Comparative and Foreign Law Commons^™

The Perceived Values Of Diversity, Then And Now, Peter H. Schuck

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Teaching Comparative Law In The 21st Century: Beyond The Civil/Common Law Dichotomy, Michael P. Waxman

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

International And Comparative Law Perspectives On Internet Patents, Toshiko Takenaka

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

The Internet and e-commerce have created a borderless market. Goods and services sold on the Internet are subject to the patent statutes and regulations of all countries in which customers have access. Because the presence or absence of patent protection--or variations in that protection--hinders the movement of goods and services throughout the Internet, it is necessary to harmonize the protection afforded by Internet patents in their early stages of development. Among the three papers, however, only Professor Chiappetta touched upon the problem of compliance with the provisions in TRIPS. None of the papers paid attention to the feasibility of harmonizing …

Tax Treatments For Distressed Bank Loans: A Comparative Study Of The United States And Japanese Legal Systems, Yo Ota

Washington International Law Journal

A number of commentators in Japan have argued that tax treatments for distressed bank loans seem to be more generous in Japan than in the United States, and that, in contrast to Japan, the United States does not allow any deduction for loan loss reserves. However, such arguments have not been based upon a careful analysis of case law and actual tax authority practices. This Article presents a comparative study of the tax treatments for distressed bank loans in the United States and Japan. It analyzes corporate income tax legislation, administrative practices and case law in the 1980s and 1990s …

Judicial Reform And The State Of Japan's Attorney System: A Discussion Of Attorney Reform Issues And The Future Of The Judiciary, Kohei Nakabō, Yohei Suda

Washington International Law Journal

Based on the Judicial Reform Council's article "Points at Issue in Judicial Reform," this paper presents basic issues on the current status of the Japanese attorney system and areas to be addressed in judicial reform. [[Translator's Note] This Article formed the basis of Nakabō's report at the twelfth meeting of Judicial Reform Council held on February 8, 2000. It was originally published as the first of a two part paper in SERIES JUDICIAL REFORM I: [LEGAL PROFESSIONAL TRAINING; THE LAW SCHOOL CONCEPT] (2000).]

Japan's New Patent Attorney Law Breaches Barrier Between The "Legal" And "Quasi-Legal" Professions: Integrity Of Japanese Patent Practice At Risk?, Lee Rousso

Washington International Law Journal

In order to increase the quantity of intellectual property related legal services made available to the public, the Japanese Diet enacted a complete revision of Japan's eighty-year-old Patent Attorney Law. Under the terms of the new law, which became effective on January 6, 2001, benrishi (patent attorneys) have authority to greatly expand their range of professional activities. The newly recognized activities encroach upon the statutory monopoly long enjoyed by Japan's bengoshi (attorneys). Furthermore, the new legislation gives the benrishi a professional domain that is inconsistent with the profession's credential requirements. This Comment argues that the revision is likely to have …

Demographic Crisis In Japan: Why Japan Might Open Its Doors To Foreign Home Health-Care Aides, Carmel A. Morgan

Washington International Law Journal

Japan is currently facing a two-fold demographic crisis: its birthrate is rapidly falling and its population is rapidly aging. Despite the present recession, Japan is confronting a significant shortage of workers in the health-care field. There may not be enough home health-care aides to meet the needs of all of the elderly who are eligible for visits under Japan's new long-term care insurance program. The Ministry of Justice has recently proposed allowing more foreigners to work in Japan. The proposal encourages the admission of immigrants to work as "home helpers," an occupation that is considered unskilled. This proposal marks a …

The Tender Offer In Korea: An Analytic Comparison Between Korea And The United States, Kwang-Rok Kim

Washington International Law Journal

Even though the tender offer system in Korea was established in 1976, there were very few tender offer transactions until 1997. However, after Korea's economic crisis in late 1997, the Korean government not only took a series of structural reform measures to improve the securities market system, but also widely opened the financial markets to foreign countries by abolishing or amending restrictions on foreign investment. The 1998 reforms to the Korea Securities Exchange Act included significant changes to tender offer regulations, making hostile takeovers more feasible. Since that time, the tender offer has been used as a tool to acquire …

Implications Of Singapore's Income And Consumption Tax Policies On International E-Commerce Transactions Of Digitized Products, Neal Harold Luna

Washington International Law Journal

The Internet's current architecture allows international e-commerce transactions of digitized goods to go untaxed by the country in which the income was earned or the product consumed. The inability of these countries to tax such transactions will erode their tax bases as e-commerce in digitized products grows relative to other commercial forms. To forestall the erosion of its tax base, Singapore's revenue authority boldly extends its existing consumption and income tax policies to e-commerce. Singapore's proposed e-commerce tax regime is a model from which other countries—both those with similar tax regimes, such as the E.U. member economies, and those that …

The Religious Freedom And Legal Status Of Churches, Religious Organizations, And New Religious Movements In The Slovak Republic, Martin Dojcar

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Religion In The Case Law Of The Spanish Constitutional Court, Javier Martinez-Torron

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Icon And The Tracts: A Restrained Renaissance Of Religious Liberty In Ukraine, John Moroz Smith

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Religious Freedom: Russian Constitutional Principles-Historical And Contemporary, Nikolas K. Gvosdev

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

An Attempt At Modernization: The New Bulgarian Legislation In The Field Of Religious Freedom, Atanas Krussteff

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Religious Freedom And Legislation In Post-Soviet Estonia, Ringo Ringvee

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Religious Freedom In Germany, Gerhard Robbers

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Perspectives On Religious Freedom In Spain, Jose Antonio Souto Paz

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Islam In Russia Under The Federal Law On Freedom Of Conscience And On Religious Associations: Official Tolerance In An Intolerant Society, R. Christopher Preston

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Paraguay's Archive Of Terror: International Cooperation And Operation Condor, Katie Zoglin

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Courts And Legislation: Anglo-American Contrasts (George P. Smith, Ii, Distinguished Professorship-Chair Of Law), Sir David Williams David Q. C.

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

On April 12, 2000, Sir David Williams delivered the following lecture at the Indiana School of Law-Bloomington in accordance with The George P. Smith, II, Distinguished Visiting Professorship-Chair of Law and Legal Research endowment. The Chair was established by George P. Smith to broaden students' exposure to scholars and judges of national and international reputation and to allow distinguished visiting scholars the opportunity to do research at Indiana University and share their ideas with the faculty and students of the Indiana University School of Law and Indiana University. George P. Smith, an Indiana native, received his B.S. degree in business, …

"When We Sit To Judge We Are Being Judged" The Israeli Gss Case, Ex Parte Pinochet And Domestic/ Global Deliberation, Amnon Reichman

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

Through analysis of two recent cases, one Israeli and one British, this article advances a deliberative paradigm with which to understand emerging global, meta-constitutional norms, such as the prohibition against torture, enforced through transnational adjudication. More specifically, this article suggests that deliberation between the three branches of government, central to the concept of constitutional democracy, is not confined to the boundaries of the nation-state; rather, the development of jus cogens norms coupled with universal jurisdiction in domestic courts ensures that such deliberation crosses national jurisdictions. This development allows, for example, for domestic courts to review, and be reviewed by, foreign …

Chinese Population Transfer In Tibet, John S. Hall

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note examines the impact of China's population transfer policies in Tibet since the 1950 invasion, arguing that these policies have led to the marginalization of Tibetans, significant environmental degradation, and human rights abuses. It explores various legal and diplomatic strategies to address these issues, including the Dalai Lama's Five Point Plan, human rights law, environmental law, and international negotiations.

Adventures In Comparative Legal Studies: Studying Singapore, Carole Silver

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Select Provisions Of The Commercial Maritime Code Of The Russian Federation, William Honea

Washington International Law Journal

The Commercial Maritime Code of the Russian Federation (RMC) entered into force on April 30, 1999. The RMC is a far-reaching and progressive document that seeks to provide a framework for all commercial maritime activities within Russia. The RMC uses the language of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and implements treaties and agreements including those that cover oil pollution, vessel arrest, and competency standards for seafarers. It occupies the field of Russian maritime law, specifically replacing a long list of inherited Soviet laws. It regulates the movement of goods at sea, many common aspects …

Gender Equality And Women's Issues In Vietnam: The Vietnamese Woman—Warrior And Poet, Wendy N. Duong

Washington International Law Journal

Exploration of women's issues in Vietnam strengthens the emerging voice of the "exotic other female" in contemporary international feminist discourse. Any women's movement in Vietnam today must be cast as the revitalization of the Vietnamese woman's collective cultural identity, rather than as a Western imported feminist doctrine. The Vietnamese woman's collective cultural identity is based on the history and cultural folklores of Vietnam, including expressions of feminist ideas in law and literature, and a long history of warfare and collective sufferings, wherein women have been seen as martyrs, national treasures, and laborers in war and in peace. The advocacy of …

An Outsider's View Of China's Insider Trading Law, Charles Zhen Qu

Washington International Law Journal

China's insider trading law can be found in the country's first unified securities industry law, Securities Law of the People's Republic of China, which came into force on July 1, 1999. The provisions of this law relating to insider trading, however, do not seem to help achieve the legislative purpose of the Securities Law, namely, to protect the interest of investors and promote the development of a socialist economy. The inadequacy of the current regime lies in the overly narrow definitions of "insider" and "inside information," the lack of workability of civil liability provisions, and the failure of China's Securities …

Falun Gong: An Analysis Of China's National Security Concerns, Kelly A. Thomas

Washington International Law Journal

The Chinese government's brutal crackdown on the Falun Gong spiritual movement stands in marked contrast to its recent acknowledgement of its need to improve its human rights record and repeated avowals to take the legal steps necessary to conform with international human rights treaties. China's leadership has attempted to justify the crackdown, citing both historical reasons and national security concerns. Analysis of China's history demonstrates that repression of anti-government groups has only hardened their resistance. Similarly, the campaign against Falun Gong has failed to stop protests staged by the group's followers. In fact, Falun Gong's expressions of dissent have become …

International Judicial Practice And The Written Form Requirement For International Arbitration Agreements, Jing Wang

Washington International Law Journal

The requirement that international commercial arbitration agreements must be made in writing is well accepted in most countries and has become a uniform practice in international commercial arbitration law. This is due in large part to the widespread acceptance of the Convention on Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards ("New York Convention"). Article II (1) provides that "each Contracting State shall recognize an agreement in writing." The term "agreement in writing" is defined in Article 11 (2) of the Convention as "an arbitral clause in a contract or an arbitration agreement, signed by the parties or contained in an …

Do Judges Deploy Policy?, Mitchel De S.-O.-L'E. Lasser

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Economics V. Equity Ii: The European Experience, Stephen M. Johnson

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.