beyond The Conventional Establishment Clause Narrative, Richard Albert
Seattle University Law Review
The article reviews of jurisprudence offers a systematic look at every Establishment Clause case to have reached the docket of the United States Supreme Court since 1947. That year is of particular significance, for it marks the incorporation of the Establishment Clause, which the Court articulated in its influential establishment case, Everson v. Board of Education. Through the intervening years there have been a total of forty-six other cases-forty-seven in total-in which establishment issues constituted the core legal quandary. The article poses two questions as it reviews the Court's opinion in each suit: (1) In contemplating the meaning of …
Survey Of Washington Search And Seizure Law: 2005 Update, Justice Charles W. Johnson
Survey Of Washington Search And Seizure Law: 2005 Update, Justice Charles W. Johnson
Seattle University Law Review
This article serves as a source to which the Washington lawyer, judge, law enforcement officer, and others can turn to as an authoritative starting point for researching Washington search and seizure law. In order to be useful as a research tool, revisions to the law and new cases interpreting the Washington Constitution and the United States Constitution require periodic updates to this Survey to reflect the current state of the law. Many of these cases involve the Washington Supreme Court's interpretation of the Washington Constitution. Also, as the United States Supreme Court has continued to examine Fourth Amendment search and …
Revisiting Granite Falls:Why The Seattle Monorail Project Requires Re-Examination Of Washington's Prohibition On Taxation Without Representation, Matthew Senechal
Revisiting Granite Falls:Why The Seattle Monorail Project Requires Re-Examination Of Washington's Prohibition On Taxation Without Representation, Matthew Senechal
Seattle University Law Review
The composition and actions of the un-elected Seattle Monorail Project (SMP) Board raise the question of whether the Washington State Constitution permits the legislature to delegate its taxing power to municipal corporations governed by unelected boards. Stated differently, the SMP Board and its actions present the question of whether the Washington State Constitution requires that local taxes be imposed only by officials who are elected by, and accountable to, the electorate burdened by the tax. While Washington's Constitution, political structures, and legal doctrine are designed to prevent "taxation without representation," the recent case of Granite Falls Library Facility Area v. …
Voice Over Internet Protocol And The Wiretap Act: Is Your Conversation Protected?, Daniel B. Garrie, Matthew J. Armstrong, Donald P. Harris
Voice Over Internet Protocol And The Wiretap Act: Is Your Conversation Protected?, Daniel B. Garrie, Matthew J. Armstrong, Donald P. Harris
Seattle University Law Review
10101101: Is this sequence of digits voice or data? To a computer, voice is a sequence of digits and data is a sequence of digits. The law has defined 10101101 to be data, and 10101001 to be voice communications. Courts have constructed a distinction between data, 10101101, and voice, 10101001. However, that distinction is blurred when voice and data are simultaneously transmitted through the same medium. The courts forbid third parties to tap or monitor voice communications, yet permit data packets to be tracked, stored, and sold by third parties with the implied consent of either party engaged in the …
Judicial Abstinence: Ninth Circuit Jurisdictional Celibacy For Claims Brought Under The Federal Declaratory Judgment Act, Steven Plitt, Joshua D. Rogers
Judicial Abstinence: Ninth Circuit Jurisdictional Celibacy For Claims Brought Under The Federal Declaratory Judgment Act, Steven Plitt, Joshua D. Rogers
Seattle University Law Review
This Article focuses upon abstention in the context of the Federal Declaratory Judgment Act ("FDJA"). Part I will discuss the various forms of abstention and the historical progression and development of the abstention doctrine in federal case law, setting the background for the expansive holding in Huth v. Hartford Insurance Company of the Midwest. Part II of the article will discuss the procedural history of Huth and the respective rulings of the district court and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals as it relates to their application of the abstention doctrine. Part III will then analyze the numerous, and potentially …
Revisiting The Voyeurism Value In The First Amendment: From The Sexually Sordid To The Details Of Death, Clay Calvert
Revisiting The Voyeurism Value In The First Amendment: From The Sexually Sordid To The Details Of Death, Clay Calvert
Seattle University Law Review
This Article takes a fresh look at the question of "whether the First Amendment freedom of the press will protect our desire to watch against claims of invasion of privacy and other intrusive newsgathering practices [,]" and the fundamental tension between maintaining privacy and accelerating voyeurism, while addressing the notions of geographic privacy and newsworthiness that are critical in this conflict. In particular, this article surveys five specific and cutting-edge areas in the law that demonstrate the conflict between privacy and voyeurism and the legal system's struggles to reconcile the two concepts. Each of these is an area that has …
Stacking The Deck Against Suspected Terrorists: The Dwindling Procedural Limits On The Government's Power To Indefinitely Detain United States Citizens As Enemy Combatants, Nickolas A. Kacprowski
Stacking The Deck Against Suspected Terrorists: The Dwindling Procedural Limits On The Government's Power To Indefinitely Detain United States Citizens As Enemy Combatants, Nickolas A. Kacprowski
Seattle University Law Review
This Note examines Padilla v. Bush as an example of the contemporary application of enemy combatant law. This Note argues that in present and future applications of enemy combatant law, courts should treat Padilla as the preferred model of application because Padilla preserves more Constitutional protections, specifically the right to counsel in bringing a habeas petition, than do Hamdi or Quirin. The Padilla decision is preferable to Hamdi because Padilla restricts the movement of enemy combatant law away from the ex- press criminal protections of the Constitution. In contrast, Hamdi greatly accelerates such movement.
A Less Tragic Commons?: Using Harvester And Processor Quotas To Address Crab Overfishing, Avi Brisman
A Less Tragic Commons?: Using Harvester And Processor Quotas To Address Crab Overfishing, Avi Brisman
Seattle University Law Review
Part II of this Comment provides a brief overview of the history of the Magnuson Act. Part III describes the current status of the BSAI crab fisheries and the need for crab rationalization. In Part IV, this Comment examines NPFMC's preferred alternative—the three-pie voluntary cooperative program as set forth in its Bering Sea Crab Rationalization Program Alternatives: Public Review Draft (May, 2002) and Summary of the North Pacific Fishery Management Council's Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Crab Rationalization Program Submitted to the United States Congress, August, 2002. Part V looks at the legal issues surrounding processor quotas, focusing specifically on …
Public Funding For Theological Training Under The Free Exercise Clause: Pragmatic Implications And Theoretical Questions Posed To The Supreme Court In Locke V. Davey, Katie Axtell
Seattle University Law Review
Part II of this Note presents the factual background and procedural history of Davey v. Locke. Part III discusses the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment. Section A provides a basic background on the Supreme Court's free exercise jurisprudence. Section B applies the Court's precedent to Davey, and concludes that the Ninth Circuit sidestepped a true "prohibition" analysis. Sections A, B, and C of Part IV discuss the differing neutrality examinations within free exercise, free speech, and establishment jurisprudence, respectively. Section D discusses the overlapping application of neutrality criteria in establishment and free speech funding cases. Section E concludes …
Zoning Churches: Washington State Constitutional Limitations On The Application Of Land Use Regulations To Religious Buildings, Darren E. Carnell
Zoning Churches: Washington State Constitutional Limitations On The Application Of Land Use Regulations To Religious Buildings, Darren E. Carnell
Seattle University Law Review
This Article traces a path to various land use regulatory approaches that should survive scrutiny under the Washington State Constitution. Part I outlines the legal history of challenges to the application of zoning regulations to church buildings; Part I also describes the contexts in which such disputes presently arise. Part II introduces the Washington State Constitution's provision regarding the free exercise of religion and describes the limited body of case law that has applied this provision in the land use context. Part III considers the role of federal case law in interpreting the free exercise clause of the Washington State …